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  • Polymer and Materials Science  (4)
  • enantiomers  (3)
  • pheromone  (3)
  • Cyclic AMP  (2)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gene expression of the human prostaglandin E receptor EP4 subtype: differential regulation in monocytoid and lymphoid lineage cells by phorbol ester (1996)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 74 (1996), S. 333-336 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Prostaglandin E receptor ; EP4 subtype ; THP-1 ; Cyclic AMP ; Phorbol myristate acetate
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We isolated a cDNA clone encoding the human prostaglandin (PG) E receptor EP4 subtype and examined the gene expression in human blood cells. Northern blot analysis revealed that the EP4 gene is expressed at a high level in peripheral blood mononuclear cells, and at lower levels in cultured human blood cell lines, THP-1 and U937 (monocytoid cell lines), MOLT-4 and Jurkat (T-cell lines), and Raji (B-cell line). To examine regulation of the EP4 gene expression in the immune system, we studied the effects of phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) on these cell lines. Gene expression was upregulated in THP-1, U937, and Raji cells by PMA, and was downregulated in MOLT-4 and Jurkat cells. In THP-1 cells the effects of PMA were further analyzed, and the upregulation of the EP4 gene was shown to be followed by an increase in PGE2 binding sites and in PGE2-induced cAMP accumulation. In the striking contrast, other PGE receptor subtypes (EP1, EP2 and EP3) and other prostanoid receptors (IP and DP) were shown not to be upregulated by PMA. Therefore, this is the first demonstration of a highly specific upregulation of the EP4 subtype in THP-1 cells treated with PMA, suggesting the importance of the EP4 subtype in the immune system. In the present study we also clarified that EP4 gene expression is regulated differently among human monocytoid and lymphoid lineage cells, thus leading to the better understanding of the regulatory mechanisms for the human EP4 gene expression in the immune system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00207510
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gene expression of the human prostaglandin E receptor EP4 subtype: differential regulation in monocytoid and lymphoid lineage cells by phorbol ester (1996)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 74 (1996), S. 333-336 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Key words Prostaglandin E receptor ; EP4 subtype ; THP-1 ; Cyclic AMP ; Phorbol myristate acetate
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  We isolated a cDNA clone encoding the human prostaglandin (PG) E receptor EP4 subtype and examined the gene expression in human blood cells. Northern blot analysis revealed that the EP4 gene is expressed at a high level in peripheral blood mononuclear cells, and at lower levels in cultured human blood cell lines, THP-1 and U937 (monocytoid cell lines), MOLT-4 and Jurkat (T-cell lines), and Raji (B-cell line). To examine regulation of the EP4 gene expression in the immune system, we studied the effects of phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) on these cell lines. Gene expression was upregulated in THP-1, U937, and Raji cells by PMA, and was downregulated in MOLT-4 and Jurkat cells. In THP-1 cells the effects of PMA were further analyzed, and the upregulation of the EP4 gene was shown to be followed by an increase in PGE2 binding sites and in PGE2-induced cAMP accumulation. In the striking contrast, other PGE receptor subtypes (EP1, EP2 and EP3) and other prostanoid receptors (IP and DP) were shown not to be upregulated by PMA. Therefore, this is the first demonstration of a highly specific upregulation of the EP4 subtype in THP-1 cells treated with PMA, suggesting the importance of the EP4 subtype in the immune system. In the present study we also clarified that EP4 gene expression is regulated differently among human monocytoid and lymphoid lineage cells, thus leading to the better understanding of the regulatory mechanisms for the human EP4 gene expression in the immune system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001090050034
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sex-specific activity of (R)-(−)- and (S)- (+)-1,7-dioxaspiro[5.5]undecane, the major pheromone ofDacus oleae (1986)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 12 (1986), S. 1559-1568 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Dacus oleae ; olive fruit fly ; Diptera ; Tephritidae ; pheromones ; enantiomers ; sex attractants ; sex-specific enantiomers
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract 1,7-Dioxaspiro[5.5]undecane (olean), the major component of the female sex attractant pheromone blend of the olive fruit flyDacus oleae (Gmelin) was shown to be released as a racemate. The response of males and females to pure (R)-(−) and (S)-(+)-enantiomers was tested under laboratory and field conditions. Males in laboratory and field tests responded only to (R)-(−)-olean, which functions as a sex attractant. Females responded only to (S)-(+)-olean in laboratory tests but not in the field. There are indications that the latter enantiomer fuctions as a short-range arrestant throughout the day and as an aphrodisiac in the process of mating.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01012372
