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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 415 (1989), S. 429-436 
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Hodgkin's disease ; Immunohistochemistry ; Microenvironment ; Spleen
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Hodgkin's disease in the spleen - with the exception of its B cell variant - behaves quite differently from non Hodgkin's lymphomas with respect to both its spread and microenvironment. Each type of HD appears to create its own microenvironment by the secretion of cytokines responsible for the characteristic cellular composition of the infiltrates and thereby alters the normal immunoarchitecture of the spleen profoundly. While some histological findings seem to imply the presence of a host response against HD especially in the nodular sclerosis subtype, morphological and immunohistochemical evidence in the spleen cannot conclusively substantiate this hypothesis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 411 (1987), S. 179-183 
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Cirrhosis of the liver ; Extramedullary haematopoiesis ; Spleen
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Hitherto it has generally been assumed that splenic haematopoiesis in adult humans occurs very infrequently and is predominantly associated with haematological disorders. In the present study of patients with cirrhosis of the liver, a marked splenic haematopoiesis was a constant finding. Moreover, low-level splenic erythro- and granulopoiesis was highly prevalent even in haematologically normal controls, while splenic thrombopoiesis was conspicuously absent in both groups. We suggest that splenic haematopoiesis results from entrapment and proliferation of circulating haematopoietic precursor cells in the splenic red pulp. This would account for the presence of splenic haematopoiesis in normal controls as well as in patients with cirrhosis of the liver. In the latter, stimulation of bone marrow haematopoiesis and increased splenic pooling of haematopoietic precursor cells may contribute to the marked increase of splenic haematopoiesis observed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Research in experimental medicine 163 (1974), S. 79-94 
    ISSN: 1433-8580
    Keywords: Reorganization ; Spleen transplants ; Enzyme histochemistry ; Follicule formation ; Red pulp formation ; Regeneration ; Milztransplantate ; Enzymhistochemie ; Follikelbildung ; Rote Pulpa
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die Reorganisationsvorgänge in autologen subcutanen Milztransplantaten beim Kaninchen wurden in zeitlich eng gestaffelter Versuchsanordnung untersucht. Zur besseren Strukturanalyse dienten weitgehend spezifische fermentcytochemische Methoden. Die Versuche ergaben, daß innerhalb der ersten 5 Tage eine vollständige Nekrose des Transplantates erfolgte. Gleichzeitig traten, besonders im Transplantatbett, Elemente einer akuten Entzündung mit nachfolgender Granulationsgewebsbildung auf. Am Ende der 2. Woche waren innerhalb der Transplantate erstmals abortive Gitterfasern mit Hilfe der Methenamin-Silber-Reaktion nachweisbar. Zur gleichen Zeit ließen sich neugebildete Sinuswandzellen mit der alpha-Naphthyl-Acetat-Esterase-Reaktion und der Naphthol-AS-Acetat-Esterase-Reaktion selektiv darstellen. Jetzt traten auch erstmals kleine follikuläre Lymphocytenansammlungen auf. Um den 25. Tag erschienen in den zunächst schmalen Pulpasträngen die ersten Makrophagen und Reticulumzellen, die sich vor allem durch ihren hohen Saure Phosphatase-Gehalt auszeichnen. In den darauffolgenden Monaten vollzog sich eine weitere Proliferation dieser Strukturen bis zu einer Wiederherstellung normalen Milzgewebes. Regressive Veränderungen traten nicht auf, auch an 400 Tage alten Transplantaten lagen reguläre morphologische Strukturen vor. Diese Ergebnisse sowie Befunde aus der Literatur lassen am ehesten auf eine Repopulation der zunächst nekrotischen Milztransplantate durch Einwanderung proliferationsfähiger hämatogener Zellen, wahrscheinlich Monocyten, schließen.
    Notes: Summary The process of reorganization in autologous subcutaneous spleen transplants in rabbits was studied at close intervals. Specific enzyme cytochemical methods allowed a more selective structural analysis of the regeneration. The transplants underwent a total necrosis within the first 5 days. The simultaneous appearance of elements of an acute inflammation, especially directly around the transplants, led to the formation of non-specific granulation tissue. At the end of the 2nd week abortive argyrophilic fibers within the transplants were demonstrated with the methenamine-silver-reaction. Newly formed sinus lining cells were revealed at the same time by the alpha-naphthol-acetate-esterase and the naphthol-AS-acetate-esterase reactions. Follicular lymphocyte accumulations could also be detected. On around the 25th day macrophages and reticulum cells appeared in the still narrow pulp cords. These cells were characterized by a high activity for acid phosphatase. In the following months a further proliferation of the splenic structures eventually led to the reformation of normal splenic tissue and structures. Regressive changes did not occur; even after 400 days the transplants showed normal morphological structures. These results as well as those reported in the literature indicate that the repopulation of at first necrotic spleen transplants occurs through the immigration of hematopoetic cells, probably monocytes, which are able to proliferate.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Annals of hematology 35 (1977), S. 317-322 
    ISSN: 1432-0584
    Keywords: Spleen ; Thrombocytopenia ; Vinylchloride disease ; Milz ; Thrombozytopenie ; Vinylchlorid-Krankheit
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die Thrombozytopenie stellt bei der Vinylchlorid-Krankheit oft ein Frühsymptom dar. Sie ist auf Grund morphologischer Untersuchungen als splenogen anzusehen. Hierbei spielt neben einer Splenomegalie ein Umbau der Struktur der Filtrationsräume in der roten Pulpa mit Veränderung der Mikrozirkulation eine entscheidende Rolle. Diese Faktoren bewirken durch vermehrte Speicherung und gesteigerten Abbau eine Verminderung der Thrombozytenzahlen im peripheren Blut.
    Notes: Summary Thrombocytopenia is often one of the first signs of vinylchloride disease. Morphological investigations showed that it is caused by splenic alterations. Besides splenomegaly, there are significant structural changes in the red pulp cords affecting the microcirculation. These quantitative and qualitative alterations cause increased platelet pooling and increased destruction of platelets, which result in a decrease in thrombocytes in the peripheral blood.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 151 (1974), S. 337-342 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Spleen ; Sinus lining cells ; Desmosomes ; Intercellular junctions
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary 13 normal and pathological human spleens were studied by electron microscopy. In four cases (1 chronic myeloid leukemia, 1 haemolytic anaemia, 1 idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, 1 traumatic capsular lesion) intercellular junctions between sinus lining cells were found. These included tight junctions, “close junctions”, and intermediate junctions. There were no desmosomes. Such intercellular junctions have not been observed previously in human spleens and occur only rarely. They are thus unevenly distributed. This indicates that they probably do not impede the migration of cells through the sinus wall.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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