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  • 1
    ISSN: 1439-099X
    Keywords: Key Words: Glioma ; Scintigraphy ; Amino Acid ; SPECT ; Blood brain barrier ; Schlüsselwörter: Gliom ; Szintigraphie ; Aminosäure ; SPECT ; Blut-Hirn-Schranke
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Hintergrund: Die szintigraphische Darstellung der Verteilung des 201Thallium (201T1-SPECT) und der Aminosäure 123I-α-Methyltyrosin (123-I-IMT-SPECT) wird zur Evaluierung von Gliomen eingesetzt. Während die 201T1-Aufnahme analog zum zerebralen Kaliumeinstrom erfolgt, wird 123I-IMT mit Hilfe eines Aminosäurecarriers über die Blut-Hirn-Schranke transportiert. Ziel der Studie war ein Vergleich der Darstellng der Gliomausdehnung mit den beiden Verfahren. Patienten und Methode: 17 Patienten mit malignen Gliomen wurden mit beiden Verfahren untersucht (Astrozytom III: n = 6, Ependymom III: n = 1, Oligodendrogliom III: n = 1, Glioblastom IV: n = 9). Die Schnittbilder wurden anatomisch abgeglichen und die Schicht mit der jeweils maximalen Tumorausdehnung aufgesucht. Die Tumorfläche wurde gemessen und die Tumorausdehnung visuell beurteilt. Ergebnisse: Die Tumorausdehnung stellt sich bei den WHO-III-Tumoren mit 123-I-IMT-SPECT signifikant größer dar als in der 201T1-SPECT (Mittelwert ± Standardabweichung 816 ± 281 Pixels vs. 600 ± 220 Pixels, n = 8, p 〈 0,05, Abbildung 1a), die Größe der Glioblastome war in beiden Untersuchungen vergleichbar (977 ± 571 vs. 1051 ± 588, n = 9, p = 0,57, Abbildung 1b), wobei die visuelle Beurteilung in einigen Fällen regionale Unterschiede der Speicherintensität zeigte. In der Gesamtgruppe ergab sich eine schwache, aber signifikante negative Korrelation zwischen der maximalen 201-T1-Aufnahme einerseits und einem Quotienten aus der mit 123-I-IMT und der mit 201T1 dargestellten Fläche andererseits (n = 17, r = 0,49, p 〈 0,05, Abbildung 2). Somit wurde der Unterschied in der Flächendarstellung mit steigender 201T1-Aufnahme kleiner. Schlussfolgerungen: 123I-IMT-SPECT zeigt bei Gliomen WHO-Grad III eine größere Tumorausdehnung als 201T1-SPECT. Da in früheren Untersuchungen gezeigt wurde, dass in den meisten Fällen eine Störung der Blut-Hirn-Schranke Voraussetzung für die zerebrale 201T1-Akkumulation ist, kann die 123I-IMT-SPECT möglicherweise Tumoranteile darstellen, die keine vermehrte endotheliale Durchlässigkeit aufweisen. Inwiefern diese Zusatzinformation zur Planung einer Operation oder einer Strahlentherapie eingesetzt werden kann, muss in zukünftigen Studien gezeigt werden. Mit steigender Malignität und zunehmender 201T1-Aufnahme nehmen die genannten Vorteile des 123I-IMT ab.
    Notes: Background: Single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) with 201T1 and 123I-α-methyl tyrosine (123I-IMT) are routine methods for the evaluation of brain tumors. 123-I-IMT transport across the blood brain barrier is mediated by an amino acid carrier, 201T1 accumulation is analogous to cerebral potassium uptake. Patients and Methods: To determine the differences in glioma extension as shown by the 2 methods, 17 patients with malignant gliomas were included in this comparative imaging study: astrocytoma III: n = 6, ependymoma III: n = 1, oligodendroglioma III: n = 1, glioblastoma IV: n = 9. The tomographic image sets were matched anatomically and the slices showing maximal tumor extension were identified in both image sets respectively. Tumor spread was compared visually and the tumor extension was quantified. Results: In gliomas WHO III tumor extension was delineated significantly larger by 123I-IMT-SPECT than by 201T1-SPECT (mean ± SD: 816 ± 281 pixels vs 600 ± 220 pixels, n = 8, p 〈 0.05). The size of glioblastomas was shown in a comparable manner by the 2 methods (977 ± 571 vs 1,051 ± 588, n = 9, ns, p = 0.57), but there were considerable regional differences between the area of 201T1 uptake and amino acid retention. In the whole group a weak but significant negative correlation between intensity of 201T1 uptake on the one hand and a ratio of the area as depicted by 123I-IMT vs area as depicted by 201T1 on the other hand, was found (n = 17, r = 0.49, p 〈 0.05). Thus the differences in the delineation of areas became smaller with increasing 201T1 uptake. Conclusions: These preliminary data indicate that the extension of gliomas is depicted differently by the 2 methods. 123I-IMT-SPECT shows a larger tumor extension especially in gliomas WHO III. Since 201T1 uptake has previously been shown to correlate with disruption of the blood brain barrier, 123I-IMT-SPECT may delineate tumor parts without endothelial leakage. This additional information may be helpful in planning surgical or radiation therapy. The advantages of 123I-IMT in this respect decrease with increasing 201T1 uptake and with increasing malignancy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1619-7089
    Keywords: Key words: Cholinergic system ; Muscarinic receptors ; Epilepsy ; Emission tomography
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Animal experiments and preliminary results in humans have indicated alterations of hippocampal muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChR) in temporal lobe epilepsy. Patients with temporal lobe epilepsy often present with a reduction in hippocampal volume. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of hippocampal atrophy on the quantification of mAChR with single photon emission tomography (SPET) in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy. Cerebral uptake of the muscarinic cholinergic antagonist [123I]4-iododexetimide (IDex) was investigated by SPET in patients suffering from temporal lobe epilepsy of unilateral (n=6) or predominantly unilateral (n=1) onset. Regions of interest were drawn on co-registered magnetic resonance images. Hippocampal volume was determined in these regions and was used to correct the SPET results for partial volume effects. A ratio of hippocampal IDex binding on the affected side to that on the unaffected side was used to detect changes in muscarinic cholinergic receptor density. Before partial volume correction a decrease in hippocampal IDex binding on the focus side was found in each patient. After partial volume no convincing differences remained. Our results indicate that the reduction in hippocampal IDex binding in patients with epilepsy is due to a decrease in hippocampal volume rather than to a decrease in receptor concentration.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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