Library

feed icon rss

Your email was sent successfully. Check your inbox.

An error occurred while sending the email. Please try again.

Proceed reservation?

Export
Filter
  • Supplementation  (2)
  • Akute und subchronische Vergiftung  (1)
  • Blood  (1)
  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-0738
    Keywords: Diisopropylfluorophosphate ; Acute and Chronic Poisoning ; Therapy with Obidoxime ; Reactivation of Cholinesterase in Various Tissues ; Diisopropylphosphorofluoridat ; Akute und subchronische Vergiftung ; Therapie mit Obidoxim ; Reaktivierbarkeit der ChE verschiedener Gewebe
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung An Meerschweinchen wurde der zeitliche Verlauf der ChE-Hemmung in Erythrocyten, Ventrikelmuskulatur und Gehirn bei subchronischer und akuter DFP-Vergiftung untersucht und die Reaktivierbarkeit der ChE dieser Gewebe nach subcutaner Injektion von Obidoxim geprüft. Bei beiden Vergiftungsarten ergaben sich Unterschiede hinsichtlich des Ausma\es und des zeitlichen Verlaufes der ChE-Hemmung zwischen den drei Geweben. Während der subchronischen Vergiftung durchläuft die ChE-Hemmung bei den Erythrocyten ein Maximum, bei der Ventrikelmuskulatur und dem Gehirn hingegen stellt sie sich kumulativ auf einen Endwert ein. — Die ChE des Gehirns werden durch Obidoxim weder bei der subchronischen noch bei der akuten Vergiftung reaktiviert. Die Reaktivierbarkeit der Erythrocyten-ChE ist bei beiden Vergiftungsarten wesentlich besser als die der ChE in der Ventrikelmuskulatur. Letztere können durch Obidoxim nur innerhalb eines kürzeren Zeitraumes reaktiviert werden als die der Erythrocyten.
    Notes: Summary The time course of inhibition of cholinesterase (ChE) was studied in erythrocytes, ventricular muscle and brain of guinea pigs during chronic and acute poisoning with DFP. The reactivation of ChE in these tissues following subcutaneous injection of obidoxime was also tested. In both kinds of poisoning, considerable differences in degree and time course of ChE-inhibition were observed in the three types of tissue studied. Whereas the ChE-inhibition in erythrocytes achieved a maximum and then subsided, there was a cumulative increase of inhibition leading to a maximal value which was maintained in both ventricular muscle and brain. The ChE of the brain could not be reactivated by obidoxime in either chronic or acute poisoning. In both types of poisoning, the reactivation of ChE in erythrocytes was substantially better than in cardiac muscle. The reactivation by obidoxime in the latter tissue was of shorter duration than in erythrocytes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of toxicology 37 (1976), S. 39-46 
    ISSN: 1432-0738
    Keywords: Cadmium ; Carbonic anhydrase ; Hemoglobin ; Blood ; Testes ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die bei Säugetieren durch Cadmium (Cd) hervorgerufenen Hodenschäden beruhen angeblich auf einer Hemmung der Carboanhydratase (CAH). Da Cd dosisabhängig die Hodendurchblutung beeinflußt, könnte jedoch durch eine Verminderung der Zahl CAH-reicher Erythrocyten eine Hemmung der CAH im Hoden vorgetäuscht werden. Wir bestimmten deshalb CAH-Aktivitäten und Hämoglobin (Hb)-Gehalt im Blut und im Hoden von unbehandelten und Cd-behandelten Sprague-Dawley-Ratten. Entsprechende Untersuchungen wurden an Ratten-Hoden durchgeführt, die vorher über die a. testicularis perfundiert worden waren. Die Ratten erhielten Cd intraperitoneal als CdCl2 jeweils in Einzeldosen von 1,5, 3,0 und 5,0 mg Cd2+/kg Körpergewicht. 1. Die Untersuchungen an perfundierten Hoden zeigten deutlich, daß die im Hodengewebe bestimmten CAH-Aktivitäten nicht einer Hoden-CAH sondern vielmehr der Erythrocyten-CAH zuzuordnen sind. 2. Bei den Cd-behandelten Ratten beobachteten wir kurze Zeit (0,25–1,0 h) nach der Cd-Zufuhr zunächst reversible Durchblutungsänderungen. Sie bestanden in Abhängigkeit von der Cd-Dosis sowohl in einer vorübergehenden Abnahme (1,5 mg Cd2+/kg) als auch in einer Zunahme (3,0 bzw. 5,0 mg Cd2+/kg) des Hb-Gehaltes im Hoden. 3. Unabhängig von diesen geringfügigen Durchblutungsänderungen kam es später (14–24 h nach 1,5 mg Cd2+/kg, 7–14 h nach 3,0 mg Cd2+/kg und 1–3 h nach 5,0 mg Cd2+/kg) zu den bekannten hämorrhagischen Hodenveränderungen mit einer starken Zunahme des Hb-Gehaltes und der CAH-Aktivität. 4. Anhand der Korrelationen zwischen CAH-Aktivität und Hb-Gehalt im Blut und im Hoden konnte eine Hemmung der CAH als primäre Ursache der Cd induzierten Hodenschäden ausgeschlossen werden.