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sex Pheromone of Glossina tachinoides: Isolation, Identification, and Synthesis (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 24 (1998), S. 1563-1575 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Tsetse fly ; sex stimulant ; pheromone ; hydrocarbon ; methylalkanes ; gas chromatography ; Diptera ; biting fly
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Study of lipids from male and female laboratory-reared flies led to the demonstration of a potent contact sex stimulant in extracts and cuticular hydrocarbons of the female tsetse fly Glossina tachinoides (Westwood) against conspecific males. Thin-layer and column chromatography indicated that extracts contained hydrocarbons and saponifiable lipids. Biological activity was found in the alkanes from females, including prominent branched-chain alkanes that were detected by gas chromatography (GC). The alkanes were separated and collected by preparative gas chromatography (GC), and only the 37-carbon region showed biological activity. GC–mass spectrometry showed the major peak contained a mixture of isomeric 11,23-, 13,25- plus a minor amount of 11,21-dimethylheptatriacontane. Two racemic isomers were synthesized, and bioassays showed that the greatest activity was possessed by the 11,23- isomer with somewhat less activity in 13,25-dimethyl heptatria-contane. Dose–response data showed ED50 at 5 μg per decoy with solvent-washed males, nonspecific females, or corks as decoys. These alkanes released sexual activity in males that comprised most of the behaviors released by a female fly of the same species.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1020967918594
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Absolute configuration of mosquito oviposition attractant pheromone, 6-acetoxy-5-hexadecanolide (1985)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 11 (1985), S. 643-648 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Mosquito ; Culex pipiens fatigans ; Diptera ; Culicidae ; oviposition ; attractant ; pheromone ; chiral chromatography ; acetoxyhexadecanolide
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract 6-Acetoxy-5-hexadecanolide (Ia) in the oviposition attractant pheromone released from egg apical droplets of the mosquitoCulex pipiens fatigans Wied. is shown to be the (−)-(5R,6S)- enantiomer. Identification was by chromatography of the 6-trifluoroacetoxy derivatives of the natural pheromone and of the synthetic (−)-(5R,6S)- (Ib) and (+)-(5S,6R)- (IIb) enantiomers on a capillary column having a chiral stationary phase comprising a derivative of (1S,3S)-chrysanthemic acid. The synthetic (−)-(5R,6S)- enantiomer (Ia) attracted oviposition of four fold more mosquito egg rafts than the control (P 〈 0.01) whereas for the (5S,6R)- enantiomer (IIa) there was no statistically significant oviposition attraction.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00988573
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Species discrimination in five species of winter-flying geometrids (Lepidoptera) based on chirality of semiochemicals and flight season (1993)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 19 (1993), S. 2721-2735 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Chirality ; enantiomers ; sex pheromones ; (3Z,9Z)-(6R,7S)-epoxynonadecadiene ; (3Z,9Z)-(6S,7R)-epoxynonadecadiene ; (6Z,9Z)-(3S,4R)-epoxynonadecadiene ; Colotois pennaria ; Erannis defoliaria ; Agriopis aurantiaria ; A. marginaria ; A. leucophearia ; Lepidoptera ; Geometridae ; electroantennogram ; field trapping
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Enantiomer separation of (6Z,9Z)-cis-3,4-epoxynonadecadiene and (3Z,9Z)-cis-6,7-epoxynonadecadiene could be achieved using chiral high-resolution gas chromatography and a cyclodextrin-bond column. (3Z,9Z)-(6R,7S)-Epoxynonadecadiene was identified from ovipositor extracts ofColotois pen-Naria, while inErannis defoliaria the 6S,7R-enantiomer was found. In field trapping tests pure synthetic enantiomers caught only conspecific males of these species. (3Z,6Z,9Z)-Nonadecatriene was found in both species, while the presence of (3Z,6Z,9Z)-heneicosatriene was indicated inC. Pennaria only. A 10∶10∶3 blend of (3Z,9Z)-(6R,7S)-epoxynonadecadiene, (3Z,6Z,9Z)-heneicosatriene, and (3Z,6Z,9Z)-nonadecatriene was found to be optimal for catchingC. Pennaria, whileE. Defoliaria males were optimally caught by a 1∶1 mixture of (3Z,9Z)-(6S,7R)-epoxynonadecadiene and (3Z,6Z,9Z)-nona-decatriene. (6Z,9Z)-(3S,4R)-Epoxynonadecadiene was identified from ovipositor extracts ofAgriopis (Erannis) aurantiaria. In field tests the pure enantiomer proved to be a highly specific sex attractant for both the late autumn/early winter flyingA. Aurantiaria and the late winter/early spring flyingA. Leucophearia. Males ofAgriopis marginaria, which fly in late winter/early spring, were attracted to (3Z,9Z)-(6S,7R)-epoxynonadecadiene. The addition of (3Z,6Z,9Z)-nonadecatriene to theS,R-enantiomer increased captures. Optimal catches were recorded with a 10∶3 epoxide-hydrocarbon blend. Enantiomer specificity in all species was confirmed in EAG measurements.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00980703
