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  • Three-dimensional reconstruction  (2)
  • Blood brain barrier  (1)
  • Dyspnoea  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evidence for a constitutive, verapamil-sensitive, non-P-glycoprotein multidrug resistance phenotype in malignant glioma that is unaltered by radiochemotherapy in vivo (2000)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 99 (2000), S. 555-562 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Key words Glioma ; Multidrug resistance ; Chemotherapy ; Endothelial ; Blood brain barrier
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Human malignant gliomas are commonly resistant to chemotherapy. Here, we examined the role of the multidrug resistance (mdr) mechanism in the chemoresistance of these tumors, using a twofold approach: (i) by assessing a possible mdr phenotype before and after chronic drug exposure of glioma cells in vitro, and (ii) by assessing the modulation of expression of the mdr-associated P-glycoprotein (Pgp) using radiotherapy and serial cycles of chemotherapy in human glioblastoma patients in vivo. T98G, and to a lesser degree, LN-229 human malignant glioma cells exhibit a constitutive mdr phenotype as determined by the modulation of dye transport and by the augmentation of chemosensitivity by the mdr antagonist, verapamil. Thus, coexposure to verapamil enhances the cytotoxicity of vincristine, doxorubicin and VM26 in T98G cells and that of vincristine in LN-229 cells. Chronic exposure of the cells to low concentrations of vincristine and doxorubicin, but not VM26, topotecan or BCNU, moderately enhances the mdr-like phenotype, as assessed by drug expulsion assays. However, chronic exposure to increasing drug concentrations does not significantly alter the sensitivity to the respective drugs. These data are consistent with a constitutive, but not drug-inducible, mdr-like drug resistance in glioma cells in vitro. Immunocytochemical analysis of human malignant gliomas in vivo reveals that Pgp expression is more abundant in endothelial cells within the gliomas, than in the glioma cells proper. Importantly, Pgp expression is unaltered by radiochemotherapy, assessed by comparative immunocytochemistry of glioma specimens obtained serially before and after radiochemotherapy. We conclude that (i) glioma cells exhibit constitutive mdr-like drug resistance that is not significantly altered by chronic drug exposure in vitro; (ii) endothelial cells may play an important role in Pgp-mediated drug resistance of gliomas in vivo; (iii) radiotherapy and repeated chemotherapy cycles do not modulate Pgp expression in human malignant gliomas in vivo; (iv) there is preliminary evidence for a non-Pgp, verapamil-sensitive drug transport activity in glioma cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004010051160
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Initial clinical experience with spiral CT and 3D arterial reconstruction in intracranial aneurysms and arteriovenous malformations (1996)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 38 (1996), S. 245-251 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Spiral computed tomography ; Three-dimensional reconstruction ; Intracranial aneurysms ; Arteriovenous malformations
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We studied 32 consecutive patients with known or suspected cerebrovascular abnormalities studied with spiral CT following a intravenous bolus injection of iodinated contrast medium with a power injector. Flow was 3 or 4 ml/s. In an attempt to define the appropriate delay time and scan duration a cranial angio-CT without table increment was performed on 10 patients. Enhancement was measured by manually placed regions of interest within the left middle cerebral artery and the inferior sagittal sinus. All patients except one had intraarterial angiography (DSA) for comparison. In 6 patients with an arteriovenous malformation (AVM) follow-up was possible after one and/or two embolisation procedures. These patients had plain and contrast-enhanced spiral CT. The diagnosis was aneurysm in 9 (8 berry aneurysms, one giant fusiform aneurysm), AVM in 13 (all supratentorial) and traumatic arteriovenous fistula in one. In 9 patients there were no detectable pathological vascular findings. After 3D reconstruction the size (between 5 and 28 mm), location and the relationship to the parent vessel of the aneurysms, the extent of the AVMs and the distribution of the embolisation material could be demonstrated clearly. The main feeding vessel(s), nidus and draining veins were reliably shown. The decreased extent of the AVMs after embolisation was clearly demonstrated. There was no difference in diagnosis when DSA and 3D-CT were compared by two independent radiologists. We consider arterial spiral CT with 3D reconstruction to have the potential of offering important diagnostic information for the treatment of intracranial AVMs and aneurysms.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00596540
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Initial clinical experience with spiral CT and 3D arterial reconstruction in intracranial aneurysms and arteriovenous malformations (1996)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 38 (1996), S. 245-251 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Spiral computed tomography ; Three-dimensional reconstruction ; Intracranial aneurysms ; Arteriovenous malformations
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We studied 32 consecutive patients with known or suspected cerebrovascular abnormalities studied with spiral CT following a intravenous bolus injection of iodinated contrast medium with a power injector. Flow was 3 or 4 ml/s. In an attempt to define the appropriate delay time and scan duration a cranial angio-CT without table increment was performed on 10 patients. Enhancement was measured by manually placed regions of interest within the left middle cerebral artery and the inferior sagittal sinus. All patients except one had intra-arterial angiography (DSA) for comparison. In 6 patients with an arteriovenous malformation (AVM) follow-up was possible after one and/or two embolisation procedures. These patients had plain and contrast-enhanced spiral CT. The diagnosis was aneurysm in 9 (8 berry aneurysms, one giant fusiform aneurysm), AVM in 13 (all supratentorial) and traumatic arteriovenous fistula in one. In 9 patients there were no detectable pathological vascular findings. After 3D reconstruction the size (between 5 and 28 mm), location and the relationship to the parent vessel of the aneurysms, the extent of the AVMs and the distribution of the embolisation material could be demonstrated clearly. The main feeding vessel(s), nidus and draining veins were reliably shown. The decreased extent of the AVMs after embolisation was clearly demonstrated. There was no difference in diagnosis when DSA and 3D-CT were compared by two independent radiologists. We consider arterial spiral CT with 3D reconstruction to have the potential of offering important diagnostic information for the treatment of intracranial AVMs and aneurysms.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00596540
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Arteriovenous haemofiltration: A new and simple method for treatment of over-hydrated patients resistant to diuretics (1977)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 55 (1977), S. 1121-1122 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Niereninsuffizienz ; Diuretika ; Dyspnoe ; Ödeme ; Flüssigkeitsbilanz ; Hämofiltration ; Renal failure ; Diuretics ; Dyspnoea ; Oedema ; Fluid balance ; Haemofiltration
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Fluid withdrawal in over-hydrated patients resistant to diuretics was obtained by means of a capillary haemofilter, using the arterio-venous pressure gradient for blood perfusion at a rate of 100 ml/min. The ultrafiltration rate was 200–600 ml/h and could be maintained as long as 48 h without changing the haemofilter. This method, which needs no technical investment, is easy and simple to handle for the physician, bears only a very low risk for the patient, and ensures a negative fluid balance even at a mean blood pressure of only 60 mm Hg.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Unter Ausnutzung des arteriovenösen Blutdruckgradienten wurden überwässerte Patienten, bei denen eine Ausschwemmung mit Diuretika nicht mehr zu erreichen war, mit einem Kapillarhämofilter entwässert. Mit einer Blutperfusionsrate von 100 ml/min lag die Ultrafiltrationsrate bei 200–600 ml/h und konnte bis zu 48 h ohne Wechsel des Hämofilters aufrechterhalten werden. Der besondere Vorteil der arteriovenösen Hämofiltration liegt in der einfachen Handhabung für den Arzt und dem geringen Risiko für den Patienten im Vergleich zur maschinellen Hämofiltration. Eine technische Investition ist nicht erforderlich. Auch bei Blutdruckwerten um 60 mm Hg ist eine negative Flüssigkeitsbilanz möglich.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01477940
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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