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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 56 (1978), S. 521-524 
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Hepatitis B Antigen ; Enzyme-Immunoassay ; Radioimmunoassay ; Blood Donors ; Hepatitis BsAntigen ; Enzym-Immunoassay ; Radioimmunoassay ; Blutspender
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung In einer Vergleichsuntersuchung wurden die Seren von 12080 unbezahlten Blutspendern mit dem Enzym-Immunoassay (EIA) und dem Radioimmunoassay (RIA) auf HBs-Antigen untersucht. Im EIA-Screeningtest wurde ein relativ hoher Prozentsatz nicht reproduzierbarer positiver Reaktionen festgestellt, der im wesentlichen durch ungenügendes Waschen bedingt ist. Wurde der EIA mit einer automatischen Waschapparatur durchgeführt, so konnte dieser Prozentsatz deutlich gesenkt werden. Nach Neutralisation wurden 0,31% positive Proben im EIA und im RIA festgestellt. Daraus kann geschlossen werden, daß praktisch keine Unterschiede in der Empfindlichkeit zwischen diesen beiden Tests bestehen. Der EIA benötigt eine längere Inkubationszeit als der RIA. Der EIA hat jedoch den Vorteil, daß er nicht mit radioaktiven Substanzen arbeitet, keine kostspielige Ausrüstung erfordert und daß die Resultate sofort ablesbar sind. Der EIA ist ohne Schwierigkeiten durchzuführen, zwei med.-techn. Assistentinnen können etwa 1000 Seren pro Tag untersuchen.
    Notes: Summary In a comparative study 12,080 sera from unpaid donors were tested simultaneously for Hepatitis B Antigen (HBsAg) by enzyme-immunoassay (EIA) and radioimmunoassay (RIA). A relatively high number of sera reacted positive in the EIA-screening test but were negative after repeated investigation. This percentage could be markedly reduced when using an automated washing apparatus. After neutralization 0.31 per cent were considered as true positive in EIA and RIA, thus demonstrating that no differences did exist as far as sensitivity is concerned. The EIA needs more incubation time than the RIA, however, the EIA has the advantage of using enzyme-labelled antibodies instead of radio-iodinated reagents. The results are read immediately and no sophisticated equipment is required. The EIA is easy to handle, two technicians can perform 1000 tests per day.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1437-1596
    Keywords: Key words HGV ; HCV ; RT-PCR ; Drug abuse
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Law
    Notes: Abstract To examine the prevalence of hepatitis G virus (HGV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections in deceased injection drug users and for comparison of the detection rates of HGV and HCV RNA in liver tissue with detection rates in postmortem serum samples, RT-PCR was performed in 50 drug abuse-related fatalities. HGV RNA was detectable in liver tissue samples from 17/50 suddenly deceased drug abusers (34%). In 16 of these 17 positive cases, serum samples were also available but HGV RNA was detected in only 10. From 29/50 anti-HCV positive individuals, HCV RNA was detected in 23/50 liver tissue samples (46%), but HCV RNA was detectable in only 6/22 of the corresponding serum samples. In 12 anti-HCV positive cases (10 being also positive for HCV RNA in the liver), the examinations revealed a coinfection with HGV by detection of HGV RNA in the liver tissue samples. A significant association between the detection of HCV RNA in the liver and the occurrence of antibodies against the HCV NS4 protein, but not against HCV core antigen or NS3 protein was observed. The probability of anti-HCV and HCV RNA positivity increased with the age of the individuals. No HGV or HCV infection was detected in a control group of 50 persons who died suddenly by violent impact. The prevalence of active HCV and HGV infections in injection drug users detected by RT-PCR in liver tissue is in good accordance with data obtained from sera from living injection drug users. In contrast, the detection rate in postmortem serum samples was clearly lower. Possible reasons for this observation are discussed and the use of liver tissue for postmortem detection of hepatitis virus RNA is recommended.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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