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  • Chemistry  (19)
  • Asymmetric Michael addition  (1)
  • conformation  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 13 (1974), S. 1213-1222 
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The orientation of naphthalene rings in the side chain of poly-γ-1-naphthylmethyl-L-glutamate (PNLG) in mixed solvents of dichoroethane (DCE) and hexafluoroisopropanol (HFIP) has been studied together with its conformation by infrared, circular dichroism, and fluorescence spectra. The CD pattern of PNLG varies with the solvent composition while it maintains the α-helical conformation. The fluorescence spectra of PNLG in solution show excimer emission of the naphthalene chromophores. The ratio of intensity of the excimer emission to that of the normal fluorescence decreases as the HFIP component in the solvent increases. It is suggested that the naphthalene rings in the side chain of α-helical PNLG are more rigidly orientated in the solvents of higher HFIP ratio.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 14 (1975), S. 353-362 
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Poly-β-1-naphthylmethyl-L-aspartate and copolymers of β-1-naphthylmethyl-L-aspartate and γ-benzyl-L-glutamate were prepared. From the results obtained by a study of infrared and circular dichroism spectra, poly-β-1-naphthylmethyl-L-aspartate was found to be a left-handed α-helix both in the solid state and in solution. The fluorescence spectra of these polymers showed excimer emission of the naphthyl chromophores and gave some information about the arrangement of the side-chain chromophores. By optical titration experiments, it was found that an increasing amount of β-1-naphthylmethyl-L-aspartate residues in the copolymers induces a progressive instability of the helical structure.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 177 (1976), S. 3495-3514 
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: N-(1,3-Diisocyanato-1-propyl)phthalimid (5) wurde hergestellt, ausgehend von Glutaminsäure (1) über N-(Phthaloylglutaminsäure (2), N-(Phthaloylglutaminsäure-dichlorid 3), N-(Phthaloylglutaminsäure-diazid (4) mit anschließender Curtius-Umlagerung. Bei dieser zerfallen die Carbonylazid-Gruppen in 4-Stellung zur Phthalimido-Gruppe ab etwa 25°C während die anderen Carbonylazid-Gruppen in 2-Stellung zur Phthalimido-Gruppe bis etwa 45°C beständig sind. Das Diisocyanat 5 ist eine viskose Flüssigkeit, die ohne Racemisierung zu erleiden durch Molekulardestillation gereinigt werden kann. Eine Reihe von Polyharnstoffen (13a-i), Polyurethanen (15a-d) und das Polyharnstoffurethan) (17) wurde hergestellt, und ihre thermischen und Lösungs-Eigenschaften wurden untersucht. Alle geprüften Polymeren zersetzen sich zwischen 200 und 250°C.
    Notes: N-(1,3-Diisocyanato-1-propyl)phthalimide (5) was synthesized as a new monomer from glutamic acid (1) through N-phthaloylglutamic acid (2), N-phthaloylglutamoyl dichloride (3) and N-phthaloylglutamoyl diazide (4), followed by a Curtius rearrangement. In the Curtius rearrangement, the carbonylazido group with the phthalimido group in 4-position decomposes at 25°C, whereas the other carbonylazido group with the phthalimido group in 2-position is stable up to 45°C. The monomer is a viscous and transparent liquid which can be purified by molecular distillation without racemization. A series of polymers, including polyureas (13a-i), polyurethanes (15a-d) and a poly(urea-urethane) 17), were synthesized from monomer 5 and their thermal properties and solubilities were determined. It was found that all investigated polymers decompose readily between 200°C and 250°C.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 182 (1981), S. 59-70 
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Aromatic spiro polymers, polyoxoindoline-spiro-benzimidazolines 9a-c, were prepared by the solution polycondensation reaction of biisatyls with aromatic tetramines in polar organic solvents. The spiro polymers were found to exhibit good solubility in polar organic solvents, such as N,N-dimethylacetamide and hexamethylphosphoramide, in contrast to the insolubility of the corresponding polyindoloquinoxalines in these solvents. The improvement of the solubility was discussed mainly in terms of the hydrogen bonding and packing in polymer molecules. The spiro polymers slowly rearranged at high temperatures to give polyindoloquinoxalines with high thermal stability.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 182 (1981), S. 2399-2407 
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: A series of polyamides containing thianthrene, phenoxathiin, and dibenzo-p-dioxin units were synthesized from the corresponding tricyclic fused ring diamines and aliphatic diacid chlorides by solution polycondensation at low temperature. These polyamides showed improved thermal stability, while maintaining the good solubility of aliphatic polyamides. The thermal stability of the series of polyamides increased in the order of the thianthrene containing polymers 〈 phenoxathiin containing polymers 〈 dibenzo-p-dioxin containing polymers. Glass transition temperatures of these polymers were estimated by thermomechanical analysis as well as by temperature-resistivity curves. Polyamides derived from 2,8-oriented tricyclic diamines showed somewhat lower glass transition temperatures than those from 2,7-oriented diamines.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 14 (1985), S. 201-214 
