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  • enthalpy of dissolution  (3)
  • CGH  (2)
  • Mass spectrometry  (2)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Investigation of salt — Mixed solvent systems. XXXVII. Crystallization enthalpy of lithium chloride in mixed solvent systems (1990)
    Springer
    Journal of solution chemistry 19 (1990), S. 437-446 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8927
    Keywords: Acetone ; enthalpy of crystallization ; enthalpy of dissolution ; enthalpy of transition ; ion-solvent interaction ; lithium chloride ; methanol ; N,N-dimethylformamide ; solvation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The crystallization enthalpy of LiCl at 25°C in LiCl-H2O-cosolvent systems is determined calorimetrically as a function of the cosolvent content in the mixed solvent. This parameter is used for the investigation of heat phenomena accompanying the solvation of the salt in a saturated solution. The cosolvents employed include methanol, acetone, and N,N-dimethylformamide. The most pronounced change is effected by replacement of water with N,N-dimethylformamide.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00650376
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Investigations of salt — Mixed solvent systems XXXVIII. Crystallization enthalpy of magnesium chloride in mixed solvent systems (1990)
    Springer
    Journal of solution chemistry 19 (1990), S. 447-455 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8927
    Keywords: Acetone ; enthalpy of crystallization ; enthalpy of dissolution ; enthalpy of transition ; ion-solvent interaction ; magnesium chloride ; methanol ; N,N-dimethylformamide ; solvation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The crystallization enthalpies of MgCl2 in MgCl2−H2O-cosolvent systems at 25°C were determined calorimetrically as a function of the cosolvent content in the mixed solvent. Methanol, acetone, and N,N-dimethylformamide were employed as cosolvents. The results show the individual cosolvents to have very differently influences on the energy state of the salt in the saturated solution. The most pronounced changes are effected by an increase of the DMF content in the mixed solvent. The intensity of Mg2+-DMF interaction at a higher DMF content in the saturated solution considerably exceeds the Li+-DMF interaction in LiCl solutions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00650377
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Enthalpy of crystallization of lithium chloride from aqueous solution at 25°C (1986)
    Springer
    Journal of solution chemistry 15 (1986), S. 269-282 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8927
    Keywords: Activity coefficients ; enthalpy of crystallization ; enthalpy of dissolution ; enthalpy of formation ; lithium chloride ; solubility
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The enthalpies of crystallization of LiCl and LiCl·H2O from aqueous solutions at 25°C are reported as measured by a calorimetric method and derived from the previously published concentration dependence of the enthalpy of solution data. The results are compared with those obtained from the concentration dependence of activity coefficients and from the temperature dependence of solubilities.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00646695
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Determination of nitric oxide metabolites by means of the Griess assay and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry in the cavernous and systemic blood of healthy males and patients with erectile dysfunction during different functional conditions of the penis (2000)
    Springer
    Urological research 28 (2000), S. 364-369 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-0879
    Keywords: Key words Nitric oxide metabolites ; Erectile dysfunction ; Griess reaction ; Gas chromatography ; Mass spectrometry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Recent research implicated that the relaxation of cavernous arterial and trabecular smooth muscle – the crucial event in penile erection – is initiated by the release of nitric oxide (NO) from nerve terminals within the cavernous tissue as well as from the endothelia that line the lacunar spaces and the intima of penile arteries. The present study was undertaken to determine whether plasma levels of the NO metabolites nitrate (NO− 3) and nitrite (NO− 2) in the systemic and cavernous blood of male subjects change during different penile conditions, and whether there is a difference in the NO− 3 and NO− 2 levels of normal males and patients with erectile dysfunction (ED). Twenty-four potent adult male volunteers and 15 patients with ED were exposed to visual and tactile erotic stimuli in order to elicit penile tumescence and, in the group of healthy volunteers, rigidity. Whole blood was aspirated from the corpus cavernosum and the cubital vein, and NO− 3 and NO− 2 levels were determined in plasma aliquots by means of the Griess reaction and a method combining gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The mean systemic and cavernous plasma NO3 −/NO2 − level in blood samples obtained from the healthy volunteers was 25–31 μM when determined by means of the Griess reaction and 37–41 μM when measured by GC-MS. Both approaches revealed that NO3 −/NO2 − levels in the peripheral and cavernous blood do not change appreciably during developing erection, rigidity and detumescence. Moreover, no significant differences were found between NO3 −/NO2 − plasma levels in the systemic and cavernous blood samples taken from the normal subjects and patients during penile flaccidity, tumescence and detumescence. Our results may reflect the fact that NO metabolism in the corpora cavernosa in the phases of penile tumescence and rigidity may account for only a minor fraction of local levels of NO3 − and NO2 −, which may also derive from exogenous sources. Moreover, the basal levels of NO metabolites in the blood flushing the lacunar spaces of the cavernous body in the state of developing erection could conceal any release of NO that may occur within the penile tissue. Thus, we conclude that the quantification of NO metabolites by means of advanced detection methods, such as GC-MS, is of no use in the workup of ED.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002400000141
