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  • Analgesic-associated nephropathy  (1)
  • Azathioprine conversion after steroids, in kidney transplantation  (1)
  • CD4-specific (T-lymphocyte) antibodies  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analgesic-associated nephropathy (1987)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 65 (1987), S. 1-16 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Analgesic abuse ; Analgesic-associated nephropathy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Although the question of whether or not analgesic abuse leads to a certain type of nephropathy has been investigated since 1953, no conclusive answer has been forthcoming. Epidemiologic investigations on the correlation between analgesic abuse and renal function as well as experimental animal studies have given contradictory results concerning the possibility of analgesic-associated kidney damage. However, studies on the correlation between analgesic abuse and papillary necrosis have demonstrated that this lesion coincides in 69% of the cases with an analgesic history. Follow-up studies of patients with analgesic nephropathy have shown that renal function deteriorates in 60% of the patients with continued abuse and that it stabilizes in 80% of the patients after cessation of abuse. Studies on the legislative restriction of phenacetin/acetaminophen, carried out mostly in Scandinavian countries since 1965, show a 50%–90% decline in signs of analgesic nephropathy (papillary necrosis) following a reduction in the sale of these drugs. The prevalence of analgesic abuse may be underestimated, since up to 80% of the abusers tend to deny their analgesic intake. Obviously, only a small percentage of analgesic abusers (approximately 1%) finally develop nephropathy. Even though the results of epidemiologic and experimental studies are contradictory, the results of investigations on papillary necrosis and on legislative prevention as well as of patient follow-ups tend to indicate a correlation between analgesic abuse and a well-defined type of nephropathy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01785520
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Late conversion from steroids to azathioprine in cyclosporin-treated renal graft recipients (1989)
    Springer
    Transplant international 2 (1989), S. 108-112 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2277
    Keywords: Conversion from steroids to azathioprine, in kidney transplantation ; Azathioprine conversion after steroids, in kidney transplantation ; Acute rejection after conversion, in kidney transplantation ; Cyclosporin and conversion, in kidney transplantation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In renal graft recipients primarily treated with cyclosporin and low-dose methylprednisolone, withdrawal of the long-term steroid medication increases the likelihood of developing rejection episodes. In order to determine the predictive value of clinical parameters and routine prewithdrawal graft biopsies for the risk of rejection, the authors studied 141 kidney recipients from whom steroids were with-drawn 7–9 months after transplantation in a clinically stable situation. Both the quality of the HLA-match and the results of prospective graft biopsies were found to correlate significantly to the occurrence of acute rejection. In order to investigate the influence of additional azathioprine medication on the incidence of acute rejections in recipients not receiving steroids, immunosuppression was continued with cyclosporin monotherapy in 88 patients and with cyclosporin plus azathioprine in 53 patients. The risk of developing rejection episodes was significantly reduced from 48% after 1 year on monotherapy to 28% after the addition of azathioprine medication.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02459329
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Imaging rheumatoid arthritis specifically with technetium 99m CD4-specific (T-helper lymphocytes) antibodies (1990)
    Springer
    European journal of nuclear medicine 17 (1990), S. 156-159 
    Details
    ISSN: 1619-7089
    Keywords: Immunoscintigraphy ; Technetium 99m-labelled antibodies ; CD4-specific (T-lymphocyte) antibodies ; Rheumatoid arthritis ; Localisation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract CD4 expressing T-lymphocytes are involved in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis, so the possibility of using radiolabelled CD4-specific antibodies to localise diseased joints was studied. Prospectively six patients with rheumatoid arthritis were investigated. Five of them received 200–300 μg of a 555 MBq technetium 99m CD4-specific antibody (MAX.16H5) and were examined with three phase bone scans. Max.16H5 (IgG1) was labelled according to the mercaptoethanol (Schwarz) method. Lymphocytes of one patient were isolated on a Ficoll-Hypaque gradient and labelled with the antibody in vitro. Scans were performed 1.5 h, 4 and 24 h post injection in anterior and posterior views. In all patients, diseased joints could be clearly imaged at as early as 1.5 h. The localisation of the diseased joints correlated (P〈0.01) with the clinical signs, with the early methylene diphosphonate (MDP) scan (P 〉 0.01) and only weakly with the late bone scan (P 〉 0.05). According to these data we conclude that99mTc-labelled CD4-specific antibodies specifically image actively diseased joints in rheumatoid arthritis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00811445
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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