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dendroctonus pseudotsugae hopkins (Coleoptera: Scolytidae): Production of and response to enantiomers of 1-methylcyclohex-2-en-1-ol (1992)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 18 (1992), S. 1201-1208 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Dendroctonus pseudotsugae ; Douglas-fir beetle ; Coleoptera ; Scolytidae ; aggregation pheromone ; production ; response ; methylcyclohexenol ; seudenol ; enantiomers ; trapping
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Female Douglas-fir beetles,Dendroctonus pseudotsugae, produced an average 45∶55 mixture of the (S)-(−)- and (R)-(+)-enantiomers of 1-methylcyclohex-2-en-1-ol (MCOL). The (S)-(−)∶(R)-(+) ratio of 3-methylcyclohex-2-en-1-ol (seudenol) produced by this population of females was 34∶66. Lindgren funnel traps baited with (R)-(+)-MCOL attracted significantly more males and females than (S)-(−)-MCOL-baited traps, which captured significantly more beetles than unbaited controls. The combined effect of the enantiomers was additive, rather than synergistic. Either enantiomer of MCOL increased catches by frontalin-baited traps. Racemic MCOL can be used for trapping Douglas-fir beetles in south-central British Columbia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00980074
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Southern pine beetle: Olfactory receptor and behavior discrimination of enantiomers of the attractant pheromone frontalin (1982)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 8 (1982), S. 873-881 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Enantiomers ; bark beetle ; pheromone ; Dendroctonus frontalis ; Coleoptera ; Scolytidae ; southern pine beetle ; electrophysiology ; olfaction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract In laboratory and field bioassays, the response ofDendroctonus frontalis was significantly greater to the mixture of (1S, 5R)-(−)-frontalin andalpha-pinene than to (1R,5S)-(+)-frontalin andalpfa-pinene. Electro-physiological studies revealed that antennal olfactory receptor cells were significantly more responsive to (1S, 5R)-(−)-frontalin than to (1R, 5S)-(+)-frontalin. Both enantiomers stimulated the same olfactory cells which suggests that each cell possesses at least two types of enantiomer-specific acceptors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00994788
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thermal stability in air of acrylonitrile-grafted polyethylene by electron beam prior irradiationFifth paper on grafting using low energy electron beam. (1991)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 43 (1991), S. 221-225 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Studies were made of the thermal softening and degradation behavior in air of low- and high-density polyethylene (PE) grafted with acrylonitrile (AN) by electron beam prior irradiation in nitrogen. It was found that both LDPE and HDPE were made to exhibit higher softening points by grafting and that this tendency increased with increasing percent graft. The starting temperatures of the thermal degradation and thermogravimetric curves were also found to shift to higher temperatures. On the other hand, in marked contrast to the thermal softening and degradation behavior of grafted PE in air, its behavior in nitrogen showed substantial dependance on oxidative degradation, suggesting that the oxidation of PE was inhibited by polyacrylonitrile (PAN), which forms graft chains. It was considered that the oxidation-inhibiting mechanism of PAN produced in the amorphous regions prevents oxygen from dissolving and diffusing into the amorphous phase, thus inhibiting the oxidative degradation of PE, and that, when heated, PAN undergoes nitrile oligomerization and the nitrile oligomer end radicals act to trap those radicals which participate in PE oxidative degradation.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1991.070430201
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hydrophobic polymer films plasma-polymerized from CF4/hydrocarbon and hexafluroacetone/hydrocarbon mixtures (1991)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 43 (1991), S. 581-588 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Polymer films were deposited from the plasma polymerization of the mixtures of hydrocarbons, ethane, ethylene, and acetylene, and tetrafluoromethane (CF4) or hexafluoroacetone (HFA). The surface properties, the advancing contact angle of water, and surface energy of the films deposited and the chemical composition at the outermost layer of the films are discussed from the data of the angular XPS measurements. The plasma polymers deposited from the CF4/hydrocarbon and HFA/hydrocarbon mixtures contained fluorine atoms whose content depended on the CF4 or HFA concentration of the mixtures. The hydrophobicity of the films deposited could not be determined by the fluorine content of the films but by the chemical composition of the fluorine moieties at the outermost layer of the films. The CF3 moieties rather than the CF2 and CF moieties contribute largely to the hydrophobicity of the films. The plasma polymer films deposited from the HFA/acetylene (87.5 mol % HFA) showed higher hydrophobicity (the surface energy is 9.7 mJ/m2) than those from the CF4/acetylene mixture (87.5 mol % CF4) (the surface energy is 13 mJ/m2).
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1991.070430320
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