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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of freezing on the pigment content in green beans and padrón peppers (1997)
    Springer
    Zeitschrift für Lebensmittel-Untersuchung und -Forschung 205 (1997), S. 148-152 
    Details
    ISSN: 1431-4630
    Keywords: Key words Pigment compounds ; Green beans ; Padrón peppers ; Frozen storage ; Blanching ; HPLC
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract  The amounts of chlorophylls a and b, β-carotene and lutein in green beans, blanched green beans and Padrón peppers, all frozen at −22 °C, were monitored over 12 months by reverse-phase, gradient HPLC (C18 column, visible detection). In unblanched beans, these amounts of the pigments decreased considerably during month 1, but were generally stable during the next 11 months (β-carotene content decreased further in month 2 before stabilizing). Similar results were obtained for blanched beans, but decreases were offset by increases due to blanching (carotenoids) and lipoxygenase deactivation (β-carotene), or enhanced by blanching-induced decreases (chlorophylls). In contrast, the amounts of pigments in frozen Padrón peppers fluctuated around more or less constant values over the 12 months. Freezing in bags sealed under vacuum lead to moderate decreases in chlorophyll a in Padrón peppers and in β-carotene in blanched green beans.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002170050143
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of freezing on the organic acid content of frozen green beans and Padrón peppers (1997)
    Springer
    Zeitschrift für Lebensmittel-Untersuchung und -Forschung 204 (1997), S. 365-368 
    Details
    ISSN: 1431-4630
    Keywords: Key words Deep-freezing ; HPLC ; Organic acids ; Green beans ; Padrón peppers
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract  HPLC (using a C18 column and water at pH 2.2 as the mobile phase) was used to monitor the quantities of oxalic acid (UV detection at 245 nm) and quinic, malic, citric and fumaric acids (UV detection at 215 nm) of deep-frozen (−22 °C) green beans and Padrón peppers over 12 months. Malic, oxalic and citric acid contents decreased considerably in the first month of frozen storage, then oscillated before returning to those one-month levels after 12 months. The amount of fumaric acid increased, most notably in the peppers. Quinic acid was only detected in the peppers; its content also increased. Freezing the vegetables in vacuum-sealed bags did not moderate these changes. Blanching the beans decreased the quantities of all the acids in the vegetable; then, in most cases, values varied similarly to those of the unblanched beans (notably, the citric acid content of the blanched beans doubled during the first 6–8 months of frozen storage, then fell sharply to roughly its initial, post-blanching level). Overall, blanching and then freezing green beans led to greater losses of their organic acids compared to freezing alone.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002170050091
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Identification of two processed pseudogenes of the human Tom20 gene (1998)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 258 (1998), S. 117-122 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Keywords: Key words Mitochondria ; Import receptor ; Human Tom20 ; Nucleotide sequence ; Processed pseudogenes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The open reading frame (ORF) of the human Tom20 gene (hTom20) was amplified by PCR from a HeLa cDNA library using primers based on the sequence of HUMRSC145 and cloned into a pET15b vector. Amplification of human genomic DNA using these primers yielded a DNA fragment of the same size as that of the ORF of hTom20 cDNA. Sequencing of this fragment revealed that: (1) it has the same number of base pairs as the ORF of hTom20 cDNA (438 bp); and (2) the two sequences differ by 14 single base pair substitutions (97% similarity) causing eight changes in the amino acid sequence and two premature stop codons. Further amplification of human genomic DNA adaptor-ligated libraries using primers based on HUMRSC145 revealed three different sequence-related genomic regions; one corresponding to the fragment referred above, another corresponding to the hTom20 gene, and a third fragment of which the sequence differs from the ORF of hTom20 cDNA by only 22 base pair substitutions and a deletion of 4 bp. We conclude that, in addition to the hTom20 gene, there are two genomic DNA sequences (Ψ1Tom20 and Ψ2Tom20) that are processed pseudogenes of hTom20. Aspects concerning their evolutionary origin are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004380050713
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Identification of Ψ3Tom20, a novel processed pseudogene of the human Tom20 gene, and complete characterization of Ψ1Tom20 and Ψ2Tom20 (1999)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 262 (1999), S. 207-211 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Keywords: Key words Mitochondria ; Processed pseudogenes ; Human Tom20 gene ; Import receptor ; Retroposons
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract We report the identification and characterization of Ψ3Tom20, a novel processed pseudogene of the human Tom20 (hTom20) gene, which is 96.2% similarity with the hTom20 cDNA and is 5′ and 3′ truncated. In addition, we present the complete characterization of Ψ1Tom20 and Ψ2Tom20, the two other recently reported members of this pseudogene family. Comparison of the sequences of Ψ3Tom20 with that of the previously reported Ψ2Tom20 revealed and corrected an error in the previously determined sequence of Ψ2Tom20. A detailed analysis of these three pseudogenes, including their flanking regions, is presented. It suggests they probably arose from mRNAs that were polyadenylated at different sites. Possible mechanisms involved in their integration as retroposons are also discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004380051076
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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