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  • gastric mucosal blood flow  (3)
  • gastric secretion  (2)
  • Diabetes mellitus  (1)
  • Dietary protein  (1)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Autonomic neuropathy, QT interval lengthening, and unexpected deaths in male diabetic patients (1991)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 34 (1991), S. 182-185 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Diabetes mellitus ; autonomic neuropathy ; QT interval ; sudden death ; autonomic function tests
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary QT intervals were measured over RR intervals ranging from 500 ms to 1000 ms in 13 normal male subjects, 13 male diabetic subjects without and 13 with autonomic neuropathy. There was a close linear relationship between QT and RR in all subjects. The slope of the regression line was significantly greater in the autonomic neuropathy group than the normal group. Thirty-two male diabetic subjects with varying degrees of autonomic dysfunction had repeat QT measurements 3 (range 2–6) years later. QT and QTC lengthened significantly at the second visit, unrelated to age or time between recordings, but which corresponded with changes in autonomic function. Of 71 male diabetic subjects under 60 years followed for 3 years, 13 had died, 8 unexpectedly. Of those with autonomic neuropathy, QT and QTC were significantly longer in those who subsequently died, despite similar ages and duration of diabetes. We conclude that QT/RR interval relationships are altered in diabetic autonomic neuropathy, and that changes in QT length with time parallel changese in autonomic function. There may be an association between QT interval prolongation and the risk of dying unexpectedly in diabetic autonomic neuropathy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00418273
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Modulatory action of adenosine on gastric function and ethanol-induced mucosal damage in rats (1990)
    Springer
    Digestive diseases and sciences 35 (1990), S. 1334-1339 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2568
    Keywords: adenosine ; theophylline ; ethanol ; gastric secretion ; gastric lesions ; gastric mucosal blood flow
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract This study examines the gastric effects of adenosine and its antagonist, theophylline, on secretory function, mucosal blood flow, and on ethanol-induced glandular mucosal damage in rats that were fasted for 24 hr before experimentation. The animals were anesthetized with sodium pentobarbitone (50 mg/kg intraperitoneal) and their tracheae cannulated. An ex vivo stomach chamber then was prepared. The luminal bathing solution was collected every 15 min and the concentrations of H+ and Na+ were determined by a pH autotitrator and an ionmeter, respectively. The glandular mucosal blood flow was measured by a laser Doppler flowmeter and the severity of lesions was determined by measuring the hemorrhagic areas. Adenosine administration (2.5 or 7.5 mg/kg, subcutaneous) markedly lowered the H+ and Na+ output but increased the secretory volume and mucosal blood flow in a dose-dependent manner. The same doses of the nucleoside also prevented ethanol-induced mucosal damage. These effects were prevented by pretreatment with theophylline (30 or 60 mg/kg, subcutaneous). Ethanol given alone significantly depressed the H+ and Na+ secretion. Both effects were not modified by adenosine treatment. However, the depressive action of ethanol on mucosal blood flow was prevented by adenosine. These findings indicate that adenosine modulates the physiological function of the stomach. It also directly activates the defensive mechanism of the stomach, which is partially mediated by the improvement of the gastric mucosal blood flow and an increase in the nonacid component of gastric secretion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01536737
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Further studies on the effect of diet on serum thyroid hormone concentrations and thyroid histology in rainbow trout,Salmo gairdneri (Pisces, Salmonidae) (1980)
    Springer
    Environmental biology of fishes 5 (1980), S. 175-179 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5133
