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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bone morphogenetic proteins and skeletal development: the kidney-bone connection (2000)
    Springer
    Pediatric nephrology 14 (2000), S. 598-601 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-198X
    Keywords: Key words Morphogens ; Cytokines ; Cartilage ; BMP receptors
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  The bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are a family of pleiotropic morphogens isolated and cloned from the demineralized extracellular matrix of bone. BMPs and related cartilage-derived morphogenetic proteins (CDMPs) initiate, promote and maintain bone and cartilage. The pleiotropic effects of BMPs are based on concentration-dependent thresholds. Targeted disruption of gene action by homologous recombination has demonstrated the role of BMP 7 in kidney, eye and skeletal development. BMP 7 is critical for kidney tubulogenesis, retinal pigmented epithelium differentiation and skeletal pattern. BMP 7 is also synthesized by the kidney and is detectable in serum; hence BMP 7 is both an autocrine and endocrine morphogen. It is likely renal BMP 7 may influence skeletal development and growth in children although there may be sources of other BMPs with skeletogenic actions. In conclusion, we are beginning to unravel the mysteries of kidney-bone connection with special reference to pediatric nephrology.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004670000364
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Somatostatin can locally inhibit proliferation and differentiation of cartilage and bone precursor cells (1981)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 33 (1981), S. 425-430 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Bone induction ; Insulin ; Chondrogenesis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Summary The influence of somatostatin on discrete stages of collagenous-matrix-induced endochondral bone formation has been investigated. Local injection of somatostatin, i.e., without any measurable systemic effect, resulted in a 75% reduction of cell proliferation as measured by [3H]thymidine incorporation and ornithine decarboxylase activities. The minimum effective inhibitory dose of somatostatin was 0.25 µg/day. Twice daily local injections of the hormone during cartilage formation also resulted in an inhibition, but this was shown to be due to impaired cell proliferation rather than to a direct effect of somatostatin on differentiation. Injection of somatostatin into developing bone tissue after the cartilage stage impaired osteogenesis, assessed by45Ca incorporation and alkaline phosphatase activity. Concurrent injections of insulin and somatostatin obliterated the inhibitory effect of the latter on cell proliferation. Somatostatin can locally regulate the proliferation and differentiation of chondroprogenitor and osteoprogenitor cells in vivo and may directly contribute to the regulation of bone growth by its ability to counteract the stimulatory effect of insulin.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02409466
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of vitamin A on matrix-induced endochondral bone formation (1983)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 35 (1983), S. 732-739 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Mesenchymol cell proliferation ; Chondrogenesis ; Osteogenesis ; Proteoglycans
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Summary The influence of retinoic acid on matrix-induced endochondral bone differentiation was determined. Retinoic acid was administered during discrete stages of endochondral bone formation, specifically, mesenchymal cell proliferation, chondrogenesis, bone formation, and mineralization. In retinoic acid-treated rats examined on day 3 following matrix implantation, biochemical markers for mesenchymal cell proliferation were about 50% of the controls. Chondrogenesis on day 7, assessed by35SO4 incorporation into proteoglycans, was 27% of the control. In addition, dissociative extraction of proteoglycans with 4.0 M guanidine-HCl and chromatography on Sepharose CL-2B revealed the synthesis of a smaller molecular weight proteoglycan when compared to controls which exhibited the cartilage-specific type. Osteogenesis and bone mineralization were monitored by alkaline phosphatase activity and45Ca incorporation. On day 11 alkaline phosphatase activity was decreased by 40% and45Ca incorporation was 48% of the control. These results revealed the multiple foci of the actions of excess vitamin A.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02405115
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Symbiosio of biotechnology and biomaterials: Applications in tissue engineering of bone and cartilage (1994)
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 56 (1994), S. 192-195 
    Details
    ISSN: 0730-2312
    Keywords: bmne ; cartilage ; BMPs ; PDGF ; TGF-β ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: The three ingredients for the successful tissue engineeping of bone and cartilage are ragulatory signals, cells and extracellular matrix. Recent advance in cellular and molecular biology of thde growth and differentiation factors have set the stage for a symbiosis of biotechnology and biomaterials. Recent advances permit one to enunciate the rules of architechure for tissue engineering of bone and cartilage. The purification and cloning of bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) and growth factors such as platelet derived growth factors (PDGF), tranforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), and insulin-like growth factors (IGF-I) Will allow the design of an optimal combinatiol of signals to initiate and promote development of skeletal stem cells into cartilage and bone. Successful and optimal bone and motion. BMPs function as inductive signals. Biomaterials (Both natural and synthetic) mimic the extracellular matrix and play a role in conduction of bone and cartiage. Examples of biomaterials include hydroxyapatite, polyanhydrides, polyphosphoesters, polylactic acid, and polyglycolic acid. The prospects for novel biomaterials are immense, and they likely will be a fertile erowth industpy. Cooperative ventures between academia and industry and teahnology transfer from the federal government augur well for an exciting future fop clinical applications.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcb.240560213
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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