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  • disorder  (2)
  • CO2 recycling  (1)
  • Crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM)  (1)
  • Electron transport rate through photosystem II  (1)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of statistical physics 75 (1994), S. 135-151 
    ISSN: 1572-9613
    Keywords: Resistor networks ; hierarchical lattices ; disorder ; probability distributions
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The self-averaging properties of the conductanceg are explored in random resistor networks (RRN) with a broad distribution of bond strengthsP(g)∼g μ−1. The RRN problem is cast in terms of simple combinations of random variables on hierarchical lattices. Distributions of equivalent conductances are estimated numerically on hierarchical lattices as a function of sizeL and the distribution tail strength parameter μ. For networks above the percolation threshold, convergence to a Gaussian basin is always the case, except in the limit μ→0. Adisorder length ξD is identified, beyond which the system is effectively homogeneous. This length scale diverges as ξD∼∣µ∣−v (ν is the regular percolation correlation length exponent) when the microscopic distribution of conductors is exponentially wide (μ→0). This implies that exactly the same critical behavior can be induced by geometrical disorder and by strong bond disorder with the bond occupation probabilityp↔μ. We find that only lattices at the percolation threshold have renormalized probability distributions in aLevy-like basin. At the percolation threshold the disorder length diverges at a critical tail strength µc as ∣µ−∣−z withz∼3.2±0.1, a new exponent.Critical path analysis is used in a generalized form to give the macroscopic conductance in the case of lattices abovep c.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 0931-1890
    Keywords: Key words Chlorophyll a fluorescence ; Clusia ; Crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) ; Electron transport rate through photosystem II ; Malate decarboxylation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract  Changes in chlorophyll a fluorescence during the day and diurnal-changes of net CO2-exchange and organic acid contents were determined in two species of the genus Clusia during the dry season in Venezuela. The investigations included plants of the C3/CAM intermediate species Clusia minor and the C3 species C. multiflora growing at exposed and shaded sites. Both species showed a C3 pattern of net CO2-exchange at the exposed site. In the shade under extreme drought stress C. minor showed a weak expression of CAM without CO2-uptake during the afternoon (phase IV of CAM). C. multiflora growing in the shade exhibited a C3-pattern of net CO2-exchange and a small but significant nocturnal accumulation of citrate. Shaded plants of C. minor were able to double their light utilisation for electron transport and to reduce non-photochemical quenching during phase III compared to phase II of CAM. Furthermore, increase of electron transport rate through photosystem II in phase III of CAM is correlated to decarboxylation of malate. At the exposed site C. multiflora was less negatively affected by high PPFD than C. minor. This was shown by a lower reduction of potential electron quantum yield (Fv/Fm) and higher light utilisation of electron transport of C. multiflora compared to C. minor. At the exposed site C. minor did not make use of the CAM option to increase light utilisation of electron transport and to reduce non-photochemical quenching as did the plants growing in the shade.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Keywords: °13C value ; Tropical forests ; CO2 recycling
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The variability of δ13C values was measured in leaf, stem and root tissues of several tree species growing in closed natural and plantation forests in the Luquillo mountains of Puerto Rico. Results confirm a significant decrease of δ13C values from the tree canopy to the forest floor. The values measured in understory plants growing in gaps were not significantly different from the average for plants growing under the forest shade. Seedling leaf values tended to be more positive than those of saplings, probably reflecting the contribution of organic matter from the mother tree. Photosynthetic independence on the forest floor results in a reduction in °13C value. Stem and root tissue values of seedlings and saplings were less negative than those of the leaves of the same plants. It is suggested that this difference results from the slower change in isotopic composition experienced by the woody tissue, as the seedlings become photosynthetically independent in the forest floor.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of statistical physics 71 (1993), S. 967-980 
    ISSN: 1572-9613
    Keywords: Directed polymers ; hierarchical lattices ; disorder ; moments
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract We prove the moments of the directed polymer partition function GZ, using an exact position space renormalization group scheme on a hierarchical lattice. After sufficient iteration the characteristic functionf(n)=ln〈GZn〉 of the probability ℘(Z) converges to a stable limitf *(n). For smalln the limiting behavior is independent of the initial distribution, while for largen,f *(n) is completely determined by it and is thus nonuniversal. There is a smooth crossover between the two regimes for small effective dimensions, and the nonlinear behavior of the small moments can be used to extract information on the universal scaling properties of the distribution. For large effective dimensions there is a sharp transition between the two regimes, and analytical continuation from integer moments ton→0 is not possible. Replica arguments can account for most features of the observed results.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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