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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ubiquitin-positive achromatic neurons in corticobasal degeneration (1995)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 90 (1995), S. 68-75 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Key words Neuropathology ; Ballooned neurons ; Ubiquitin ; Quantitation ; Alien limb
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A 66-year-old woman presented with an alien limb syndrome without dementia. The course of her illness was unremitting and at autopsy 6 years later her diagnosis was confirmed as corticobasal degeneration without Alzheimer-type pathology. Although the presence of ballooned achromatic cortical neurons and cell loss from the substantia nigra distinguishes such patients, the site and density of achromatic neurons has not previously been quantified. We show that immunohistochemistry for the cell stress protein ubiquitin selectively stains these achromatic neurons, whereas they do not stain for abnormally phosphorylated tau protein. Phosphorylated neurofilament antibodies recognise both ballooned and non-ballooned neurons. In this case, high densities of ubiquitin-positive ballooned neurons were found in frontal cortical regions with the highest densities in layers V and VI of the anterior cingulate cortex. In addition, high densities of ubiquitin-positive ballooned neurons were found in the insular cortex, claustrum and amygdala. These results confirm past reports of frontal pathology, but show that there is also considerable pathology in insular and parahippocampal cortical regions and some subcortical regions. Our findings suggest that the distribution and staining characteristics of ballooned neurons in corticobasal degeneration may help to differentiate these cases pathologically, while the absence of dementia appears to be an important clinical criterion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00294461
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ubiquitin-positive achromatic neurons in corticobasal degeneration (1995)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 90 (1995), S. 68-75 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Neuropathology ; Ballooned neurons ; Ubiquitin ; Quantitation ; Alien limb
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A 66-year-old woman presented with an alien limb syndrome without dementia. The course of her illness was unremitting and at autopsy 6 years later her diagnosis was confirmed as corticobasal degeneration without Alzheimer-type pathology. Although the presence of ballooned achromatic cortical neurons and cell loss from the substantia nigra distinguishes such patients, the site and density of achromatic neurons has not previously been quantified. We show that immunohistochemistry for the cell stress protein ubiquitin selectively stains these achromatic neurons, whereas they do not stain for abnormally phosphorylated tau protein. Phosphorylated neurofilament antibodies recognise both ballooned and non-ballooned neurons. In this case, high densities of ubiquitin-positive ballooned neurons were found in frontal cortical regions with the highest densities in layers V and VI of the anterior cingulate cortex. In addition, high densities of ubiquitin-positive ballooned neurons were found in the insular cortex, claustrum and amygdala. These results confirm past reports of frontal pathology, but show that there is also considerable pathology in insular and parahippocampal cortical regions and some subcortical regions. Our findings suggest that the distribution and staining characteristics of ballooned neurons in corticobasal degeneration may help to differentiate these cases pathologically, while the absence of dementia appears to be an important clinical criterion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00294461
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immunophenotypic evidence for distinct populations of microglia in the rat hypothalamo-neurohypophysial system (1995)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 280 (1995), S. 665-673 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Microglia ; Hypothalamo-neurohypophysial system ; Antigen-presenting cells ; Blood-brain barrier ; Phagocytosis ; Immunohistochemistry ; Rat (Long Evans)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The morphology, distribution and immunophenotype of microglia throughout the adult rat hypothalamo-neurohypophysial system was examined. Four macrophage-associated antibodies (OX-42, F4/80, ED1 and ED2) were used; the expression of major histocompatibility complex antigens was investigated by use of antibodies against OX-6, OX-17 (MHC class II) and OX-18 (MHC class I). Three distinct types of microglia were identified. The first was located in the magnocellular nuclei; these ‘radially branched’ (‘ramified’) microglia had round cell bodies and long branched processes, and were strongly immunoreactive only for OX-42. The second was located outside the blood-brain barrier in the median eminence, pituitary stalk and neurohypophysis often close to blood vessels; these ‘compact’ microglia had irregular cell bodies and shorter processes, and were strongly labelled by OX-42 and F4/80, weakly labelled by OX-18, and generally unlabelled by ED1, ED2, OX-6 and OX-17. The third type was found in small numbers throughout the system at the surface of the neurvous tissue or around blood vessels; these ‘perivascular’ microglia were elongated cells with no branching processes, and were strongly labelled by ED1, ED2, OX-18, OX-6, OX-17 and F4/80 antibodies but showed variable OX-42 immunoreactivity. Cells in a perivascular location were heterogeneous with respect to their immunophenotype. The presence in the normal adult rat hypothalamo-neurohypophysial system of MHC class-II molecules (OX-6 and OX-17) on a sub-set of perivascular microglia suggests that these cells are capable of presenting antigen to T lymphocytes. The microglia, which lie on either side of the blood-brain barrier, are well placed to facilitate interaction between the immune and neuroendocrine systems.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00318369
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immunophenotypic evidence for distinct populations of microglia in the rat hypothalamo-neurohypophysial system (1995)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 280 (1995), S. 665-673 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Key words: Microglia ; Hypothalamo-neurohypophysial system ; Antigen-presenting cells ; Blood-brain barrier ; Phagocytosis ; Immunohistochemistry ; Rat (Long Evans)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. The morphology, distribution and immunophenotype of microglia throughout the adult rat hypo- thalamo-neurohypophysial system was examined. Four macrophage-associated antibodies (OX-42, F4/80, ED1 and ED2) were used; the expression of major histocompatibility complex antigens was investigated by use of antibodies against OX-6, OX-17 (MHC class II) and OX-18 (MHC class I). Three distinct types of microglia were identified. The first was located in the magnocellular nuclei; these ’radially branched’ (’ramified’) microglia had round cell bodies and long branched processes, and were strongly immunoreactive only for OX-42. The second was located outside the blood-brain barrier in the median eminence, pituitary stalk and neurohypophysis often close to blood vessels; these ’compact’ microglia had irregular cell bodies and shorter processes, and were strongly labelled by OX-42 and F4/80, weakly labelled by OX-18, and generally unlabelled by ED1, ED2, OX-6 and OX-17. The third type was found in small numbers throughout the system at the surface of the nervous tissue or around blood vessels; these ’perivascular’ microglia were elongated cells with no branching processes, and were strongly labelled by ED1, ED2, OX-18, OX-6, OX-17 and F4/80 antibodies but showed variable OX-42 immunoreactivity. Cells in a perivascular location were heterogeneous with respect to their immunophenotype. The presence in the normal adult rat hypothalamo-neurohypophysial system of MHC class-II molecules (OX-6 and OX-17) on a sub-set of perivascular microglia suggests that these cells are capable of presenting antigen to T lymphocytes. The microglia, which lie on either side of the blood-brain barrier, are well placed to facilitate interaction between the immune and neuroendocrine systems.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00318369
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Liquid crystal polymers. IX. Copolyesters of trans-4,4′-stilbenedicarboxylic acid, 1,4-butanediol, and aromatic dicarboxylic acidsPresented in part at the IUPAC International Symposium on Noncrystalline Order in Polymers, May 27-30, 1985, Naples, Italy. (1988)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 26 (1988), S. 835-847 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Copolyesters of trans-4,4-stilbenedicarboxylic acid (SDA), terephthalic acid, and 1,4-butanediol exhibit thermotropic liquid crystallinity if at least 40 mol % SDA is present (acids total 100 mol %); SDA/2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid/1,4-butanediol copolyesters are liquid crystalline if at least 30 mol % SDA is present. The effects of SDA content on the thermal, rheological, plastic, and fiber properties of the copolyesters were determined. The SDA component increases the relaxation times of the polymers and enables injection-molded plastics and melt-spun fibers to have significantly increased tensile strength and stiffness.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pola.1988.080260313
