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  • Chemistry  (19)
  • Core-fibrils  (2)
  • Blutliquorschranke  (1)
  • Key words Ectatic leg veins  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 51 (1973), S. 806-809 
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: CSF-immunoglobulins ; CSF-electrophoresis ; brain barrier ; Liquorimmunglobuline ; Liquorelektrophorese ; Blutliquorschranke
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die Immunglobuline G, A und M wurden im Liquor bei 281 Patienten bestimmt. Eine Einteilung des Krankengutes in Fälle mit entzündlichen und nichtentzündlichen Erkrankungen des ZNS erfolgte. Veränderungen der Immunglobuline in verschiedenen Bereichen des Liquorgesamteiweißes wurden verglichen. Bei höheren Gesamteiweißwerten ergab sich eine Vermehrung der Immunglobuline bei nichtentzündlichen Erkrankungen. Ein Zusammenhang dieses Befundes mit Störungen der Blutliquorschranke war anzunehmen im Gegensatz zu Veränderungen der Immunglobuline bei entzündlichen Erkrankungen des ZNS.
    Notes: Summary The immunoglobulins G, A and M in the cerebrospinal fluid were examined in 281 patients. Two groups were studied, namely cases of neurological inflammatory and non-inflammatory diseases of the central nervous system. The changes in the immunoglobulins are compared as regards total protein. It could be shown that by higher levels of total protein the immunoglobulins by non-inflammatory diseases were pathologically changed. This result was discussed in relation to the defects of the brain barrier in contrast to inflammatory changes in the immunoglobulins.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-1173
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Besenreiser ; Sklerotherapie ; Blitzlampengepumpter gepulster Farbstofflaser ; Selektive Photothermolyse ; Key words Ectatic leg veins ; Sclerotherapy ; Flashlamp-pumped pulsed dye laser ; Selective photothermolysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary A new flashlamp-pumped pulsed dye laser with 1,5 ms pulse length and tunable wavelengths between 585 and 600 nm (Candela ScleroPLUS) is now available for the treatment of ectatic leg veins. We evaluated 232 single test treatments using 595 and 600 nm wavelength in 75 test persons. For smaller vessels up to a diameter of 0,5 mm, treatments at 16 and 18 J/cm2 showed good results in 60 and 82% respectively; for vessels up to 1 mm in 27 and 33%. Treatment at 595 nm was a little more effective than at 600 nm. Larger vessels could not be treated effectively. The main side effects consisted in hyper- (34%) or hypopigmentation (30%). Thus, in addition to the usual sclerotherapy, this laser is a useful device for the treatment of leg vein ectasia.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Zur Behandlung kosmetisch störender Besenreiser steht ein neuer blitzlampengepumpter gepulster Farstofflaser mit 1,5 ms Impulsdauer und verschiedenen Wellenlängen zwischen 585 und 600 nm zur Verfügung (Candela ScleroPLUS). Wir evaluierten 232 einmalige Probebehandlungen mit 595 und 600 nm Wellenlänge bei 75 Probanden. Bei kleineren Gefäßen bis 0,5 mm Durchmesser konnte bei Behandlung mit 16 bzw. 18 J/cm2 unter Zusammenfassung beider Wellenlängen in 60 bzw. 82% der Fälle ein zufriedenstellendes Ergebnis erzielt werden, bei Gefäßen bis 1 mm noch in knapp 27 bzw. 33%, wobei bei 595 nm tendenziell bessere Ergebnisse als bei 600 nm beobachtet werden konnten. Bei größeren Gefäßen zeigte sich kein deutlicher Erfolg. Die Nebenwirkungen beschränkten sich im wesentlichen auf Hyper- (34%) und Hypopigmentierungen (30%). Dieser Laser stellt somit eine sinnvolle Ergänzung zur herkömmlichen Sklerosierungstherapie dar.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 264 (1986), S. 1017-1023 
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Keywords: Core-fibrils ; axial density — modulation ; interface distribution functions ; defect clustering
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The axial density modulation of core-fibrils in polypropylene and poly (1butene) crystallized from the oriented melt has been investigated by calculating interface distribution functions of the small angle x-ray scattering. The density modulation along the fiber axis originates from the migration of chain defects in the early stages of crystallization in the shear-field. The lengths of the needle crystals are approximately three times higher than those of the distorted zones. The values of the interface lengths between crystals and zones of lower electron density, are matching well with the lengths of the distorted zones. This result confirms the concept of defect clustering.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 266 (1988), S. 411-418 
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Keywords: Core-fibrils ; crystallization models ; fiber morphology ; X-ray analysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Crystallization models for the formation of core-fibrils crystallized from the oriented melt are discussed by comparing results from X-ray experiments with theoretical predictions. Two sets of polymer blends, the systems iPP/PB-1 and iPP/aPP have been measured. From wide angle X-ray scattering, the thicknesses of the core-fibrils, lattice distortions, and unit-cell parameters have been determined. Interface distribution functions have been used to evaluate the axial morphology of the fibers from meridional small angle X-ray scattering curves. It appears that the morphological predictions made by the crystallization models of Pennings and of Hoffman cannot be confirmed by the experimental findings. The diffusion model proposed by Petermann partially describes the morphological properties of the core-fibrils.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 50 (1993), S. 2163-2171 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The skin-core morphology of injection-molded polypropylene bars has been investigated employing X-ray small-and wide-angle scattering. The small-angle scattering has been evaluated by means of interface distribution functions. It is found that skin and core exhibit different morphologies. In the skin, the crystal lamellae are oriented primarily around the c axis, but a (small) fraction of a*-axis-oriented lamellae also exists. The lamellar thickness in the skin layer measured from the meridional small-angle X-ray scattering shows higher values than in the core. The composition of the monoclinic α1, α2 crystal modifications show dependencies that are typical for the cooling conditions in the mold during injection. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 33 (1993), S. 877-888 
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Blends of isotactic polypropylene with amorphous and slightly crystalline ethylene-propylene-diene terpolymer (EPDM), prepared by solution blending, have been investigated by optical microscopy and differential scanning calorimetry. Nucleation and crystallization kinetic parameters, such as nucleation rates, nucleation half times, Avrami-exponents and spherulitic growth rates, have been determined. It has been found that the dispersion of crystalline EPDM in iPP is different from that of amorphous EPDM. Both EPDMs are incorporated into the spherulites, causing a decrease of the maximum growth rate of the iPP spherulites. The surface free energy of the iPP crystals is diminished on adding EPDM to iPP and is accompanied by a higher secondary nucleation rate. From the decrease observed in the Avrami exponent with increasing EPDM concentration in the blend, it has been concluded that nucleation becomes predominantly heterogeneous, as there is a proportional increase in the interfacial area between the two components.
