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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 96 (1988), S. 135-141 
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Apomorphine ; Sulpiride ; SCH-23390 ; Central drug administration ; Dopamine autoreceptors ; Feeding behaviour ; Microstructural analysis ; Eating rate ; Eating time ; Open field ; Nucleus accumbens ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The inhibition of feeding following the administration of apomorphine, systemically or directly into the nucleus accumbens/ventral striatum, was studied using a microstructural analysis paradigm. On systemic administration, apomorphine reduced food consumption, eating rate and eating time; the effects were blocked by sulpiride but not by SCH-23390. Two doses of apomorphine were administered centrally. Both doses reduced total food intake and eating rate; only the higher dose also reduced eating time; all of these effects were blocked by sulpiride pretreatment. Only the lower dose reduced locomotor activity and rearing in the open field. The results suggest that apomorphine reduces eating rate by an action on dopamine (DA) axon terminal autoreceptors. We have previously demonstrated that apomorphine reduces eating time by an action on DA cell body autoreceptors. Therefore, the two populations of DA autoreceptors appear to be differentially involved in behaviour.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 99 (1989), S. 98-102 
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Sucrose preference ; Two-bottle test ; Dopamine ; Sulpiride ; SCH-23390 ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Effects of the dopamine D2 receptor antagonist sulpiride and the D1 antagonist SCH-23390 were examined, in rats, in two-bottle preference tests (sucrose versus water) and in single-bottle tests, at different sucrose concentrations. Both drugs decreased sucrose intake in single bottle tests, at low sucrose concentrations, but had no effect at high concentrations; reducing drive level had exactly the opposite pattern of effects. In two-bottle tests, both drugs reduced preference for the weakest sucrose concetration (0.7%) but increased preference for the strongest concentration (34%). The effects of antagonizing either subtype of DA receptor appear to be similar to those of reducing the concentration of sucrose.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 109 (1992), S. 433-438 
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Stress ; Sucrose drinking ; Place preference conditioning ; Reward ; Fluoxetine ; Maprotiline ; Chlordiazepoxide ; Rats
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Chronic exposure to mild unpredictable stress has previously been found to depress the consumption of palatable sweet solutions. In the present study this effect was reversed by chronic (9 weeks) treatment with the atypical antidepressants, fluoxetine and maprotiline (5 mg/kg/day); the non-antidepressant chlordiazepoxide was ineffective. Stressed animals were also subsensitive to food reward in the place conditioning procedure; however, fluoxetine and maprotiline treated animals showed normal place preference conditioning. Acute pretreatment with raclopride (100 µg/kg) selectively reversed the recovery of sucrose drinking in antidepressant-treated stressed animals. These results extend previous reports of the efficacy of tricyclic antidepressants in this paradigm, and support the hypothesis of a dopaminergic mechanism of antidepressant action.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 104 (1991), S. 491-495 
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Stress ; Sucrose ; Saccharin ; Antidepressant ; Desmethylimipramine ; Amitriptyline ; Dopamine ; SCH-23390 ; Sulpiride ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Rats subjected chronically (12 weeks) to a variety of mild, unpredictable stressors showed a reduced consumption of sucrose or a sucrose/saccharin mixture in two-bottle consumption tests (sweet solution versus water). The deficit was apparent within 2 weeks of stress; normal behaviour was restored by chronic (7 weeks) treatment with the tricyclic antidepressants desmethylimipramine (DMI) or amitriptyline (AMI). Acute administration of the dopamine D1 receptor antagonist SCH-23390 1 week after withdrawal, or the dopamine D2 receptor antagonist sulpiride 2 weeks after withdrawal, were without effect in vehicle-treated stressed animals, and in non-stressed animals. However, the DA antagonists selectively reversed the improvement of performance in DMI- or AMI-treated stressed animals. This suggests that an increase in functional activity at DA synapses is the mechanism of action of DMI and AMI in this model.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 102 (1990), S. 273-277 
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Feeding ; Fluoxetine ; Fenfluramine ; Behavioural satiety sequence ; Post-prandial resting ; Matching law ; Random interval reinforcement schedules ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Two sets of experiments were carried out to compare the effects of fenfluramine and fluoxetine on consummatory and operant behaviour. In food-deprived rats allowed access to a 35% sucrose solution, an initial period of sucrose consumption was followed by a short period of grooming and exploratory behaviour, later superceded by resting. This “behavioural satiety sequence” was advanced by fluoxetine, but disrupted bydl-fenfluramine, which suppressed post-prandial resting, even at sub-anorectic doses. Fluoxetine also elicited resting behaviour following water drinking. However, this did not appear to be a non-specific sedative effect, since fluoxetine increased post-prandial grooming. In rats performing on random interval schedules of food reinforcement, fluoxetine caused proportionally greater decreases in responding on a reinforcement-lean schedule (RI-300s), as compared to a reinforcement-rich schedule (RI-7.5s); this effect is similar to that of a reduction in level of food deprivation. By contrast, fenfluramine reduced responding equally on both schedules. In both paradigms, the effects of fluoxetine were compatible with an increase in postprandial satiety, but the effects of fenfluramine were not.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Feeding ; Body weight ; Fluoxetine ; Fenfluramine ; Behavioural satiety sequence ; Chronic drug treatment ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Rats were administered fenfluramine (FF: 3 mg/kg) or fluoxetine (FX: 6 mg/kg) daily for 3 weeks. On acute administration, FF suppressed consumption of 35% sucrose (in a 40 min test) and overnight chow intake. Repeated administration saw the rapid development of extensive tolerance to these effects. FF had no effects on body weight, and no withdrawal effects were apparent. FX reduced chow intake and body weight throughout the treatment period, but there was evidence of some tolerance to the suppression of chow intake and sucrose drinking. Following FX withdrawal, normal body weight was restored in 4 days; food intake was normal during this period. A delayed rebound hyperphagia commenced on day 5 of withdrawal, and persisted for at least 6 days. The behavioural satiety sequence (drinking -activity - grooming - resting) was disrupted by acute FF; on chronic treatment, FF advanced the onset of postprandial resting, but also increased drinking time. FX advanced the behavioural satiety sequence on acute administration, but not after chronic treatment. We consider the implications of these results for the use of resting behaviour as an indicator of postprandial satiety.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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