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  • Chemical Engineering  (6)
  • Life and Medical Sciences  (3)
  • Micropuncture  (2)
  • Ritanserin  (2)
  • classification  (2)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Slow wave sleep and 5-HT2 receptor sensitivity in generalised anxiety disorder: a pilot study with ritanserin (1992)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 108 (1992), S. 387-389 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Anxiety ; Slow wave sleep ; Ritanserin ; 5-HT2 receptor
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Eight patients with generalised anxiety disorder (GAD) and eight matched healthy controls had their polysomnogram measured on two occasions separated by 1 week. On one occasion they received the 5-HT2 receptor antagonist, ritanserin (5 mg orally) and on the other matching placebo. The increase in slow wave sleep produced by ritanserin was the same in GAD patients as in healthy controls. These findings do not support the hypothesis that GAD is associated with a generalised hypersensitivity of brain 5-HT2 receptors; however, the present data cannot exclude the presence of a regionally specific change in this receptor subtype in anxiety disorders.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02245128
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Renal and single-nephron function is comparable in thiobutabarbitone- and thiopentone-anaesthetised rats (1993)
    Springer
    Pflügers Archiv 424 (1993), S. 224-230 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: Rat ; Renal function ; Micropuncture ; Blood gases ; Anaesthesia ; Thiopentone ; Thiobutabarbitone
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The thiobutabarbitone(TB, Inactin)-anaesthetised rat is an extremely widely used preparation for the study of renal function at the whole-organ and nephron levels. The recent withdrawal of TB from the market has made it essential to find an anaesthetic producing experimental conditions as similar as possible to TB to allow comparison of past and future data. Blood gas analysis, clearance and micropuncture studies were therefore performed in rats anaesthetised with TB or the related thiobarbiturate thiopentone (TP) (both 100 mg/ kg body weight) to establish whether the latter meets this requirement. Both barbiturates caused similar transient respiratory depression and acidosis. Mean values (TP versus TB) over the total 8-h observation period for glomerular filtration rate (0.94 versus 1.05 ml/min), urine flow (3.8 versus 4.4 μl/min) and K+ excretion (0.98 versus 1.18 μmol/min) were slightly lower (P〈0.05) in TP rats, whereas renal blood flow (6.26 versus 6.24 ml/min), filtration fraction (0.31 versus 0.34) and Na+ excretion (0.11 versus 0.098 μmol/min) did not differ. The single-nephron filtration rate (SNGFR) (42.1 versus 41.1 nl/min) and fractional reabsorption (42% versus 47%), both measured in the proximal tubule, did not differ, although in the TP group SNGFR rose with time (4.4%/h) whereas the fractional reabsorption did not change significantly; in the TB group SNGFR was constant but fractional reabsorption declined with time (1.5%/h). Fractional reabsorption up to the distal convoluted tubule declined with time, this was more pronounced in the TP group. SNGFR measured at this site did not differ between TP and TB (30.3 versus 30.1 nl/min) but increased with time with TP (2.7%/h). Although renal function under TP is somewhat less stable than under TB, the differences are minor and, given that the latter is also characterised by non-steady-state conditions, it is concluded that TP is a reasonable replacement for TB.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00384346
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dose-related effects of selective 5-HT2 receptor antagonists on slow wave sleep in humans (1990)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 101 (1990), S. 568-569 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Slow wave sleep ; 5-HT2/1c receptor ; Ritanserin ; ICI 169,369 ; Home sleep recordings
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The effects of the selective 5-HT2 receptor antagonists, ritanserin (1, 5 and 10 mg) and ICI 169,369 (50 and 100 mg), were studied on the sleep EEG of healthy volunteers using home-based Medilog 9000 cassette monitoring. Ritanserin (5 and 10 mg) produced a significant increase in slow wave sleep (SWS) while ICI 169,369 also increased SWS but only at a dose of 100 mg. These findings are consistent with the proposal that selective 5-HT2 receptor blockade increases SWS in humans; however, the data cannot exclude involvement of the closely related 5-HT1c receptor in this effect.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02244239
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Micropuncture studies on the renal handling of 2,4-diamino-6,7-dimethylpteridine (1979)
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 306 (1979), S. 287-293 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Keywords: 2.4-diamino-6.7-dialkylpteridine ; Diuretics ; Micropuncture ; Tubular transport ; Rat kidney
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The excretion of the diuretic substance DADMP (2.4-diamino-6.7-dimethylpteridine) and of DMP (6.7-dimethylpterin) was studied on single nephrons of the rat kidney using microperfusion and microinjection techniques. In the proximal tubule only DADMP was reabsorbed to a significant degree. Fractional reabsorption rate was independent of the load applied and the permeability constant was found to be 2.2·10−4 cm·s−1. Similar results were obtained in nephrons in which the substances, with inulin, were injected from middle proximal tubular puncture sites and recovered in the urine. DMP appeared in the urine quantitatively and simultaneously with the injected inulin. DADMP recovery, however, was only 20–30% of the injected load during the injection period and after 2 h some 70% was recovered from the urine of both kidneys. The reabsorbed fractions were independent of the loads applied, which varied between 2·10−13 mol·min−1 and 10−9 mol·min−1. A comparison of the microperfusion and the microinfusion data suggests that the reabsorption of DADMP occurs predominantly in the proximal convolution, and it appears that the differences between the renal handling of DMP and DADMP are explicable by their different lipid solubilities.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00507116
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Regionalization in geology by multivariate classification (1990)
    Springer
    Mathematical geology 22 (1990), S. 573-588 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8868
