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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Tests of Predictive Viscosity Models for Pure Liquids (1999)
    Springer
    International journal of thermophysics 20 (1999), S. 815-823 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9567
    Keywords: alkanes ; alkanols ; alkenes ; aromatics ; corresponding states ; cycloalkanes ; esters ; liquids ; viscosity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract It is of considerable importance to be able to predict accurately the viscosity of liquids over a wide range of conditions. In the present work, the ability of the three-parameter generalized corresponding states principle (GCSP) for the prediction of the viscosity of pure liquids is demonstrated. The viscosity of six different classes of pure liquids, viz., alkanes (19 compounds; 207 data points), cycloalkanes (6 compounds; 74 data points), alkenes (9 compounds; 146 data points), aromatics (4 compounds; 123 data points), alkanols (8 compounds; 89 data points), and esters (4 compounds; 28 data points) have been predicted over a wide range of temperatures using the three-parameter (T c, P c, θ) GCSP. Five options for the third parameter (θ) were studied, viz., Pitzer's acentric factor ω, molar mass M, characteristic viscosity η*, critical compressibility factor Z c, and modified acentric factor Ω, in addition to groups ωZ c and ΩZ c being treated as composite third parameters. Pressure effects were neglected. Good agreement between experimental and predicted values of viscosity was obtained, especially with either ω or η* being used as the third parameter. Furthermore, the viscosities of alkanes predicted by the TRAPP method and an empirical, generalized one-parameter model for liquid hydrocarbons provide comparisons with the more accurate GCSP method. The GCSP provides a simple and yet a powerful technique for the correlation and prediction of viscosities of a variety of pure liquids over a wide range of temperatures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1022674917267
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chain-scission and yellowing in high impact polystyreneNCL communication No. 5996. (1995)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer International 36 (1995), S. 309-313 
    Details
    ISSN: 0959-8103
    Keywords: high impact polystyrene ; polychromatic irradiation ; viscosity ; tensile impact ; yellowing ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Different grades of impact-modified polystyrene were studied by viscometry, tensile impact test and colour change upon exposure to polychromatic irradiation at 55°C in air. The samples underwent extensive reduction in intrinsic viscosity [η] and tensile impact strength, and yellowed upon polychromatic irradiation (λ ≥ 290 nm). Chain-scission during photo-oxidative degradation was also studied under conditions where evolution of volatiles was negligible. Tristimulus values were calculated for unirradiated and irradiated samples. The rate of oxidative degradation was maximum in the sample possessing higher unsaturation content.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pi.1995.210360402
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electrical conduction and ultrasound wave propagation in particulate and short fiber composites of PVC. II: PVC-Al coated glass fiber composites (1992)
    Brookfield, Conn. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Vinyl and Additive Technology 14 (1992), S. 93-100 
    Details
    ISSN: 0193-7197
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Poly(vinylch1oride) composites containing 2 to 20 wt% of aluminum coated glass fiber (AlCGF) were prepared by the mechanical mixing and hot compression technique. Their electrical conduction and ultrasound wave propagation at frequencies of 2 to 9 MHz were studied. The electrical resistivity of these composites was lowered because of fiber-fiber contact formation, which is evident from optical photomicrographs of the composites. Other morphological investigations, such as X-ray diffraction and DTA, show matrix-filler interaction. The limiting resistivity of PVC/AlCGF composite is 10 ohm-cm at 14 wt% (8.11 vol%) of fiber concentration. Ultrasound wave propagation through these composites having fiber-fiber contacts has shown that both absorption and velocity are high at 9 MHz. Other ultrasound parameters were studied, such as excess absorption, relative velocity, relative modulus variation with composition as well as with propagation constant. No definite correlation exists between electrical conduction due to fiber-fiber contact formation and ultrasound wave propagation.
    Additional Material: 14 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/vnl.730140210
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electrical conduction and ultrasound wave propagation in particulate and short fiber composites of PVC. I: PVC-cu/al particulate composites (1992)
    Brookfield, Conn. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Vinyl and Additive Technology 14 (1992), S. 33-42 
    Details
    ISSN: 0193-7197
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Poly(vinylchloride) compositions containing 0-24 v% of copper and 0-48 v% of aluminium powders were prepared and their d.c. electrical conduction and ultrasound wave propagation at 2, 3, 6, 9 MHz were studied. Segregated network formation by the filler as evident by photomicrograph. DTA and X-ray diffraction, drastically reduces the electrical resistivity in these composites. The limiting resistivity of PVC/Cu composite is 31.62 ohm-cm and that of PVC/Al composites is 1258 ohm-cm. Ultrasound wave propagation through these composites having segregated network of fillers shows that absorption at 9 MHz is more in copper filled PVC than in aluminium filled PVC. Dispersion at 9 MHz is more in aluminium filled composites than in copper filled composites. Other parameters, such as excess absorption, relative velocity, relative modulus were evaluated. No definite correlation exists between electrical conduction due to segregated network formation and ultrasound wave propagation.
    Additional Material: 25 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/vnl.730140110
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Investigation of multiphase polymeric systems of PVC (1992)
    Brookfield, Conn. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Vinyl and Additive Technology 14 (1992), S. 62-68 
    Details
    ISSN: 0193-7197
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Graft copolymers of chlororubber-20-g-(ethylacrylate-co-acrylonitrile (2:1)) and chlororubber-20-g-(styrene-co-vinyl acetate-co-acrylonitrile [1:1:1]) have been synthesized by solution precipitation polymerization technique. The graft copolymers have been characterized by elemental analysis, IR spectroscopy, and viscometry. The graft copolymers have been melt blended with PVC. The mechanical properties, such as flexural, tensile strength, and impact strength, of the blends have been studied to evaluate the relative performance of various graft copolymer blends of PVC as impact modified systems. Mechanical properties of the blends have been discussed in terms of morphology of impact fractured samples.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/vnl.730140204
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Investigation of multiphase polymeric systems of poly(vinyl chloride)/ethylene-propylene-diene-gp-(styrene-CO-acrylonitrile) blends (1992)
    Brookfield, Conn. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Vinyl and Additive Technology 14 (1992), S. 218-225 
    Details
    ISSN: 0193-7197
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The graft copolymer, ethylene-propylene-diene rubber (EPDM)-gp-(styrene-co-acrylonitrile) has been synthesized by solution precipitation polymerization using benzoyl perixide as initiator. The graft copolymer has been characterized after separation through soxhlet extraction by IR, NMR, and elemental analysis techniques. The graft copolymer of EPDM is melt blended with PVC. The nature of compatibility of the graft copolymers with PVC has been studied by means of morphological analysis and by thermal analysis. The mechanical properties, Izod impact strength, tensile strength, and flexural modulus of the blends are extensively studied over the wide range of concentrations. The results of both compatibility and mechanical properties are compared with those of PVC/EPDM blends. The nature of compatibility obtained shows that PVC/EPDM blends are incompatible and the PVC/EPDM-gp-SAN system is semicompatible. Also, these results indicate that the PVC/EPDM-gp-SAN system has its highest impact strength at 14 wt% of EPDM/gp-SAN graft copolymer. The fractured surface analysis of the impact fractured samples is also undertaken by an SEM technique. The results of the mechanical properties are discussed in view of existing theories of impact modification, along with the morphological feature of fractographs.
    Additional Material: 16 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/vnl.730140411
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