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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Benzodiazepine anti-conflict effects in maudsley reactive (MR/Har) and non-reactive (MNRA/Har) rats (1990)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 100 (1990), S. 287-292 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: MR/Har and MNRA/Har Maudsley rat strains ; Conflict behavior ; Anxiety ; Alprazolam ; Diazepam ; Benzodiazepines
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The Maudsley Reactive (MR/Har) and Non-Reactive (MNRA/Har) rat strains, bred originally by Broadhurst for differences in Open Field Defecation, also differ in their control (i.e., non-drug) behavior in the Conditioned Suppression of Drinking (CSD) conflict procedure, a second “model” behavior for the study of anxiety and/or emotionality in rats. The present studies compared the effects of diazepam and alprazolam on CSD behavior in these two strains of rats. In daily 10-min sessions, water-deprived rats were trained to drink from a tube that was occasionally electrified (0.2–0.5 mA), electrification being signaled by a tone. Both diazepam and alprazolam increased punished responding in a dose-related manner. The per cent increase in punished responding (for diazepam only) was comparable in the two strains; however, both statistical and empirical approaches indicated that the magnitude of the anti-conflict effect of benzodiazepines in MNRA/Har versus MR/Har rats was not related to differences in baseline (i.e., non-drug) punished responding. Based on the absolute change in shocks received, rats of the MNRA/Har strain exhibited a significantly greater anti-conflict effect following diazepam or alprazolam treatment than did rats of the MR/Har strain. These findings further the hypothesis that the behavioral differences exhibited by Maudsley MR/Har and MNRA/Har rat strains may constitute a genetically-based “animal model” for the study of emotionality and/or anxiety.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02244595
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Psychological testing, IQ, and evolutionary fitness (1997)
    Springer
    Genetica 99 (1997), S. 113-123 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6857
    Keywords: evolutionary fitness ; intelligence ; metric characters ; psychometric methods ; race
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Individual, group, and ethnic differences in behavior have been an object of long, continuing, and contentious interest, both in the sciences and in popular culture. For well over 2,000 years, psychological traits, particularly those described as ‘intelligence’, have generally been considered the major factors in fitness in humans. After reviewing contemporary scientific thinking on intelligence, the psychometric methods used for the construction of psychological tests are presented and examined in the context of natural selection and metric characters. There are essential differences between the disciplines of genetics and of psychology such that the concepts of the two are more divergent than might superficially appear to be the case. The analysis leads to the conclusion that standard psychometric methodology cannot yield tests appropriate for measurement of evolutionary fitness characters.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1018337915759
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Psychological testing, IQ, and evolutionary fitness (1997)
    Springer
    Genetica 99 (1997), S. 113-123 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6857
    Keywords: evolutionary fitness ; intelligence ; metric characters ; psychometric methods ; race
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Individual, group, and ethnic differences in behavior have been an object of long, continuing, and contentious interest, both in the sciences and in popular culture. For well over 2,000 years, psychological traits, particularly those described as ‘intelligence’, have generally been considered the major factors in fitness in humans. After reviewing contemporary scientific thinking on intelligence, the psychometric methods used for the construction of psychological tests are presented and examined in the context of natural selection and metric characters. There are essential differences between the disciplines of genetics and psychology such that the concepts of the two are more divergent than might superficially appear to be the case. The analysis leads to the conclusion that standard psychometric methodology cannot yield tests appropriate for measurement of evolutionary fitness characters.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02259515
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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