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  • Dental fear  (1)
  • ESWL  (1)
  • Evaluation  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Damaging effects of high energy shock waves on cultured Madin Darby Canine Kidney (MDCK) cells (1990)
    Springer
    Urological research 18 (1990), S. 255-258 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-0879
    Keywords: ESWL ; Shock waves ; MDCK cells ; LDH ; GOT
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) has become an almost non-invasive standard treatment modality for urolithiasis. Several investigations, however, demonstrated that ESWL is not completely free of side effects. Among others alteration of renal tubular function has been reported. To study the effect of shock waves on tubular cells directly an in-vitro model with cultured Madin Darby Canine Kidney (MDCK) cells was established. Suspensions of MDCK cells (7 groups of 6 containers each) were exposed to 0, 16, 32, 64, 128, 256 shock waves (Dornier HM4, 18 kV). Before and 0, 1, 3, 6, 9, 12, 24 h after ESWL the following parameters were measured in the nutrient medium: lactate dehydroxygenase (LDH), glutamate oxalacetate transaminase (GOT), electrolytes. LDH and GOT increased depending on the number of shock waves indicating a membrane damage of MDCK cells. The MDCK model seems suitable for further studies on the effect of shock waves on renal tubular cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00294768
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evaluation of severity scoring systems in ICUs—translation, conversion and definition ambiguities as a source of inter-observer variability in Apache II, SAPS and OSF (1995)
    Springer
    Intensive care medicine 21 (1995), S. 356-360 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1238
    Keywords: Evaluation ; Scoring systems ; Inter-observer variability ; Acute renal failure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objective To explore translation, conversion and definition ambiguities, when using severity scoring systems in patients admitted to intensive care units (ICUs). Design A prospective study of the prognosis of acute renal failure in ICUs. Setting The study was conducted in 20 French ICUs. Patients 360 patients presenting with severe acute renal failure were studied during their ICU stay. Measurements and results The inter-observer variability of Apache II (acute physiology and chronic health evaluation), SAPS (simplified acute physiology score), and OSF (organ-system failure) was considered. For Apache II, we explored the uncertainty of measurements arising from conversion into SI units, the rounding procedures used for the non-inclusive intervals defined for quatitative parameters such as age, mean arterial pressure (MAP) or serum creatinite, the absence of definition of acute renal failure (ARF) and its consequence on doubling serum creatinine values, and the absence of guidelines in the case of spontaneous ventilation when arterial blood gases (ABG) and forced inspiratory oxygen (FIO2) were not measured. The resulting variability was evaluated, calculating the lowest and the highest value of the scoring system for each patient. The mean difference by patient was greater than 1.5 (p〈0.0001). Other examples were presented and discussed for SAPS and OSF. Conclusions Translation, conversion and definition ambiguities are a source of inter-observer variability and increase the risk of classification and/or selection biases. This gives rise to particular concern in the design and analysis of multicenter trials or meta-analysis, and improvement of these scoring systems should be envisaged in the future.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01705416
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fear assessment in a dental analogue setting (1982)
    Springer
    Journal of psychopathology and behavioral assessment 4 (1982), S. 317-325 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-3505
    Keywords: Dental fear ; behavioral analogue ; Palmer Sweat Index
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Psychology
    Notes: Abstract An analogue setting for assessing dental fear involving a videotaped simulated dental operation was evaluated in terms of its capability of eliciting differential physiological arousal (Palmer Sweat Index) between high- and low-fear subjects, identified by self-reports of dental fear. Results showed high-fear subjects to exhibit significantly greater palmar sweating than did low-fear subjects, females to respond more than males, and a differential response across groups at different points during the simulated operation. High-fear subjects also gave verbal reports of greater physiological arousal and general anxiety while viewing the operation than did low-fear subjects.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01341227
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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