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Mechanism of dye-mediated electron transport across liposomal lipid bilayers has been investigated. Water-soluble redox dyes, such as thiazines or indophenols, mediate transmembrane electron transport. Under photoirradiation electron transport via dyes in excited state was also observed. The photoinduced electron transport was remarkably asymmetric with respect to the membrane plane. The rate of the rate-limiting photoreaction in bulk phase was much higher than that in inner compartment, when the rates were compared with each other on the basis of mean total concentration in the system. The origin of the asymmetry is discussed. The reaction asymmetry originates from the difference in the local concentration of the electron donor and the non-linearity of the dependence of the rate on the donor concentration. The water-soluble dyes also mediate ‘up-hill’ transport of electron under photoirradiation. The ‘up-hill’ reaction occurs only when the system is constructed so that the rate-determining photoreaction may take place in the outside of liposomes. The asymmetry is profitable for the vectorial electron transport.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of inclusion phenomena and macrocyclic chemistry 10 (1991), S. 443-451 
    ISSN: 1573-1111
    Keywords: Cyclodextrin ; ethyl viologen ; binding ability ; conformation ; steroidal guest ; complex
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The conformational and binding properties of mono-6-deoxy-6[4-(1-ethyl-4-pyridinio)-1-pyridinio]-β-cyclodextrin (1) in complex formation with some guest compounds were examined by induced circular dichroism (ICD) spectra in aqueous solution. Compound 1 showed much stronger binding ability for some guest compounds (1: 1 complexes), compared withβ-cyclodextrin (β-CDx) and a positively charged β-CDx [C-6-mono-pyridino-β-CDx (2)]. Marked conformational changes of1 (the spatial position of the ethyl viologen (C2V2+) group relative to the cavity in 1) were observed upon complex formation with some guests like 1-adamantanecarboxylic acid (ACA) and sodium cholate (SC).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of inclusion phenomena and macrocyclic chemistry 11 (1991), S. 195-204 
    ISSN: 1573-1111
    Keywords: Asymmetric Michael addition ; thiol ; α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compound ; cyclodextrin complex
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The asymmetric Michael addition of aromatic thiols to 2-cyclohexenone and maleic acid esters has been carried out by utilizing their crystalline cyclodextrin complexes suspended in water. The best chiral induction, 30% enantiomeric excess (ee), was achieved in combinations of 2-cyclohexenone and octyl maleate with the crystalline β-cyclodextrin complex of benzenethiol (method A) to afford (S)-3-phenylthiocyclohexanone and (S)-octyl-2-phenylthiosuccinate, respectively, whereas the reaction of benzenethiol with 2-cyclohexenone included in β-cyclodextrin (method B) inversely induced the chiral recognition to give the (R)-adduct with 4–9% ee.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Basel : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie, Rapid Communications 14 (1993), S. 287-291 
    ISSN: 0173-2803
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 104 (1967), S. 26-36 
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Die Taktizitäten von Poly(glycidylmethacrylaten), die radikalisch im Temperaturbereich von -78 bis 60°C in einigen Lösungsmitteln und in Substanz polymerisiert wurden werden beschrieben. Selbst bei niedrigerer Temperatur ist das Redoxsystem Diisopropylperoxydicarbonat/Dimethylanilin beim Monomeren wirksam. Die Taktizitäten der Polymeren werden mittels NMR-Spektren bestimmt. Die Entropie- und Enthalpiedifferenzen der Aktivierung des isotaktischen und syndiotaktischen Wachstums (Δ(ΔS) bzw. Δ(ΔH)) werden berechnet. Die Werte für Δ(ΔH) werden durch die Polymerisationsbedingungen nicht merkbar beeinflußt und sind etwas größer als jene für die Methacrylsäuremethylesterpolymerisation.
    Notes: The tacticities of poly(glycidyl methacrylate) prepared by radical polymerization at temperatures in the range from -78 to 60°C in several solvents or in bulk are described. The redox system diisopropylperoxy dicarbonate/dimethylaniline was found to polymerize this monomer effectively even at low temperature. The tacticities were determined by NMR spectroscopy. The difference of entropy Δ(ΔSNippon Oils & Fats Co., Ltd. (Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan)) and enthalpy Δ(ΔH) of activation between isotactic and syndiotactic propagations were calculated. The values of Δ(ΔH) were found not to be affected essentially by polymerization conditions and to be slightly larger than that of methyl methacrylate polymerization.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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