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  • Calcium  (3)
  • Ausscheidung  (1)
  • Calcitonin  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 34 (1982), S. 253-257 
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Prednisolone ; Calcium ; Bone ; Corticoid osteopenia ; Vitamin D metabolites
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Summary Adult male rats were fed a diet containing 0.15% calcium, 0.3% phosphorus, and either 100, 50, or 20 mg of prednisolone per kg of diet. All these levels of prednisolone led to osteopenia, decreased intestinal absorption of calcium, slightly lower serum calcium and phosphorus, and a decreased level of serum 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3. Exogenous parenteral 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 corrected steroid-induced changes in serum calcium and phosphorus, but could not completely correct the low intestinal calcium transport; nor did it prevent the development of osteopenia. The prednisolone-induced osteopenia seems at least in part to be caused by impaired intestinal calcium transport. The impaired calcium transport may be the result of low levels of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 and a direct effect of presnisolone on the intestine.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 35 (1983), S. 107-110 
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Calcium ; Glucocorticoid ; Vitamin D ; Osteoporosis ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Summary Eighty-eight adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were given a diet with either (a) 0.5% Ca and 0.6% P or (b) 0.01% Ca and 0.6% P. Osteopenia was created by adding prednisolone to the diet. The prophylactic effect of oral 1,25(OH)2D3 on the osteopenia was studied. It was found that prednisolone osteopenia in the rat was associated with defective Ca absorption. By giving an oral dose of 1,25(OH)2D3, it was possible to maintain normal Ca absorption during prednisolone treatment and to prevent the bone loss. No significant hypercalcemia or any kidney calcifications were seen. These results are in contrast to earlier findings, in which subcutaneous administration of 1,25(OH)2D3 failed to prevent prednisolone osteopenia because of its tendency to increase bone resorption.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 53 (1993), S. 26-28 
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Calcitonin ; Calcitriol ; Calcium ; Densitometry ; Osteoporosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Summary Twenty-two middle-aged women with severe osteoporosis were treated for 2 years with either 0.5 mg of synthetic human calcitonin subcutaneously three times per week combined with 0.5 μg of calcitriol and 0.5 g of calcium per day orally or calcium only. The treatment with calcitonin plus calcitriol (12 patients) resulted in a significantly increased calcium absorption rate. The mean values for serum phosphate did not change during the treatment period and the mean values did not differ between the treatment groups, but the serum calcium and urinary Ca/Cr ratio increased somewhat in the group given the combined treatment. There was no evidence that the combined treatment improved the bone density in this study. It is possible that calcitriol, instead of increasing the effect of calcitonin by suppression of the parathyroid, might have counteracted its effect by increasing the bone resorption.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of toxicology 32 (1974), S. 271-281 
    ISSN: 1432-0738
    Keywords: Pentachlorophenol ; Excretion ; Metabolism ; Tetrachlorohydroquinone ; β-glucuronidase ; Pentachlorphenol ; Ausscheidung ; Metabolismus ; Tetrachlorhydrochinon ; β-Glucuronidase
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die Ausscheidung von 14C-Pentachlorphenol im Harn von Ratten und Mäusen wurde nach oraler und intraperitonealer Verabreichung in Dosen von 10 bis 25 mg/kg untersucht. 41 bis 43% der ausgeschiedenen Aktivität waren unverändertes Pentachlorphenol. Mittels kombinierter Gaschromatographie und Massenspektroskopie konnte ein Metabolit, der 5 bzw. 24% der ausgeschiedenen Aktivität bei Ratten bzw. Mäusen ausmacht, als Tetrachlorhydrochinon identifiziert werden. Das Vorhandensein von Glucuronsäure-Konjugaten ließ sich nicht durch enzymatische Hydrolyse nachweisen, da Tetrachlorhydrochinon ein starker β-Glucuronidase-Hemmer (I50 = 1,6 bis 2,0×10−6M) ist. Kochen des Harns mit HCl wandelte die gesamte ausgeschiedene Aktivität in Pentachlorphenol und Tetrachlorhydrochinon um. Davon entfielen 43 (Ratten) bzw. 46% (Mäuse) auf Tetrachlorhydrochinon. Tetrachlorhydrochinon konnte auch im Harn von Arbeitern nachgewiesen werden, die beruflich mit Pentachlorphenol in Kontakt kommen.
    Notes: Abstract Excretion of pentachlorophenol-14C in the urine of rats and mice after oral and intraperitoneal administration (10 to 25 mg/kg) was studied. 41 to 43% of the excretion activity was found to be present as unchanged pentachlorophenol. By means of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, one metabolite was identified as tetrachlorohydroquinone, representing 5 and 24% of the excreted activity in rats and mice, respectively. Conjugation with glucuronic acid could not be demonstrated by enzymatic hydrolysis since tetrachlorohydroquinone was found to be a potent inhibitor of β-glucuronidase, the I50 being 1.6 to 2.0×10−6 M. Boiling the urine with hydrochloric acid was shown to convert all of the excreted activity to pentachlorophenol and tetrachlorohydroquinone, the latter representing 43 and 46% in rats and mice, respectively. Tetrachlorohydroquinone was found in the urine of workers occupationally exposed to pentachlorophenol.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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