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  • Local Tetanus  (2)
  • Local tetanus  (2)
  • Ascending cholangitis  (1)
  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Tetanus toxin induced actions on spinal Renshaw cells and Ia-inhibitory interneurones during development of local tetanus in the cat (1977)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 27 (1977), S. 271-286 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Schlagwort(e): Local tetanus ; Spinal interneurones ; Spinal inhibitions
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary In anaesthetized cats the activities of Renshaw cells (RCs) and Ia-inhibitory interneurones (IaINs) were recorded during the accumulation of tetanus toxin in the spinal cord following injection into the gastrocnemius muscle. The early response of the RCs increased during the period of development of local tetanus. With some cells there was a subsequent decrease in the early response in later periods of the observation time (16–44 hrs after intramuscular injection). The effects on the spontaneous activity of the RCs were in good correspondence to those on the early response. The hyperactivity of the RCs is proposed to be mediated mainly via disinhibited cholinergic gamma-motoneurones using muscarinic postsynaptic receptors. The “pause” which follows the early response and the recurrent inhibition of IaINs was not reduced during the development of local tetanus. These results indicate that the central action of tetanus toxin in local tetanus does not consist of a general loss of postsynaptic inhibition. It is suggested that tetanus toxin acts mainly on synaptic elements of the alpha- and gamma-motoneurones or on presynaptic nerve terminals in their vicinity. In later periods a disturbing influence on the cholinergic transmission at Renshaw cells seems to occur.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00235503
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Electromyographic study of the mechanism of postoperative cholangitis in congenital biliary atresia (1990)
    Springer
    Pediatric surgery international 5 (1990), S. 433-436 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-9813
    Schlagwort(e): Congenital biliary atresia ; Roux-en-Y biliary reconstruction ; Ascending cholangitis ; Intestinal motility ; Electromyographic analysis
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Cholangitis after biliary reconstruction for congenital biliary atresia is a troublesome postoperative complication. In order to clarify its mechanism and the changes in intestinal movement after biliary reconstruction by Roux-en-Y anastomosis, we performed electromyographic (EMG) studies of the motility of the reconstructed intestine in dogs. Monitoring the basic electrical rhythm (BER) and migrating myoelectric complexes (MMC), EMG analysis was carried out. As most of the Y-loop MMCs were propagated smoothly to the anal side, according to the continuity of the intestine, the intestinal contents were transported without stagnation. These intestinal movements appear to be useful as a biliary drainage route and to prevent ascending cholangitis. A comparison of short- and long-term intestinal motility after biliary reconstruction showed adaptation of the intestinal movement following the procedure. The outflow of bile appeared to accelerate intestinal motility because of prolongation of the MMC interval in the duodenum and oral jejunum without bile flow.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00174343
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Tension-extension diagram of the tetanus-intoxicated muscle of the cat (1973)
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 276 (1973), S. 421-436 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Schlagwort(e): Local Tetanus ; Stretch Reflex ; Tension-Extension Curve ; Gamma Bias
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary 1. Tetanus toxin was injected into one triceps surae muscle of the cat to obtain symptoms of local tetanus. The contralateral homologous muscle was used as a control. 2. The incubation time (20–40 h) was linearly related to the cube root of the weight of cat and showed a constant velocity (7–9 mm/h) of the spreading of toxin in the nerve fibres in cats of various sizes. 3. The tension-extension curves of the tetanus muscle showed more stiffness and the base of the exponential passive tension-extension curve was always greater in the tetanus triceps surae muscle than in the control. 4. With repeated stretches of the poisoned muscle the total tension-extension curve showed a progressive parallel shift to the right, indicating threshold increase of the stretch reflex. With antagonistic nerve stimulation the curve shiftet to the left (facilitation), which was never seen in the normal state. 5. The total tension-extension curve of the poisoned muscle showed a progressive parallel shift to the left during the first few hours after the onset of symptoms, and to the right during selective blocking of the gamma fibres by procaine. 6. The cats in which the toxin was injected into the flexor (tibialis anterior) muscle, had a longer incubation time and developed extensor spasticity instead of flexion of the leg. 7. It is concluded that bias augmentation of the extensor gamma system is mainly responsible for the muscular stiffness in the early period of local tetanus.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00499895
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Effect of tetanus toxin on the monosynaptic reflex (1983)
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 323 (1983), S. 217-220 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Schlagwort(e): Tetanus toxin ; Local tetanus ; Spinal cord ; Monosynaptic reflex
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Tetanus toxin was injected at various doses (0.1–10,000 mouse MLD/kg) into the gastrocnemius muscle of the left hind leg of the cat. The relative excitability of the monosynaptic reflex (MSR) was increased in the very early period of the intoxication decreased in the later period, during which the MSR of the gastrocnemius was either partially or totally depressed at doses as low as 10 mouse MLD/kg.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00497666
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Gamma-bias of the muscle poisoned by tetanus toxin (1973)
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 276 (1973), S. 413-420 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Schlagwort(e): Tetanus Intoxication ; Local Tetanus ; Pathological Gamma-Bias
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary 1. Local tetanus in the right hind leg of the cat was caused by injecting tetanus toxin subcutaneously at the right triceps surae muscle. The left side, which showed no pathological symptoms, was used as control. 2. The muscles of both sides were stretched linearly at a very slow rate (0.02 to 0.2 mm/sec). We compared the electrical mass activity of the bundle from dorsal roots L7 and S1 in response to muscle stretch of the control and the pathological side. 3. Both before and during the linear stretching the afferent activity was stronger on the intoxicated than on the control side. 4. It is concluded that during local tetanus the rough pathological augmentation of the basis in the gamma system was about 10 mm or more, and that the change of the gamma bias in the intoxicated preparation is beyond the physiological range.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00499894
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