    Notes: Abstract The cadmium-induced (Cd) damage of mammalian testes is thought to be correlated with an inhibition of carbonic anhydrase (CAH) by Cd. Since Cd causes dose-dependent changes in blood flow of the testes, an inhibition of CAH in the testes could be simulated by a decrease of CAH-rich erythrocytes. Therefore, CAH activities and hemoglobin (Hb) content were determined in blood and testes of untreated and Cd-treated Sprague-Dawley rats as well as in testes perfused via the testicular artery. Cd was intraperitoneally applied as CdCl2 in single doses of 1.5, 3.0, and 5.0 mg Cd2+/kg b.w., respectively. 1. The experiments on perfused testes clearly demonstrated that the CAH activities originate from erythrocytes rather than from a tissue located enzyme. 2. The alterations in blood circulation occurring shortly (0.25–1.0 h) after the Cd administration were characterized by a dose-dependent, transient decrease (1.5 mg Cd2+/kg) as well as an increase (3.0 and 5.0 mg Cd2+, respectively) of the Hb content in the testes. 3. Independent of these minor alterations in a later state (14–24 h after 1.5 mg Cd2+/kg, 7–14 h after 3.0 mg Cd2+/kg, and 1–3 after 5.0 mg Cd2+/kg), Cd induced the well known hemorrhagic alterations of the testes with a high increase of Hb content and CAH activity. 4. By means of the correlations between CAH activities and Hb content in blood and testes an inhibition of the CAH by Cd as the primary cause for the tissue damage of the testes could largely be excluded.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Selenium ; Supplementation ; Plasma ; Glutathione peroxidase ; Glutathione S-transferase
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The plasma glutathione peroxidase (GSHPx) activity was measured in normal adults and children and in patients with reduced selenium state because of dietary treatment of metabolic diseases (phenylketonuria or maple-syrup-urine disease) before and after selenium supplementation. Besides GSHPx (measured with t-butyl hydroperoxide, cumene hydroperoxide and hydrogen peroxide as acceptor substrates) the activity of glutathione S-transferase was estimated in plasma. Plasma GSHPx activity in healthy children was significantly lower than in healthy adults. In 11 dietetically treated patients with phenylketonuria or maple-syrup-urine disease the plasma GSHPx was reduced to about 17% of the values of healthy children of the same age. No glutathione S-transferase activity could be found in plasma of children in normal or reduced Se state. During administration of yeast rich in Se (200μg Se/d) for 90 days 2 healthy adults showed no significant change of plasma GSHPx activity. During Se supplementation (75–100μg Se/d) for 120–163 days 5 dietetically treated patients with PKU or MSUD exhibited a significant increase of plasma GSHPx activity within 2 days. The values reached a plateau after 1 to 3 weeks of supplementation and remained at this level within the following 4 to 5 months. Therefore, the activity of plasma glutathione peroxidase can be used as an indicator of short-term changes of selenium intake in selenium deficient individuals.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 140 (1983), S. 244-247 
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Selenium ; Supplementation ; Platelets ; Glutathione peroxidase ; Glutathione S-transferase
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A low Se intake in dietetically treated patients with phenylketonuria (PKU) or maple syrup urine disease (MSUD) leads to a marked reduction of the platelet glutathione peroxidase activity (GSHPx). The mean value amounted to 2.0 U/1011 platelets with t-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BOOH) (2.2 U/1011 with H2O2) in patients and 5.8 U/1011 with t-BOOH (5.4 U/1011 with H2O2) in the control children. After Se supplementation with yeast rich in Se (dose: 135 μg Se/m2) the GSHPx activities rapidly increased. They reached a plateau after 2–3 weeks and remained there during the following 15–20 weeks of supplementation. After the cessation of supplementation there was a slow decrease, the values reached a low plateau after 24 weeks. In addition platelet glutathione S-transferase (GSHTf) was estimated with 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene. No significant difference between the values in healthy and dietetically treated patients in a low or normal Se state was observed. GSHTf did not exhibit peroxidase activity and did not show a compensatory increase when Se dependent GSHPx activity was low. The patients do not reveal clinical signs of disturbed platelet function. GSHPx may act in platelets via lipoxygenase on the prostaglandin pathway. The physiologic consequence of altered arachidonate metabolism, when GSHPx is deficient in platelets, remains to be elucidated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
Close ⊗
This website uses cookies and the analysis tool Matomo. More information can be found here...