    Keywords: Keywords ; Dietary protein ; Dietary lipid ; Endocrinology ; Vitamin C ; Thyroxine ; Triiodothyronine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Synopsis In a 3 × 2 factorial experiment examining the effects of combinations of ambient temperature (18°, 15°, 9° C) and dietary protein content (35% and 45%) on thyroid activity inSalmo gairdneri, although there was an apparent increase in activity of the thyroid in cold-adapted trout, assessed by histological appearance of the gland, there were no significant changes in serum thyroid hormone titers. In a second experiment examining the effects of combinations of ambient temperature (15°, 12.5°, 10°C) with dietary lipid content (6% and 16%) there was a similar apparent increase in thyroid activity in cold-adapted fish which was accompanied, in fish fed the higher lipid diet, with an increase in serum thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3) levels. Trout fed an ascorbic acid-free diet (experiment 3) had lower serum T3 levels than in those given an ascorbic acid supplemented diet (1280 mg·kg-1). In experiments 2 and 3 serum thyroid hormone concentrations were approximately inversely proportional to ambient temperature and concomitant weight gain, but no such correlation was evident in experiment 1 suggesting that the changes in hormone levels in experiments 2 and 3 were not ipso facto related to differences in either ambient temperature or weight gain but rather to the specific metabolic changes imposed by the dietary lipids or ascorbic acid deficiency.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02391625
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Role of dorsal motor nucleus of vagus in gastric function and mucosal damage induced by ethanol in rats (1995)
    Springer
    Digestive diseases and sciences 40 (1995), S. 2312-2316 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2568
    Keywords: dorsal motor nucleus of vagus ; ethanol ; gastric mucosal blood flow ; gastric acid secretion ; gastric damage
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Experimental evidence indicates that the autonomic nervous system, especially the cholinergic pathway, modulates the mucosal defensive mechanism and affects mucosal damage in the stomach. The present study investigated the role of the dorsal motor nucleus of vagus (DMV) in gastric function and its influences on ethanol-induced mucosal damage in pentobarbitone-anesthetized rats. Electrolytic lesion of the DMV as compared with sham operation and lesions of other brain areas, eg, nucleus reticular gigantocellularis and cuneate nucleus, reduced the basal gastric mucosal blood flow (GMBF) and also the blood flow after ethanol administration. The same operation did not affect the acid secretion either in the basal state or during the ethanol treatment period. Lesions at the caudal half of the DMV produced a bigger depression of GMBF when compared with lesion at the rostral half. In the sham-operated rats, ethanol induced severe hemorrhagic lesions in the gastric glandular mucosa, and this was significantly potentiated by lesions at the DMV, especially in the caudal half. The present findings indicate that acute DMV damage at the caudal half markedly affects the GMBF but not the acid secretion. The action on GMBF may contribute to the aggravation of ethanol-induced gastric damage in rats. These data reinforce the idea that the central vagal pathway, especially the caudal half of the DMV, plays a significant role in the modulation of GMBF, which in turn affects the integrity of gastric mucosal barrier.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02063230
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The influence of acute or chronic nicotine treatment on ethanol-induced gastric mucosal damage in rats (1990)
    Springer
    Digestive diseases and sciences 35 (1990), S. 106-112 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2568
    Keywords: nicotine ; ethanol ; gastric secretion ; gastric lesions ; gastric mucosal blood flow
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The influences of acute or chronic nicotine pretreatment on ethanol-induced changes on gastric secretion, mucosal blood flow (GMBF), and glandular mucosal damage were studied in anesthetized rats. Ethanol administration decreased gastric acid secretion and GMBF, which were accompanied by a marked increase in gastric mucosal damage. Acute nicotine incubation 2 or 4 mg dose-dependently elevated both the titratable acid in the luminal solution and the gastric secretory volume; it also prevented the depressive action on GMBF and gastric mucosal damage in ethanol-treated animals. Chronic nicotine treatment for 10 days reduced the inhibitory action of ethanol on gastric acid secretion; the higher dose (25 μg/ml drinking water) potentiated the decrease of GMBF and the ulcerogenic property of ethanol. However, chronic treatment with the lower dose (5 μg/ml drinking water) had the opposite effects; it also markedly increased the gastric secretory volume. It is concluded that acute nicotine pretreatment elevates, whereas chronic nicotine pretreatment differentially affects GMBF. These effects could account for their protective or preventive actions on ethanol ulceration. The increase in nonacid gastric secretory volume by nicotine could partially explain its antiulcer effect. Furthermore, the acid secretory state of the stomach appears unrelated to the ulcerogenic property of ethanol.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01537231
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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