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Liquid crystal polymers. VIII. Liquid crystalline polyesters of trans-4,4′-stilbenedicarboxylic acid and 1,3-propanediol (1987)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 25 (1987), S. 575-579 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: In our recent overview of liquid crystalline polyesters of trans-4,4′-stilbenedicarboxylic acid (SDA) and aliphatic glycols,1 we reported that “… the 1,3-propanediol polyester did not exhibit thermotropic liquid crystallinity (no stir opalescence or DSC endotherm above Tm), perhaps because of the relatively high Tm (303°C) for a polymer of a glycol having an odd number of carbon atoms.” We now have studied the melting characteristics of another sample of this polymer more carefully and have concluded that it does exhibit a liquid crystalline mesophase over a very narrow temperature range. In this Note we give the thermal properties of this polymer and the thermal and mechanical properties of an SDA/1,3-propanediol copolyester which we also injection molded. These properties are compared and contrasted with those of the similar polyester and copolyester prepared with 1,4-butanediol instead of 1,3-propanediol.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pola.1987.080250211
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Resource recovery: A new field for technology application (1972)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 18 (1972), S. 1089-1106 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: This review paper surveys the state-of-the-art of resource recovery from municipal, primarily residential, refuse. Unfortunately, progress in effecting the actual installation of full-sized recovery facilities has been minimal. The work that has been done has been beset with technical, and more often, economic difficulties. However, the rising cost of traditional means of disposal may allow new systems to become economically competitive. Past research development efforts hold out promise of success and the nation may see the application of efficient technological solutions that in some localities will actually reduce the cost of refuse disposal below that of traditional means.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690180603
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Flammability characteristics of fiber reinforced organic matrix composites (1978)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 18 (1978), S. 97-106 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The effect of resin, fiber, and fire retardant additives on flammability characteristics of organic matrix composites was evaluated. Information is presented on the flame spread index, determined by the radiant panel test, the amount of smoke generated, and products of combustion, using the National Bureau of Standards Smoke Density Apparatus, and the amount of oxygen required to support combustion using the Oxygen Index method. These methods were effective in screening the flammability characteristics of organic matrix composites. Of the materials evaluated the polyimide composites were the most resistant to flame spread, exhibited the lowest evolution of smoke and toxic products and had the highest oxygen index. No differences in flame spread and oxygen index were observed for the polyester epoxy glass-cloth laminates. Addition of antimony trioxide and hydrated alumina to the polyester and epoxy resin systems significantly decreased the flame spread index and increased the oxygen index, but showed a marked increase in smoke evolution. Smoke properties depended on resin content whereas the type of reinforcement did not appear to affect flame spread index or smoke properties. The use of protective barriers in selected shipboard areas can reduce flame spread and lengthen the lime for generation of smoke.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760180207
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Derivatives of cyclotetrazenoborane (tetrazoborol-2-ine) - VI.1 Mass spectra of B substituted cyclotetrazenoboranes (1968)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1968), S. 459-465 
    Details
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The mass spectra of B substituted 2,5-dimethyl cyclotetrazenoboranes have been studied. The compounds Me2N4BD, Me2N4BEt, Me2N4BVi, Me2N4BCl and Me2N4BBr give confirmatory evidence that loss of N2+H. from the system occurs by loss of H from the side chain and that the B—R bond is very stable under electron impact conditions. Fragmentation proceeds in a similar fashion to that of the 2,5-dimethyl substituted compounds with H bonded to the boron atom.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/oms.1210010313
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fourier transform Raman spectroscopy of some energetic materials and propellant formulations (1994)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Raman Spectroscopy 25 (1994), S. 75-87 
    Details
    ISSN: 0377-0486
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Fourier transform Raman (FTR) spectroscopy employing near-IR laser radiation at 1.06 μm as the scattering source was used to obtain Raman spectra of some neat energetic materials and several propellant formulations containing those energetic materials. It is shown that only crystalline components of propellant formulations are easily detected by FTR spectroscopy. Also, FTR spectroscopy is shown to be a useful tool in determining the principle ingredient(s) in many non-colored propellant formulations.
    Additional Material: 23 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jrs.1250250111
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