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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Zeitschrift für Rheumatologie 57 (1998), S. 227-230 
    ISSN: 0340-1855
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Wegener-Ganulomatose ; Gangrän ; Wegener-Polyarteriitis-Overlap-Syndrom ; Key words Wegener‘s granulomatosis ; gangrene ; Wegener-polyarteriitis overlap syndrome
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Gangrene of digits is a very rare manifestation of Wegener‘s granulomatosis (WG). We report a case of a 29-year-old woman with nonspecific symptoms like fever, weight loss, arthralgia, arthritis and high systemic inflammatory signs. On the grounds of a presumed infection the patient was treated with antibiotics which showed no effect. Within short she complained of pain and paresthesia of the right foot with a rapid lividity. Angiography demonstrated multiples stenoses and multisegmental occlusions of the lower leg arteries. Together with renal and pulmonal symptoms a WG was suspected, the diagnosis being confirmed by kidney biopsy and positive cANCAs. A few months after starting a combined therapy with cyclophosphamide and corticosteroids the patient showed a partial remission with a residual toe gangrene. Comparing the five worldwide reported cases with digital gangrene and our presentation there is a concordance of all in the occurence of an extremely high disease activity together with a glomerulonephritis. The findings of p-ANCAs in our patient and positive Hbs antigen in another case of WG with digital gangrene suggests a relation to panarteriitis nodosa, where gangren is more common.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Die periphere Gangrän stellt im Rahmen der Wegener-Granulomatose (WG) eine äußerst seltene Manifestation dar. Wir präsentieren den Fall einer 29jährigen Patientin, die hochakut mit zunächst unspezifischen Beschwerden und Befunden wie Fieber, Gewichtsverlust, Arthralgien bzw. Arthritis und hohen serologischen Entzündungszeichen erkrankte und unter Annahme einer Infektion antibiotisch (ohne Besserung) behandelt wurde. Bald darauf kam es schlagartig zu Schmerzen, Pelzigkeit und livider akraler Verfärbung im re. Vorfuß mit rascher Progredienz. Angiographisch zeigten sich multiple Stenosen und multisegmentale Verschlüsse der Unterschenkelarterien. Gleichzeitiger pulmonaler und renaler Befall führten zur Verdachtsdiagnose einer WG, die nierenbioptisch und bei deutlich positiven c-ANCA bestätigt werden konnte. Die kombinierte Therapie mit Kortikoiden und Cyclophosphamid führte zur Teilremission innerhalb weniger Monate mit Restschädigung einer Zehe. Unserem sowie den weiteren fünf weltweit publizierten Fällen mit dieser Manifestation ist gemeinsam, daß stets eine äußerst hohe Gesamtaktivität der Erkrankung und Nierenbeteiligung vorlag. Der gleichzeitige Nachweis von p-ANCA bei unserer Patientin und des HBs-Antigens in einem weiteren Fall läßt in diesen Fällen an eine Verwandtschaft zur Polyarteriitis nodosa (PAN) denken, wo die Gangrän weniger selten vorkommt. Ob es sich hierbei um das Vorliegen zweier koinzidenter Krankheitsbilder oder um Overlap-Fälle handelt, muß offenbleiben, ein Overlap-Syndrom zwischen WG und PAN ist bisher nicht bekannt.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1434-9949
    Keywords: Rheumatoid Arthritis ; Cyclosporin A ; Azathioprine ; Double-Blind Multicentre Study
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary In a prospective randomized double-blind multicentre study cyclosporin A (CyA) and azathioprine (AZA) were compared in 117 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (starting dose CyA 5 mg/kg, AZA 1.5–2 mg/kg). The six-month treatment period was similarly completed in 92 patients with good clinical results in both groups (mean improvement rate CyA vs. AZA: Ritchie-Index 8.2 vs. 7.7, morning stiffness 41.6 vs. 28.4 min., grip strength 10.9 vs. 15.2 mmHg, swollen joint count 28.9 vs. 27.9%). Treatment was discontinued prematurely in 12 patients in each group (CyA: 2 deaths not related to drug, 1 lack of effect, 9 adverse reactions — AZA: 2 drop-outs, 1 lack of effect, 9 adverse reactions). Altogether effectivity and tolerability were equal in both treatment groups with the exception of an increase in blood pressure and serum creatinine which occurred only in the CyA group.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1434-9949
    Keywords: Auranofin ; Gold Sodium Thiomalate ; Rheumatoid Arthritis ; Treatment ; Long-term Treatment ; Gold Salts
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary One hundred twenty-one patients with active RA were randomly assigned to receive 6 mg auranofin (AF)/day (60 patients) or 50 mg gold sodium thiomamate (GST)/week (62 patients) in a double-blind fashion. There were no intergroup differences with respect to sex, age, duration (median 2 years), stage and activity of the disease. In the case of “striking improvement” after 24 weeks a dose reduction to 50 mg GST/month or 4 mg AF/day was allowed and carried out in all GST patients and no AF patient. The serum gold levels were 5 times higher with weekly GST, they approached those of the AF group with monthly GST injections. The clinical parameters — number of swollen joints, activity index, articular index, grip strength, ESR — improved significantly in both groups, but grip strength, articular index and ESR improved more pronounced in the GST group. The X-ray progression (hands and forefeet) was significantly greater in the AF group. Fourthy eight AF patients (80%) and 39 GST patients (36%) completed the first year. Thereafter the study was continued as an open study but the patients were allowed to switch from GST to AF. After the first and second year 14/7 GST patients switched to AF. The second/third year was completed by 37/22 AF pat. (62%/37%) and by 15/8 GST pat. (24%/13%). Skin reactions were more common with GST (41.9%/26.7%), diarrhoea was more common with AF (36.7%/19.4%), proteinuria occurred in 10% in both groups, leucopenia and thrombocytopenia were rare in both groups (1.7%). The withdrawal rate due to adverse events was 10%/26% in the AF/GST group during the first year (p〈0.05) and 25%/32% over the three year period (n.s.). Conclusion Both AF and GST are effective in the long-term treatment of RA, but GST is more so in radiological progression and ESR.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1434-9949
    Keywords: Auranofin ; Gold Treatment ; Disease Modifying Drugs ; Rheumatoid Arthritis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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