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  • Finland  (2)
  • HLA-DR  (2)
  • cardiovascular disease  (2)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Diabetes mellitus, impaired glucose tolerance and mortality among elderly men: The Finnish cohorts of the seven countries study (1992)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 35 (1992), S. 760-765 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Diabetes mellitus ; elderly ; mortality ; cardiovascular disease
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary We studied the association of glucose intolerance with total and cause-specific mortality during a 5-year follow-up of 637 elderly Finnish men aged 65 to 84 years. Total mortality was 276 per 1000 for men aged 65 to 74 years and 537 per 1000 for men aged 75 to 84 years. Five-year total mortality adjusted for age was 364 per 1000 in diabetic men, 234 per 1000 in men with impaired glucose tolerance and 209 per 1000 in men with normal glucose tolerance. The relative risk of death among diabetic men was 2.10 (95% confidence interval 1.26 to 3.49) and among men with impaired glucose tolerance 1.17 (95% confidence interval 0.71 to 1.94) times higher compared with men with normal glucose tolerance. Cardiovascular disease was the most common cause of death in every glucose tolerance group. The multivariate adjusted relative risk of cardiovascular death was increased (1.55) in diabetic patients, albeit non-significantly (95% confidence interval 0.84 to 2.85). Diabetes resulted in an increased risk of cardiovascular mortality among men aged 65–74 years but not among the 75–84-year-old men. Relative risk of death from non-cardiovascular causes was slightly increased among diabetic subjects. In conclusion, diabetes mellitus is a significant determinant of mortality among elderly Finnish men.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00429097
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Increasing trend in Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus in childhood in Finland (1991)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 34 (1991), S. 282-287 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Type 1 diabetes ; incidence ; epidemiology ; time trends ; Finland
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The Central Drug Registry in Finland ascertained 5,920 incident cases of Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus diagnosed under the age of 15 years, during 1965–1984. The incidence was higher for males 29.2/100,000 (95% confidence intervals 28.2–30.2/100,000) than for females 26.1/100,000 (25.1–27.1/100,000). A non-linear increase in incidence with age was confirmed, with peaks at ages 2,9 and 14 years in males and at 3,5–6 and 11 years in females. A significant temporal variation in incidence was found, adjusting for age and sex. During 1965 to 1984 the incidence rose by about 57% or by 2.4% annually. However, a non-linear curve with two incidence peaks in 1978 and 1983 would better describe the temporal pattern than a linear trend. There was no significant difference in the temporal variation between males and females. The changes in diabetes risk appeared to affect proportionally all age groups under 15 years. Two possible mechanisms were explored: a calendar period effect vs a birth cohort effect. The calendar time period effect was significant alone and also when adjusted for the birth cohort effect. One the contrary, the birth cohort effect was not significant, when adjusted for the calendar period effect. In conclusion, over the past two decades, the incidence of childhood Type 1 diabetes in Finland has increased by about 57%. The pattern of change was a steady rising background incidence superimposed by sudden outbreaks suggesting environmental causative factors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00405089
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A gene in the HLA class I region contributes to susceptibility to IDDM in the Finnish population (1994)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 37 (1994), S. 937-944 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Genetics ; haplotype ; HLA-A ; HLA-DQ ; HLA-DR ; tumour necrosis factor ; diabetes mellitus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary In Finland the haplotype A2, Cw1, B56, DR4, DQ8 is the third most common haplotype in insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients and has the highest haplotype-specific absolute risk for IDDM. Cw1, B56, DR4, DQ8 haplotypes containing HLA-A alleles other than A2 are infrequent in the population and are not associated with IDDM. Comparison of the A2 and non-A2 haplotypes at the DNA level showed that they were identical at HLA-B,-DR, and -DQ loci. Evidence that class I alleles confer susceptibility to IDDM was obtained from the two HLA-C, -B, -DR and -DQ haplotypes most frequently found in IDDM patients in Finland. A24, A3 and A2 on the Cw3, B62, DR4, DQ8 haplotype, and A28, A2 and A1 on the Cw7, B8, DR3, DQ2 were all found to be associated with IDDM. In Finland these seven haplotypes, including A2, Cw1, B56, DR4, DQ8, account for 33% of diabetic haplotypes and 10.3% of non-diabetic haplotypes (p〈0.00001). The contribution of the class I region to IDDM susceptibility was also apparent in those IDDM patients lacking the disease-predisposing class II alleles. Significantly more non-DR3/non-DR4 IDDM patients (47 of 55) possessed two of the IDDM-associated HLA-A alleles compared to non-DR3/non-DR4 control subjects (40 of 58; p=0.038). Moreover, IDDM patients confirmed by oligotyping as unable to form a ‘diabetes-susceptibility’ DQ heterodimer, tended to possess two diabetes-associated HLA-A alleles (12 of 13) compared to control subjects (12 of 20; p=0.056).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00400951
