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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Intergeneric somatic hybridization of rice (Oryza sativa L.) and barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) by protoplast fusion (1998)
    Springer
    Plant cell reports 17 (1998), S. 362-367 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-203X
    Keywords: Key words Intergeneric somatic hybrid ; Oryza sativa L. ; Hordeum vulgare L. ; Chromosome ; Recombination
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract An intergeneric somatic hybrid was obtained upon fusion of protoplasts of rice and barley. Protoplasts isolated from suspension cultures of rice cells were fused by electrofusion with protoplasts that had been isolated from young barley leaves. Some of the resultant calli formed green spots and shoots. Only one shoot formed roots, and it was subsequently successfully transferred to soil in a greenhouse. Its morphology closely resembled that of the parental rice plant. Cytological analysis indicated that the plant had both small chromosomes from rice and large chromosomes from barley. Southern hybridization analysis with a fragment of the tryptophan B (trpB) gene revealed both a rice-specific band and a barley-specific band. Mitochondrial (mt) and chloroplast (cp) DNAs were also analyzed using the same method. The plant was shown to contain novel mitochondrial and chloroplast sequence rearrangements that were not detected in either of the parents.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002990050407
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Behaviour of chromosomes in anaphase cells in embryogenic callus cultures of maize (Zea mays L.) (1996)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 92 (1996), S. 982-990 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Zea mays L. ; Tissue culture ; Aberrations in chromosome structure ; Heterochromatic knobs ; Chromosome behaviour
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Mitotic anaphase cells of highly friable and embryogenic calluses which had been induced from immature embryos of two inbred lines of maize that have contrasting levels of heterochromatic knobs were analysed for the presence of abnormalities 3, 6, 9 and 12 months after the initiation of culture. A total of 500 typical anaphases was scored at each time point, and various aberrations, such as delay in the separation of sister chromatides, chromosome bridges (single, double and multiple) and chromosome fragments, were revealed to occur extensively in the cultures of both genotypes. Preparations after C-banding revealed that primary breakages often occurred inside knobs or at junction regions between the euchromatin and the heterochromatin of the knobs. Figures characterized by the delayed separation of sister chromatids, which originated preferentially at the knob level and was considered to be an initial event in the development of breakages, were observed at constant frequencies throughout the experiment. Increasing numbers of aberrant cells were detected with time, mainly due to the accumulation of cells with chromosome bridges and fragments. Several mitotic figures suggested the occurrence of breakagefusion-bridge cycles that were initiated by broken chromosomes. The overall frequencies of aberrant cells were similar for both genotypes, despite the differences in knob composition. However, callus cultures induced from the genotype having the higher level of knobs had more aberrant cells with abnormalities that involved several chromosomes, such as multiple bridges and multiple fragments.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00224038
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The physical map of the chloroplast DNA from Asparagus officinalis L. (1996)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 92 (1996), S. 10-14 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Chloroplast DNA (ctDNA) ; Physical map ; Garden asparagus ; Asparagus officinalis L. ; Chloroplast genes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The genus Asparagus consists of 100–300 species of both dioecious and hermaphrodite plants. Since there are diploid, tetraploid, and hexaploid plants in this genus, RFLP (restriction fragment length polymorphism) analysis of chloroplast DNA (ctDNA) is suitable for examining the phylogenetic relationships. We have constructed a physical map of the ctDNA of garden asparagus (A. officinalis L. cv ‘Mary Washington 500 W’) using five restriction endonucleases, namely, BamHI, PstI, SalI, HindIII, and XhoI. Asparagus ctDNA was digested with restriction enzymes and cloned into plasmid and λ phage vectors, and a clone bank was constructed that covered 70% of the genome. A physical map was constructed by Southern hybridization of total DNA from asparagus with homologous and heterologous probes. The asparagus ctDNA was about 155 kb long and it contained two inverted repeats (23kb each) separated by a large single-copy region (90kb) and a small single-copy region (19kb). Fifteen genes, encoding photosynthesis-related proteins, rDNAs, and tRNAs, were localized on the physical map of asparagus ctDNA. Comparing the length and the gene order of asparagus ctDNA with that of other plants, we found that asparagus ctDNA was similar to tobacco ctDNA but different from rice ctDNA. The restriction patterns of the ctDNAs from several varieties of A. officinalis and three species of Asparagus were analyzed. The restriction patterns of the varieties of A. officinalis were very similar, but polymorphisms were detected among the three species of Asparagus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00222945
