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  • 1
    ISSN: 1433-0385
    Keywords: Key words: Carbohydrate-deficient transferrin ; Alcohol consumption ; Squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus ; Preoperative risk analysis. ; Schlüsselwörter: Kohlenhydratdefizientes Transferrin (CDT) ; Alkoholkonsum ; Plattenepithelcarcinom des Oesophagus ; präoperative Risikoanalyse.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung. In einer prospektiven Studie zur präoperativen Risikoerfassung der Alkoholabhängigkeit wurden 46 Patienten untersucht, bei denen eine Oesophagektomie wegen eines Plattenepithelcarcinoms durchgeführt wurde. Bei allen Patienten wurde präoperativ der Alkoholmarker kohlenhydratdefizientes Transferrin (CDT) im Serum bestimmt und mit dem Auftreten einer postoperativen Entzugssymptomatik (ja/nein) und dem postoperativen Verlauf (gut/mittel/schlecht/Tod) in Beziehung gesetzt. Für das untersuchte Kollektiv traten bei erhöhtem CDT-Wert signifikant häufiger Entzugssymptome auf (Median des CDT mit Entzug 17,0 U/l vs. ohne Entzug 10,7 U/l; p = 0,0006) bzw. fand sich bei erhöhtem CDT ein signifikant schlechterer postoperativer Verlauf (Median des CDT für mittleren/schlechten/letalen postoperativen Verlauf 14,0 U/l vs. guten Verlauf 10,8 U/l; p = 0,02). Der präoperative CDT-Wert korrelierte signifikant (p = 0,04) mit den anamnestischen Angaben über den präoperativen Alkoholkonsum (normal/erhöht/ stark erhöht). In einer multivariaten logistischen Regressionsanalyse waren CDT und präoperativer Alkoholkonsum unabhängige Parameter, die signifikant den postoperativen Verlauf bzw. Entzug vorhersagten. Für den CDT-Cut-off-Wert von 〈 15,3 U/l wurde hinsichtlich des Parameters „postoperativer Entzug eine Sensitivität“ von 71,4 % und eine Spezifität von 84,4 % berechnet. Die Bestimmung des CDT kann vor einer geplanten Oesophagektomie Patienten mit übermäßigem Alkoholkonsum sicher identifizieren.
    Notes: Summary. In a prospective study the preoperative risk of alcohol addiction was evaluated in 46 patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus. In all patients the alcohol marker carbohydrate-deficient transferrin (CDT) was measured prior to esophagectomy and correlated with the incidence of postoperative withdrawal symptoms (yes/no) and the postoperative course (good/moderate/poor/fatal). Withdrawal symptoms were more frequently observed in cases of elevated CDT values (median of CDT with withdrawal 17.0 U/l vs without withdrawal 10.7 U/l; P = 0.0006). CDT values were significantly increased in case of a complicated postoperative course (median of CDT for moderate/poor/fatal postoperative course 14.0 U/l vs good course 10.8 U/l; P = 0.02). The CDT value correlated (P = 0.04) with the patient's history of preoperative alcohol consumption (normal/increased/high). In a multivariate logistic regression analysis CDT and preoperative alcohol consumption were independent parameters to predict significantly the postoperative course and withdrawal. The sensitivity was 71.4 % and the specifity 84.4 % selecting the parameter “postoperative withdrawal” and a CDT cut-off point of 〈 15.3 U/l. CDT can effectively identify patients with high alcohol consumption prior to esophagectomy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-0460
    Keywords: Zenker's diverticulum ; Cervical myotomy ; Diverticulectomy ; Deglutition ; Deglutition disorders
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Surgery for the treatment of Zenker's diverticulum was performed at our institution in a total of 43 patients over 6½ years. Cervical myotomy with diverticulectomy was performed in 32 of the patients and myotomy alone in 11. Mortality totaled 0%, with a reversible lesion of the recurrent nerve occurring in 7%. In 60% of the cases investigated preoperatively (N=40), motility disorders of the upper esophageal sphincter (UES) could be demonstrated using manometry as well as with cineradiography in 92% of the patients. Follow-up studies in 39 of the cases 25 months (mean) postprocedure indicated 82% of the patients to be symptom-free, with the remaining 18% demonstrating a marked improvement. Postoperative manometry as well as cineradiography carried out in 12 patients revealed the presence of UES motility dyscoordination in 8% and 25%, respectively. There were, however, no signs of recurrence of the diverticulum. The high number of patients in our study group demonstrating motility disorders of the UES emphasizes the need for cervical myotomy as part of the surgical therapy for Zenker's diverticulum.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-0460
    Keywords: Gastroesophageal reflux ; Esophageal motility ; Ambulatory esophageal manometry ; Deglutition ; Deglutition disorders
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The interplay between esophageal motility and gastroesophageal reflux (GER) was investigated with a new ambulatory system of 24-h monitoring of intraesophageal pressures and pH (MP24). The technique allows for simultaneous digital recordings and off-line data analysis. Both computer-aided and visual analyses were used, and algorithms for intercorrelation of mano- and pH-metry were developed. In a group of normal volunteers the physiological response of esophageal motility on GER was defined. In unselected patients suffering from GER disease, the esophageal motility prior to and during GER events was analyzed. In healthy people, most GER episodes occurred spontaneously and were cleared from the distal esophagus by peristaltic contractions. In GER patients, reflux episodes were often preceded by irregular contractions; during GER, esophageal motility was less often peristaltic compared with controls. Therefore, we conclude that MP24 gives relevant information in GER disease which might help in selecting patients for medical or surgical therapy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-0460
    Keywords: Gastroesophageal reflux disease ; Diagnosis ; pH monitoring ; Diagnostic studies ; Deglutition ; Deglutition disorders
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is one of the most frequent benign diseases of the gastrointestinal tract and in some cases the diagnosis may be very difficult. There are many diagnostic procedures but none of them could prove or definitely exclude the disease. The 24-h pH-monitoring is the “gold standard” for detection of gastroesophageal reflux and in many patients the reflux correlates with the GERD. The evaluation of a diagnostic method has to be done in a similar manner to the evaluation of therapeutic study (phase 1 to phase 4). For the definition of the “gold standard” for detection of a special diagnosis (e.g., the gastroesophageal reflux disease), the results of phase 3 studies for different methods had to be compared. The method with the best values for sensitivity and specificity is yet to be discovered. Until now, pH monitoring has been the gold standard for the diagnosis of GERD. However, there are many problems connected with using this method in clinical practice.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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