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Olfactory neuroblastoma: Detection of genomic imbalances by comparative genomic hybridization (1997)
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 139 (1997), S. 839-844 
    Details
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Olfactory neuroblastoma ; CGH ; molecular genetic abnormalities
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Olfactory neuroblastoma (esthesioneuroblastoma) is a very rare tumour of the olfactory mucosa. Morphological features and cytogenetic studies strongly suggest a neuro-ectodermal origin. Up to now, cytogenetic studies are inconsistent. Some of them have proposed that the tumour belongs to the pPNET family. In the present study we describe genomic imbalances in olfactory neuroblastoma in a 46-year-old woman by using the molecular cytogenetic technique — comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) — in order to define the spectrum of genetic abnormalities in the tumour. The anatomical location and morphological findings were the basis for the diagnosis of esthesioneuroblastoma. Immunohistochemical reactions for NSE, synaptophysin, chromogranin A, HNK-l/Leu-7 and S-100 revealed a characteristic immunophenotype. The CGH analysis showed multiple changes including DNA overrepresentations of chromosomes 4. 8, 11 and 14, partial DNA gains of the long arms of chromosomes 1 and 17, deletions of the entire chromosomes 16, 18. 19 and X, and partial losses of chromosomes 5q and 17p. This study represents an early utilisation of the CGH technique in olfactory neuroblastoma and demonstrates that the tumour carries complex chromosomal aberrations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01411401
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analyseprogramm zur quantitativen Erfassung chromosomaler Aberrationen mittels komparativer genomischer Hybridisierung (CGH)*** (1996)
    Springer
    Der Pathologe 17 (1996), S. 342-348 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1963
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Komparative genomische Hybridisierung ; CGH ; Bildanalyse ; FISH ; Key words Comparative genomic hybridization ; CGH ; Image analysis ; Tumour cytogenetics ; FISH
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) is a molecular cytogenetic method for the detection of chromosomal imbalances between a tumor and a normal genome. In order to produce quantitative and reproducible results, we developed an image analysis program that allows the detection and mapping of the genetic alterations. The result is represented as a CGH sum karyogram in which the genetic changes are documented as color coded-chromosomes. The aim of our investigation is to correlate the genotype with the phenotype on the basis of CGH sum karyograms and thus to achieve a genetic characterization that will supplement the morphological tumor description.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Die komparative genomische Hybridisierung („comparative genomic hybridization“, CGH) ist ein molekularzytogenetisches Verfahren, welches die umfassende Analyse eines Tumorgenoms auf Über- und Unterrepräsentationen von DNA-Abschnitten ermöglicht. Um quantitative und reproduzierbare Aussagen über die genetischen Aberrationen machen zu können, wurde eine Software entwickelt, welche die objektive Erfassung von Ort und Art der Veränderungen ermöglicht. Das Ergebnis wird in Form eines CGH-Summenkaryogramms dargestellt, welches die genetischen Veränderungen als farbkodierte Chromosomen dokumentiert. Ziel dieser Untersuchungen ist es, auf der Grundlage von Summen-Karyogrammen eine Korrelation zwischen Genotyp und Phänotyp herzustellen und damit eine genetische Charakterisierung von Tumoren zu erreichen, die die morphologische Beschreibung ergänzt.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002920050171
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stoffwechselprodukte von Mikroorganismen (1976)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 107 (1976), S. 143-160 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: New nucleoside-peptide antibiotic ; Chitin biosynthesis ; Structure elucidation ; Mass spectrometry ; Streptomyces tendae
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Der Streptomycet Tü 901, Streptomyces tendae, bildet ein antifungisch wirkendes Nukleosid-Antibioticum, Nikkomycin. Als Angriffsort kommt die Chitinsynthese in Frage. Mit Hilfe der Massenspektrometrie und des chemischen Abbaus konnten Uracil, eine Aminohexuronsäure und eine neue, einen Pyridinring enthaltende Aminosäure nachgewiesen werden.
    Notes: Abstract From the fermentation broth of Streptomyces tendae Tü 901 a substance was isolated, which inhibits the growth of several fungi. The new antibiotic affects the chitchin biosynthesis. Its structure was identified by mass spectrometry of the products obtained after chemical degradation. Nikkomycin is a nucleoside-peptide antibiotic consisting of uracil, an amino hexuronic acid and a new amino acid containing a pyridin ring.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00446834
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