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  • 1
    ISSN: 1434-0879
    Keywords: Key words Nonbacterial prostatitis ; Animal model ; Partial urethral obstruction ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The pathogenesis of nonbacterial prostatitis (NBP) is not understood mainly due to the lack of appropriate experimental models. We developed a new experimental model of NBP by inducing a partial obstruction of the urethra (PUO) in the rat. Male Wistar rats aged 12 weeks were used. PUO was produced by a nylon ligature on the urethra over a rubber tube. The tube was slipped out after the ligature had been tied. Two rats were examined histologically 6 h, 1 day, 3 days and 7 days after PUO. In another group, two rats were killed at 1, 3 and 7 days after the release of the PUO that had been left in place for 3 days. On day 3, another eight rats with PUO and eight control rats had 2 ml of urine in the bladder replaced by the same volume of lucifer yellow (LY; 10 μg/ml, MW 500), microperoxidase (MP; 20 μg/ml, MW 1900), horseradish peroxidase (HRP; 10 μg/ml, MW 40 000), or saline as control, respectively. Lymphocytic infiltration and interstitial edema were noted in the prostate following PUO, being most prominent on day 3. After the release of the PUO, these inflammatory changes gradually disappeared. Only LY was noted within the prostatic stroma of the rats 2 h after bladder instillation. Intraprostatic urinary reflux may be an etiologic factor in NBP. The present study showed that lower urinary tract obstruction caused NBP in the rat. Penetration of prostatic tissue by low-molecular-weight substances in the urine may trigger NBP.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1437-2320
    Keywords: Key words Periventricular nodular heterotopia ; FDG-PET ; HMPAO-SPECT
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We analyzed the interictal [18F]fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose positron emission tomography (FGD-PET) and single photon emission computed tomography with technetium-99m-hexamethyl-propyleneamine oxime (HMPAO-SPECT) in two epileptic patients with periventricular nodular heterotopia (PNH). In both cases, we found both the glucose metabolism and the perfusion of PNH to be almost identical to those of the normal cerebral cortex. The metabolic activity and perfusion in the heterotopic gray matter in a subependymal white matter area probably represent the glucose metabolism and perfusion of the abnormally located gray matter rather than a subclinical ictal phenomenon. FDG-PET and HMPAO-SPECT were thus found to be a useful complement to magnetic resonance imaging in the evaluation of PNH.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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