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  • blood pressure  (3)
  • propranolol  (2)
  • Carbamazepine
  • Drug treatment of hypertension
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Haben ACE-Hemmer und Calciumantagonisten die Therapie der Hypertonie verbessert? (1988)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 66 (1988), S. 920-923 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: ACE-inhibitors ; Calcium antagonists ; Beta-blockers ; Diuretics ; Drug treatment of hypertension
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE)-inhibitors combined with diuretics and, if necessary, with calcium antagonists can be used with good success for the treatment of otherwise resistant hypertension. Calcium antagonists are an alternative for physically active hypertensive patients who complain of muscular fatigue during treatment with beta-receptor-blocking agents. The calcium antagonist nifedipine has made the treatment of hypertensive emergencies much easier than with the use of clonidine and particularly sodium nitroprusside. In order to determine the place of ACE-inhibitors and of calcium antagonists in the treatment of hypertension-particularly in comparison with beta-blockers and diuretics- controlled long-term studies on the prognosis of patients with mild to moderate hypertension and on the incidence of side effects would be required.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01728955
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Plasma dopamine-β-hydroxylase activity and the pressor effect of dopamine infusion in man (1976)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 10 (1976), S. 197-200 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Dopamine-β-hydroxylase ; dopamine infusion ; blood pressure ; plasma ; man ; inter-individual variation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary In order to study the function of dopamine-β-hydroxylase (DBH) in human plasma, dopamine, its natural substrate, was infused intravenously in 22 healthy volunteers. Their plasma DBH activities showed great interindividual variations (31–301 units/ml). The infusion rates of dopamine required to increase systolic blood pressure (BP) by 30 mm Hg differed considerably between the subjects, and ranged from 3,0 to 11,6 µg/kg/min. No correlation could be shown between the various dopamine doses and individual plasma levels of DBH. It was concluded, therefore, that plasma DBH in the blood stream was enzymatically inactive. Experiments with human plasma DBH in vitro also support this interpretation. Consequently, interindividual differences in the effects on BP during dopamine infusion cannot be due to pressor effects of noradrenaline synthesized by plasma DBH.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00558329
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of acute and long-term beta-adrenoceptor blockade with propranolol on haemodynamics, plasma catecholamines and renin in essential hypertension (1982)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 23 (1982), S. 377-382 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: propranolol ; essential hypertension ; acute and chronic treatment ; haemodynamic effects ; plasma renin ; plasma catecholamines
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The effect of an acute intravenous and repeated oral doses of propranolol on haemodynamics, plasma and urinary catecholamines and plasma renin activity was studied in patients with essential hypertension. Intravenous injection of propranolol 5 mg produced a fall in cardiac output but had no consistent effect on blood pressure. Treatment with oral propranolol for 24 weeks lowered cardiac output and blood pressure; total peripheral resistance did not differ from the pretreatment values. Neither acute intravenous nor chronic oral administration of the beta-blocker affected the resting plasma levels of noradrenaline and adrenaline. Long-term treatment with propranolol reduced urinary excretion of vanilmandelic acid without affecting urinary catecholamine excretion. Acute intravenous injection of propranolol decreased plasma renin activity less than did chronic oral treatment with the drug. The observed time course of plasma renin activity was compatible with the view that suppression of this enzyme contributed to the antihypertensive effect of propranolol.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00605985
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pharmacokinetics of verapamil in patients with renal failure (1985)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 28 (1985), S. 405-410 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: verapamil ; renal failure ; norverapamil ; pharmacokinetics ; haemodialysis ; ECG ; blood pressure ; heart rate
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The pharmacokinetics of verapamil was studied in patients with end-stage chronic renal failure and in normal subjects after i.v. injection of 3 mg and a single oral dose of 80 mg. Plasma levels of verapamil and its active metabolite norverapamil were measured by HPLC. After i.v. injection, the terminal phase half-life and total plasma clearance of verapamil in both groups were similar. Haemodialysis did not change the time course of plasma verapamil levels after i.v. administration. After a single oral dose, the plasma levels of verapamil and norverapamil in both groups of subjects were similar. Subsequently, normal volunteers and patients with renal failure were treated for 5 days with oral verapamil 80 mg t.d.s. There was no difference between the 2 groups of subjects in the trough and peak levels of verapamil or of norverapamil. Intravenous and oral administration of the calcium channel blocking agent had similar effects on blood pressure, heart rate and the PR-interval in the electrocardiogram in both groups. The study demonstrated that the disposition of verapamil was similar in normal subjects and in patients with renal failure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00544358
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of physical exercise on the pharmacokinetics of propranolol (1986)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 31 (1986), S. 375-377 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: propranolol ; pharmacokinetics ; exercise ; indocyanine green clearance ; bioavailability
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The pharmacokinetics of propranolol after oral and intravenous administration was studied at rest and on an exercise day in 8 healthy subjects. On the exercise day the subjects performed physical exercise for 7 h, consisting of bicycle ergometer exercise at 50% of maximal work capacity and outdoor walking. Propranolol (80 mg p.o., or 0.2 mg/kg body weight i.v.) was administered 30 min before the start of the exercise. After oral administration the terminal phase halflife, (t1/2β) and area under the curve (AUC) were both significantly reduced on the exercise day compared to the rest day. The bioavailability of propranolol was reduced by prolonged physical exercise and plasma levels of propranolol were about 30% lower at the end of the exercise day than at the end of the rest day. After intravenous administration, t1/2β was also reduced on the exercise day as compared to the rest day. AUC, clearance and volume of distribution did not differ on the two days. On the other hand, indocyanine green (ICG) clearance was significantly reduced during the bicycle ergometry periods on the exercise day. The combination of reduced ICG clearance, suggesting a reduction in hepatic blood flow, and a decreased t1/2β and unchanged clearance of propranolol on the exercise day was unexpected.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00981142
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Total and free steady-state plasma levels and pharmacokinetics of nifedipine in patients with terminal renal failure (1989)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 37 (1989), S. 185-189 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: nifedipine ; renal failure ; pharmacokinetics ; protein binding ; blood pressure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The total and free steady-state plasma levels of nifedipine in patients with renal failure have been compared with those in subjects with normal renal function. Studies were done after administration of nifedipine 10 mg t.d.s. p.o. for 5 days, after i.v. infusion of 4·4 mg, and after a single 10 mg oral dose. The systemic clearance of nifedipine after a single i.v.-dose was higher in subjects with renal insufficiency (854 ml/min) than in those with normal renal function (468 ml/min). After the single oral dose the AUC (6100 ng·min·ml−1) and maximum plasma concentration (75.0 ng·ml−1) were lower than in subjects with normal renal function (19300 ng·ml−1; 122 ng·ml−1). The plasma protein binding of nifedipine averaged 95.5% in normal subjects and 94.8% in patients with renal failure. Although free and total steady-state plasma levels of nifedipine tended to be somewhat lower than normal in renal failure, the changes in pharmacokinetics and decreased protein binding of nifedipine did not result in a significantly different steady-state plasma level of the drug. The blood pressure response to a given plasma nifedipine level appeared to be enhanced in renal failure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00558229
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Plasma protein binding of drugs (1986)
    Springer
    Pharmacy world & science 8 (1986), S. 302-304 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-739X
    Keywords: Blood specimen collection ; Carbamazepine ; Dialysis ; Digitoxin ; Lipolysis ; Protein binding ; Therapeutic drug monitoring ; Ultrafiltration
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02280056
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