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  • Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy  (3)
  • Aqueous samples  (2)
  • On-line preconcentration  (2)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Data correlation in on-line solid-phase extraction-gas chromatography-atomic emission/mass spectrometric detection of unknown microcontaminants (1998)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 48 (1998), S. 273-283 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Atomic emission and MS detection ; Solid-phase extraction ; Aqueous samples
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary A procedure is described for the (non-target) screening of hetero-atom-containing compounds in tap and waste water by correlating data obtained by gas chromatography (GC) using atomic emission (AED) and mass selective (MS) detection. Solid-phase extraction (SPE) was coupled on-line to both GC systems to enable the determination of microcontaminants at the 0.02–1 μg L−1 level in 7–50 mL of aqueous sample. The screening was limited to compounds present in at least one heteroatom-selective GC-AED trace above a predetermined concentration level. These compounds were identified by their partial formulae (AED) and the corresponding mass spectra, which were obtained from the GC-MS chromatogram via the retention index concept. The potential of the approach was demonstrated by the identification of target compounds as well as all unknowns present in tap and waste water above the predetermined threshold of 0.05 μg L−1 (tap water) or 0.5 μg L−1 (waste water).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02467683
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Determination of polychlorinated biphenyls in sediment by on-line narrow-bore column liquid chromatography/capillary gas chromatography (1988)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 11 (1988), S. 197-202 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Coupling LC/GC ; Retention gap ; Polychlorinated biphenyls ; Sediment ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Narrow-bore column liquid chromatography coupled on-line with capillary gas chromatography (LC/GC) is used for the determination of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in sediment via a heart-cutting technique. This method is compared with a method in which two off-line column clean-up steps are used with subsequent analysis by capillary gas chromatography. For the LC/GC analysis the recovery of PCBs was 90-100%. For two sediment samples from the river Meuse the LC/GC and the other, more laborious method showed good agreement.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240110211
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The potential of on-line flame photometric detection in microcolumn liquid chromatography (1989)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 12 (1989), S. 793-796 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Microcolumn liquid chromatography ; Flame photometric detection ; Organophosphorus compounds ; On-line preconcentration ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The potential of an interface for the on-line coupling of microcolumn liquid chromatography (LC)and a flame photometric detector (FPD) has been further investigated. With the micro-LC/FPD system, relatively high-molecular-weight polar compounds such as cyclic adenosine monophosphate, guanosine monophos- phate, glucose monophosphate, fructose monophosphate, and phytic acid were separated and selectively detected. In order to increase the sensitivity, on-line preconcentration with a microprecolumn inserted in the rotorof a Valcovalve has been applied. Preliminary results have shown that an injection volume of at least 500 1-11 water containing organophosphorus acids at a 5-50 ng/rnl concentration level is possible.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240121206
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Polar solvents for the desorption of a liquid chromatographic precolumn coupled on-line with a capillary gas chromatograph (1989)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 12 (1989), S. 807-812 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Polar solvents ; Coupled LC-GC ; Partially concurrent solvent evaporation ; Trace enrichment ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Coupling column liquid chromatography and gas chromatography on-line is becoming more important in analytical chemistry. Especially when large amounts of polar solvents can be introduced into the gas chromatograph without any problem, the technique will offer new possibilities. With a DPTMDS retention gap, evaporation rates and flooded zones of some solvents have been determined. Two modes of operation using partially concurrent solvent evaporation conditions are discussed: (1) injecting a sample via a loop of an LC valve followed by introduction into the gas chromatograph with an LC pump; (2) trace enrichment on a precolumn followed by on-line desorption with n-propanol into the gas chromatograph. Preliminary results for a splitter system, inserted between the retention gap and the analytical column which allows a considerable increase of the evaporation rate are also presented.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240121209
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Determination of polar pollutants in water using an on-line liquid chromatographic preconcentration system (1991)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 32 (1991), S. 445-452 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Column liquid chromatography ; On-line preconcentration ; Polar pollutants ; Water (tap and surface)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary An isocratic column liquid chromatographic system with UV absorbance detection at 230 nm has been developed for the rapid trace-level determination of a large number of polar pollutants in water. The systems contains two precolumns, in series, which are packed with a styrenedivinylbenzene (PLRP-S) polymer. The second precolumn is also loaded with sodium dodecylsulphate before use. Each precolumn is combined with a PLRP-S analytical column, and aqueous acetonitrile mixtures (pH 3) are used for the separation of neutral as well as acidic and basic pollutants. With 10-ml water samples the detection limits for all analytes, in tap water, are in the low to sub μg/l range. Relevant analytical data are reported and the advantage of using a dodecylsulphate-loaded precolumn over a cation-exchange precolumn is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02327976
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On-line coupling of solid-phase extraction and gas chromatography with atomic emission detection for analysis of trace pollutants in aqueous samples (1995)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 40 (1995), S. 119-124 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Atomic emission detection ; Aqueous samples ; Solid-phase extraction ; Organophosphorus pesticides
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary An on-line, solid-phase extraction gas chromatography atomic-emission detection (SPE-GC-AED) system has been set up using an on-column interface to transfer 100 μl of desorbing solvent to the GC part of the system. Analytical characteristics such as recovery, precision and linearity of calibration plots were comparable with those of the off-line combination of SPE-GC-AED using organophosphorus pesticides as test compounds. The fully on-line set-up causes a marked improvement in detection because of the quantitative transfer of the analytes from the SPE module to the GC: detection limits are as low as 5–20 ng l−1 for the analysis of 10 ml raw and spiked surface water samples using the phosphorus channel. Detection levels can be further enhanced by processing up to 100 ml samples. The integrated analytical system is robust. The potential of the on-line set up has been demonstrated for the analysis of surface water and waste water.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02272157
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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