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A gene in the HLA class I region contributes to susceptibility to IDDM in the Finnish population (1994)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 37 (1994), S. 937-944 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Key words Genetics ; haplotype ; HLA-A ; HLA-DQ ; HLA-DR ; tumour necrosis factor ; diabetes mellitus.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary In Finland the haplotype A2, Cw1, B56, DR4, DQ8 is the third most common haplotype in insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients and has the highest haplotype-specific absolute risk for IDDM. Cw1, B56, DR4, DQ8 haplotypes containing HLA-A alleles other than A2 are infrequent in the population and are not associated with IDDM. Comparison of the A2 and non-A2 haplotypes at the DNA level showed that they were identical at HLA-B, -DR, and -DQ loci. Evidence that class I alleles confer susceptibility to IDDM was obtained from the two HLA-C, -B, -DR and -DQ haplotypes most frequently found in IDDM patients in Finland. A24, A3 and A2 on the Cw3, B62, DR4, DQ8 haplotype, and A28, A2 and A1 on the Cw7, B8, DR3, DQ2 were all found to be associated with IDDM. In Finland these seven haplotypes, including A2, Cw1, B56, DR4, DQ8, account for 33 % of diabetic haplotypes and 10.3 % of non-diabetic haplotypes (p 〈 0.00001). The contribution of the class I region to IDDM susceptibility was also apparent in those IDDM patients lacking the disease-predisposing class II alleles. Significantly more non-DR3/non-DR4 IDDM patients (47 of 55) possessed two of the IDDM-associated HLA-A alleles compared to non-DR3/non-DR4 control subjects (40 of 58; p = 0.038). Moreover, IDDM patients confirmed by oligotyping as unable to form a ’diabetes-susceptibility' DQ heterodimer, tended to possess two diabetes-associated HLA-A alleles (12 of 13) compared to control subjects (12 of 20; p = 0.056). [Diabetologia (1994) 37: 937–944]
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00400951
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Incidence of cardiovascular disease in Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetic subjects with and without diabetic nephropathy in Finland (1998)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 41 (1998), S. 784-790 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Keywords Diabetes mellitus ; nephropathy ; cardiovascular disease ; epidemiology ; stroke ; coronary heart disease.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary This study evaluates the impact of diabetic nephropathy on the incidence of coronary heart disease, stroke and any cardiovascular disease in the Finnish population, which has a high risk of Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease. We performed a prospective analysis of the incidence of coronary heart disease, stroke and cardiovascular disease in all Type 1 subjects in the Finnish Type I diabetes mellitus register diagnosed before the age of 18 years between 1 January 1965 and 31 December 1979 nationwide. The effect of age at onset of diabetes, attained age at the end of follow-up, sex, diabetes duration and of the presence of diabetic nephropathy on the risk for cardiovascular disease was evaluated. Cases of nephropathy, coronary heart disease, stroke and all cardiovascular diseases were ascertained from the nationwide Finnish Hospital Discharge Register and National Death Register using computer linkage with the Type I diabetes mellitus register. Of the 5148 Type 1 diabetic patients followed up, 159 had a cardiovascular event of which 58 were coronary heart diseases, 57 stroke events and 44 other heart diseases. There were virtually no cases of cardiovascular disease before 12 years diabetes duration. The cumulative incidence of cardiovascular disease by the age of 40 years was 43 % in Type 1 diabetic patients with diabetic nephropathy, compared with 7 % in patients without diabetic nephropathy, similarly in men and women. The relative risk for Type 1 diabetic patients with diabetic nephropathy compared with patients without diabetic nephropathy was 10.3 for coronary heart disease, 10.9 for stroke and 10.0 for any cardiovascular disease, similarly in men and women. The presence of nephropathy in Type I diabetic subjects increases not only the risk of coronary heart disease, but also of stroke by tenfold. [Diabetologia (1998) 41: 784–790]
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001250050988
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The feasibility of combining data from routine Hospital Discharge and Causes-of-Death Registers for epidemiological studies on stroke (2000)
    Springer
    European journal of epidemiology 16 (2000), S. 815-817 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7284
    Keywords: Cerebrovascular disorders ; Epidemiology ; Finland ; Incidence ; Population surveillance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We assessed the validity of hospital discharge data on stroke in Finland and the feasibility of linked hospital discharge and causes-of-death data for epidemiological studies using the FINMONICA Stroke Register as the reference. The results showed that such data can, with some caution, be used for incidence studies and for identifying first stroke events. They cannot, however, be used for assessing secular trends in all stroke events.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1007697720131
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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