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Behaviour of chromosomes in anaphase cells in embryogenic callus cultures of maize (Zea mays L.) (1996)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 92 (1996), S. 982-990 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Zea mays L. ; Tissue culture ; Aberrations in chromosome structure ; Heterochromatic knobs ; Chromosome behaviour
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Mitotic anaphase cells of highly friable and embryogenic calluses which had been induced from immature embryos of two inbred lines of maize that have contrasting levels of heterochromatic knobs were analysed for the presence of abnormalities 3, 6, 9 and 12 months after the initiation of culture. A total of 500 typical anaphases was scored at each time point, and various aberrations, such as delay in the separation of sister chromatides, chromosome bridges (single, double and multiple) and chromosome fragments, were revealed to occur extensively in the cultures of both genotypes. Preparations after C-banding revealed that primary breakages often occurred inside knobs or at junction regions between the euchromatin and the heterochromatin of the knobs. Figures characterized by the delayed separation of sister chromatids, which originated preferentially at the knob level and was considered to be an initial event in the development of breakages, were observed at constant frequencies throughout the experiment. Increasing numbers of aberrant cells were detected with time, mainly due to the accumulation of cells with chromosome bridges and fragments. Several mitotic figures suggested the occurrence of breakage-fusion-bridge cycles that were initiated by broken chromosomes. The overall frequencies of aberrant cells were similar for both genotypes, despite the differences in knob composition. However, callus cultures induced from the genotype having the higher level of knobs had more aberrant cells with abnormalities that involved several chromosomes, such as multiple bridges and multiple fragments.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220050219
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Production and analysis of plants that are somatic hybrids of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) and carrot (Daucus carota L.) (1997)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 94 (1997), S. 221-226 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key wordsHordeum vulgare L. ; Daucus carota L. ; Interfamilial somatic hybrid ; Low temperature ; Recombination
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract In order to obtain plants that were somatic hybrids of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) and carrot (Daucus carota L.), we fused protoplasts that had been isolated from 6-month-old suspension cultures of carrot cells with protoplasts isolated from barley mesophyll by electrofusion. After culture for 1 month at 25°C , the cells were cultured for 5 weeks at 4°C , and were then returned to 25°C for culture on a shoot-inducing medium. Three plants (nos. 1, 2 and 3) were regenerated from the cells. The morphology of the regenerated plants closely resembled that of the parental carrot plants. A cytological analysis of callus cultures induced from these plants indicated that most of the cells had about 24 chromosomes, fewer than the sum of the numbers of parent chromosomes which was 32. Southern hybridization analysis with fragments of the rgp1 gene used as probe showed that the regenerated plants contained both barley and carrot genomic DNA. Chloroplast (ct) and mitochondrial (mt) DNAs were also analyzed with several probes. The ctDNA of the regenerated plants yielded hybridization bands specific for both barley and carrot when one fragment of rice ctDNA was used as probe. Furthermore, the regenerated plants yielded a barley specific band and a novel band with another fragment of rice ct DNA as a probe. One of the regenerated plants (no. 1) yielded a novel pattern of hybridized bands of mt DNA (with an atp6 probe) that was not detected with either of the parents. These results indicated that the regenerated plants were somatic hybrids of barley and carrot and that recombination of both the chloroplast genomes and the mitochondrial genomes might have occurred.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220050403
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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