    Additional Material: 21 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 59 (1996), S. 1891-1896 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The crystallization behavior of an isotactic polypropylene/linear low-density polyethylene blend (PP/LLDPE) that is modified with styrene-ethylene/butylene-styrene triblock copolymer (SEBS) has been investigated using differential thermoanalysis and polarization microscopy. SEBS, which enhances the impact resistance of the blend, has an effect on both the nucleation and crystallization kinetics of the polypropylene component. Nucleation half times, nucleation densities, and spherulite growth rates are influenced by the presence of the copolymer. It is found that SEBS, depending on its concentration in the blend, increases the adhesion between matrix and PE domains and acts simultaneously as the matrix reinforcer. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 74 (1978), S. 147-164 
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: The phase-structure of high impact polypropylene (HIPP) has been investigated using X-ray wide-angle and small-angle techniques. The results are compared with structural data obtained by measuring the correspondent homopolymers. The WAXS-curves show that the polyethylene and polypropylene building up the HIPP are built in separate crystals. The SAXS-curves make clear, that the PE- as well as PP-crystals stack together in separated superstructural regions. Theoretical calculations of the SAXS-curves employing the “stapel”-model yield structure parameters characterising the superstructures of both phases. The temperature dependence of the superstructure parameters of both phases shows clearly, that the crystals melt according to a model proposed by Kilian. A comparison of the superstructure data of the HIPP with those of the investigated homopolymers shows, that the phases of the HIPP are separated to an extent allowing both the PE and PP phase to crystallize undisturbed like in the homopolymer.
    Notes: Die Phasenstruktur einer schlagzähen Polypropylenprobe (HIPP) wird mit Hilfe von Röntgenweit-und Kleinwinkelstreuung untersucht. Die Ergebnisse werden mit Strukturdaten verglichen, die an parallel untersuchten Polyethylen-und Polypropylen-Homopolymeren erhalten werden. Die Röntgenweitwinkelstreukurven zeigen, daß das Polyethylen und Polypropylen im HIPP in getrennte Kristalle eingebaut wird. Aus den Röntgenkleinwinkelstreukurven wird deutlich, daß sich die PE-und PP-Kristalle in getrennten Überstrukturbereichen zusammenlagern. Berechnungen der Röntgenkleinwinkelstreukurven mit dem Stapelmodell ergeben Strukturparameter, mit denen die Üerstrukturen der beiden Komponenten charakterisiert werden können. Die Temperaturabhängigkeiten der Überstrukturparameter zeigen, daß die Kristalle sowohl in der PF-wie auch in der PP-Komponente größensekutiv entsprechend einem Modell von Kilian aufschmelzen. Der Vergleich der Überstrukturdaten des HIPP mit denen der Homopolymeren zeigt, daß die beiden Komponenten des HIPP so weitgehend entmischt sind, daß sie wie im Homopolymeren kristallisieren können. Bei gleicher Vorbehandlung der Proben entstehen daher sowohl im HIPP als auch in den Homopolymeren nahezu identische Überstrukturen.
    Additional Material: 15 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 192 (1991), S. 85-99 
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Blends of isotactic poly(propylene) (iPP) and trans-polyoctenylene (TOR), prepared from solution, exhibit unexpected mechanical properties at specific mass fractions of TOR: While generally the elastic modulus E decreases continuously with increasing TOR content, it surpasses a maximum for mass fractions of TOR around 0,10. The reason for this behaviour is investigated. It turns out that the crystallinity as well as the crystal morphology (which is investigated by evaluating small-angle X-ray scattering by interface distribution functions) does not explain the mechanical behaviour. The order of the lamellar stacks (number of orientation-correlated crystals) proves to be well correlated with the course of the elastic modulus. This order is a consequence of the increasing dispersion of TOR at mass fractions between 0,075 and 0,20 creating interfaces and infecting subsequently the crystallization conditions in the sample.
    Additional Material: 14 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 192 (1991), S. 191-199 
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The crystallization kinetics of thin films of isotactic poly(propylene) (iPP) and transpolyoctenylene rubber (TOR) was investigated by optical microscopy. Nucleation densities, Avrami exponents and spherulitic growth rates show specific dependencies on the concentration of TOR in the blend. From the results it is concluded, that at a mass fraction of TOR wTOR = 0,10 the TOR is more finely dispersed in the blend than for other compositions. Due to the subsequent formation of interfaces, the nucleation is found to be predominantly heterogeneous at wTOR = 0,10, while it is preferentially homogeneous at all other compositions.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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