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  • 1
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Brain tumour ; brain oedema ; blood brain barrier
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A survey is given of the principles underlying the diagnosis of brain tumours. Traditionally diagnosis and localization of brain tumours have been based upon morphological criteria. Currently unsurpassed levels in imaging of anatomical details and topographical relations by the techniques of computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) have been achieved. The techniques of positron emission tomography (PET) and of magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), which depict also metabolic and blood flow aspects, provide a refinement of our knowledge on the metabolism, structure and pathophysiological relations of a tumour to the surrounding parenchyma. Recent advances in the recording of function-related changes of the cerebral electro-magnetic field allow a better definition of critical functional areas.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Positron emission tomography ; 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose ; ketone bodies ; 11C-tyrosine ; brain oedema ; blood-brain barrier
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary In cat brain with a freezing injury, the uptake of 1-11C-acetoacetate (11C-ACAC), 2-18F-fluorodeoxy-D-glucose (18FDG), and L-1-11C-tyrosine (11C-TYR) was monitored by positron emission tomography following intravenous administration of the tracers, at 1 day and 1–3 weeks after the injury. The development and further course of the cold-induced oedema was monitored by magnetic resonance imaging. In the fresh (1 day old) lesion there was increased uptake of11C-ACAC, probably due to release of the restrictive influence of the blood-brain barrier upon passage of the substance into brain. The uptake of18FDG, which normally occurs by carrier-mediated transport at the barrier, was decreased in the fresh lesion, probably as a result of damage of the carrier mechanism. In the 3 week old lesion18FDG uptake was still reduced, and11C-ACAC uptake was still increased, although barrier function to Evans blue had recovered. It is suggested, that the increased11C-ACAC uptake in the chronic lesion bears upon the proliferation of macrophages and reactive glial cells in the lesion. This is supported by the increased uptake of11C-TYR in the 2 weeks old lesion, while in the fresh lesion11C-TYR uptake was unchanged.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Cognitive performance ; Positron emission tomography ; Supplementary motor area ; Parietal cortex ; Human
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Differences between two states of cerebral activation were studied in eight subjects by positron emission tomography (PET) of regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) and subsequent statistical parameter mapping. Subjects had to respond to a row of numbers presented on tape. In one condition they had to repeat each number. In the other condition the last heard number had to be added to the number presented before. Cerebral activity specifically related to the serial addition task was distributed over supplementary motor area (SMA), left premotor cortex and superior dorsal parietal cortex bilaterally, without significant involvement of prefrontal cortex. This indicated circuitry related to mental performance characterised by a fixed strategy of executing serial manipulation of numbers within “internal space”. The main aim of this communication is to discuss the similarity between circuitry underlying higher order motor control and pure cognitive performance.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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