    Keywords: classification ; regionalization ; Bayes' theorem ; geostatistics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract The concept of multivariate classification of “geological objects” can be combined with the concept of regionalized variables to yield a procedure for typification of geological objects, such as rock units, well records, or samples. Numerical classification is followed by subdivision of the area of investigation, and culminates in a regionalization or mapping of the classification onto the plane. Regions are subdivisions of the map area which are spatially contiguous and relatively homogeneous in their geological properties. The probability of correct classification of each point within a region as being part of that region can be assessed in terms of Bayesian probability as a space-dependent function. The procedure is applied to subsurface data from western Kansas. The geologic properties used are quantitative variables, and relationships are expressed by Mahalanobis' distances. These functions could be replaced by other metrics if qualitative or binary data derived from geological descriptions or appraisals were included in the analysis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00890505
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The influence of sampling method on the classification of wetland macroinvertebrate communities (1993)
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 257 (1993), S. 47-56 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: macroinvertebrates ; sampling methods ; wetlands ; classification
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Macroinvertebrate communities sampled by a corer, plankton net and sweep net from five wetlands on the Swan Coastal Plain were compared. The composition of the fauna collected in sweeps and tows was generally similar and differed from that collected in the cores. Cores caught fewer species than tows and sweeps at all wetlands and did not capture fast swimming hemipterans or less abundant taxa. The highest species richness was recorded in sweep samples in four out of the five wetlands. Classification (TWIN-SPAN) and ordination (SSH) of the samples collected in sweeps and tows gave good separation of the wetlands, whereas classification of core samples did not. Coring appeared to be the least suitable sampling method for describing the major components of the macroinvertebrate communities of these wetlands. Plankton tows were useful if the time available for sorting was limited as these samples were free of sediments and generally gave similar results to those obtained with sweeps. Sweeps appeared to be the most useful method for a large classification study as they collected more species and resulted in the best discrimination amongst wetlands.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00013996
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mean weights of chick embryos correlated with the stages of Hamburger and Hamilton (1968)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 124 (1968), S. 79-82 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: A total of 1125 normal chick embryos, representing 25 each of the 45 stages of Hamburger and Hamilton, were removed, fixed in Bouin's solution, stored in 70% ethanol and weighed with a semi-micro analytical balance. Entire blastoderms of stages 1-8 were weighed, whereas only embryos-proper were weighed in stages 9-45. As a consequence, results constituted two groups, each of which showed a geometric rate of growth marked only by minor deviations which were related to specific events of normal growth and development.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1051240105
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gross error detection when variance-covariance matrices are unknown (1993)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 39 (1993), S. 1335-1341 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Equations introduced here identify measurement biases and process leaks, when gross errors exist in measured process variables and the variance-covariance matrix of the measurements, Σ, is unknown. Σ is estimated by the sample variance, S, using process data.For an unknown Σ, the global test statistic is the well-known Hotelling T2 statistic. Its power function has a noncentral F-distribution. For component tests used for specific identification of measurement biases and nodal leaks, two tests are presented with Σ unknown. The first test is independent of the number of component tests, k, and is given by a statistic with an F-distribution. The second test depends on k and has a student t-distribution. The power functions for both component tests are provided. Process examples and a Monte Carlo simulation study presented demonstrate the use and performance of these statistical equations in identifying biases and process leaks.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690390810
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Unbiased estimation of gross errors in process measurements (1992)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 38 (1992), S. 563-572 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A new approach to gross error detection provides unbiased estimates and 100(1-α)% simultaneous confidence intervals of process variables when biased process measurements and process leaks exist. Presented in this article are estimation equations for process variables, as well as equations that help identify biased measurements and process leaks. These equations include the power function for a global test, and two types of α-level component tests and their power functions. Important strengths and weaknesses of this approach are compared to those of the serial compensation strategy, in particular, by varying the significance level (α), the variance-covariance matrix (Σ), the size of measurement bias (δ), the number of biased variables, and the sample size (N). Accuracy of δ estimation and performance in detecting the presence of process leaks (γ) are also evaluated and compared. The proposed approach has unique features that can provide a basis for improving the reconciliation of variables in process operations.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690380410
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fractionating condensation and evaporation in plate-fin devices (1986)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 32 (1986), S. 1116-1124 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A model that describes fractionation with condensation and evaporation in a plate-fin device has been formulated. It is capable of evaluating profiles of composition, temperature, and flow rate for both liquid and vapor streams in an extended surface device. The device may be adiabatic or nonadiabatic and the surface may be incompletely wetted. Compared to experimental measurements, the model predictions showed ± 1 number of transfer unit deviation along the length of the device. The predictions of the top and bottom flow rate ratio showed a 5-10% deviation for adiabatic and condensation runs and a 25% deviation for evaporation runs.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690320708
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