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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    External anal sphincter function in spinal patients (1991)
    Springer
    Diseases of the colon & rectum 34 (1991), S. 409-415 
    Details
    ISSN: 1530-0358
    Keywords: EMG activity of the external anal sphincter ; Complete spinal cord transection ; Human ; Anorectal manometry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Six patients with complete transection of the spinal cord and six healthy volunteers were examined by using anorectal manometry together with electromyographic (EMG) recording of the external anal sphincter composed of striated muscle. Anal pressure and EMG activity of the external anal sphincter were continuously-recorded at rest and during gradual rectal distention (10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 ml) by means of an air-filled balloon eliciting a rectoanal inhibitory reflex (RAIR) at the upper part, and an inflation reflex (IR) at the lower part of the anal canal. All patients and controls had a RAIR for each rectal distention volume. A relationship between the duration of the RAIR and the rectal distention volume was present in controls only. In controls the IR was present for each rectal distention volume, whereas it was present in only one patient for a 40-ml volume. During the resting period, all controls showed continuous tonic EMG activity of the external anal sphincter, but after 30 minutes all the patients showed a decrease and ultimately in five cases a disappearance of the tonic EMG activity of the external anal sphincter. In spinal patients, the presence or absence of EMG activity of the external anal sphincter did not modify the anal canal pressure. These results indicate that: 1) the tonic EMG activity of the external anal sphincter seems to be under the control of supraspinal structures, because in spinal patients it disappears in the absence of sensitive inputs toward the spinal cord; 2) the absence of EMG activity at rest indicates that the external anal sphincter is not implicated in the RAIR disturbances observed in spinal patients; 3) the IR is not a spinal reflex but is under voluntary control, because it is not present in spinal humans; 4) in spinal humans the tonic EMG activity of the external anal sphincter does not play a role in the maintenance of the anal pressure at rest.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02053693
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Relationship between clinical symptoms of anal incontinence and the results of anorectal manometry (1992)
    Springer
    Diseases of the colon & rectum 35 (1992), S. 847-849 
    Details
    ISSN: 1530-0358
    Keywords: Anal incontinence ; Clinical presentation ; Anal motility ; Anorectal manometry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The aim of this work was to analyze clinical symptoms in light of anorectal manometry results. We compared the frequency of clinical symptoms in relation with the presence or absence of functional anomalies. Using this methodology, the following relationships may be suggested: the need to wear a pad, with a decreased resting pressure at the upper part of the anal canal; the inability to delay rectal evacuation, with decreased anal voluntary contraction; interference of incontinence with social activities, with decreased duration of anal voluntary contraction; urinary symptoms, with an increased threshold volume of rectal distention needed to elicit the rectoanal inhibitory reflex; and complete rectal prolapse, with reduced length of the anal canal.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02047871
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Anticholinerges Syndrom nach Ingestion von Tee aus Engelstrompetenblüten (2000)
    Springer
    Monatsschrift Kinderheilkunde 148 (2000), S. 18-22 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-0474
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter ; Zentrales anticholinerges Syndrom ; Engelstrompete ; Datura suaveolens ; Skopolaminvergiftung ; Alkaloidintoxikation ; Key words ; Central anticholinergic syndrome ; Angel’s trumpet ; Datura suaveolens ; Scopolamine-poisoning ; Alkaloid-intoxication
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Reports of accidental alkaloid-intoxications with plants of the nightshade family, in particular Datura-species are well known in pediatric care. The intentional abuse as a hallucinogenic drug in adolescents became more frequent in recent years. Two patients, a 14- resp. 16-year old boy were admitted to the intensive care units of our hospitals because of a severe central anticholinergic syndrome after ingestion of tea from Angel’s Trumpet blossoms for experimental reasons. Patient’s history in the first somnolent patient was not available at the time of admission, a routine immunological drug screening of the patient’s urine had been negative. Discussion: Prominent central nervous symptoms as unconsciousness or hallucinations in adolescents without further explanation should suggest a special toxicological analysis for tropan-alcaloids e.g. scopolamine because of increasing abuse of plants containing the drug.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Akzidentelle Intoxikationen von Nachtschattengewächsen bei Kindern sind bereits häufiger beschrieben worden. In jüngster Zeit nimmt der bewußte Mißbrauch insbesondere von Daturaarten als Rauschmittel bei Heranwachsenden deutlich zu. Wir berichten über 2 14 bzw. 16jährige Jugendliche, die aus Experimentierfreudigkeit einen Tee aus Engelstrompetenblüten getrunken hatten und sich wegen eines ausgeprägten zentralen anticholinergen Syndroms auf unseren Intensivstationen behandeln lassen mußten. Im ersten Fall, einem somnolenten Patienten, war zunächst keine Anamnese verfügbar, ein immunologisches Drogen-Screening im Urin blieb ohne richtungsweisendes Ergebnis. Diskussion: Auch bei im Vordergrund stehender Bewußtseinstrübung oder paranoid-halluzinatorischen Symptomen sollte insbesondere bei Jugendlichen an eine Ingestion von Tropanalkaloiden bzw. eine Skopolaminintoxikation durch Ziergewächse wie Engelstrompete oder Stechapfel gedacht und gezielt danach gesucht werden.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001120050004
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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