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  • Chemical Engineering  (2)
  • Morphine  (1)
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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Key words Opioid ; Morphine ; Drug utilization
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objective: To investigate the impact of new regulatory measures on opioid consumption in Spain during the period 1985–1998. Methods: A search in the ECOM (Especialidades Consumo de Medicamentos) database of the Ministry of Health was made for the 1985–1998 period. This database contains information about drug preparations prescribed in primary care in the National Health System in Spain. Results: Since 1985–1998, the overall opioid consumption has increased tenfold, from 94.7 DDD (defined daily dose) per million inhabitants per day to more than 1000 DDD. For the five drugs that require a special prescription form (morphine, methadone, pethidine, tilidine and fentanyl), the consumption has increased 13.5-fold. Conclusion: A huge increase in opioid consumption has occurred. In this increase, changes in supply and, to a lesser extent, regulatory measures have played an important role.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 43 (1997), S. 1469-1479 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Fast circulating fluidized-bed reactors are used for many applications, both in riser and downer modes. Typical resisdence times are in the order of a few hundreds of milliseconds. A good understanding of initial gas-solids contact must be reached to realize the full potential of such reactors. Effective and stable gas-solids mixing chambers were identified from the singals of simple and robust probes, which could be used in industrial and pilot plants. Criteria based on cross correlation or Hurst analysis provided consistent results. Although this study used simplified momentum probes, the criteria it developed can be applied to the signal of any fast-response sensor which is affected by local hydrodynamics. Temperature, capacitance, ultrasonic, or γ-ray absorption measurements could be used. Gas or liquid-liquid mixing chambers could also be optimized with the same criteria.
    Additional Material: 19 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 38 (1992), S. 1206-1212 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Inclining a fluidized bed column by as little as 1.5 degrees greatly affects the bed characteristics. The bed contracts, the particle-liquid mass-transfer and heat-transfer coefficients increase by up to 30%, and the gas-liquid mass-transfer coefficient can either be increased by up to 15% or decreased by up to 20%.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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