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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 415 (1989), S. 429-436 
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Hodgkin's disease ; Immunohistochemistry ; Microenvironment ; Spleen
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Hodgkin's disease in the spleen - with the exception of its B cell variant - behaves quite differently from non Hodgkin's lymphomas with respect to both its spread and microenvironment. Each type of HD appears to create its own microenvironment by the secretion of cytokines responsible for the characteristic cellular composition of the infiltrates and thereby alters the normal immunoarchitecture of the spleen profoundly. While some histological findings seem to imply the presence of a host response against HD especially in the nodular sclerosis subtype, morphological and immunohistochemical evidence in the spleen cannot conclusively substantiate this hypothesis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 411 (1987), S. 179-183 
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Cirrhosis of the liver ; Extramedullary haematopoiesis ; Spleen
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Hitherto it has generally been assumed that splenic haematopoiesis in adult humans occurs very infrequently and is predominantly associated with haematological disorders. In the present study of patients with cirrhosis of the liver, a marked splenic haematopoiesis was a constant finding. Moreover, low-level splenic erythro- and granulopoiesis was highly prevalent even in haematologically normal controls, while splenic thrombopoiesis was conspicuously absent in both groups. We suggest that splenic haematopoiesis results from entrapment and proliferation of circulating haematopoietic precursor cells in the splenic red pulp. This would account for the presence of splenic haematopoiesis in normal controls as well as in patients with cirrhosis of the liver. In the latter, stimulation of bone marrow haematopoiesis and increased splenic pooling of haematopoietic precursor cells may contribute to the marked increase of splenic haematopoiesis observed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Annals of hematology 35 (1977), S. 317-322 
    ISSN: 1432-0584
    Keywords: Spleen ; Thrombocytopenia ; Vinylchloride disease ; Milz ; Thrombozytopenie ; Vinylchlorid-Krankheit
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die Thrombozytopenie stellt bei der Vinylchlorid-Krankheit oft ein Frühsymptom dar. Sie ist auf Grund morphologischer Untersuchungen als splenogen anzusehen. Hierbei spielt neben einer Splenomegalie ein Umbau der Struktur der Filtrationsräume in der roten Pulpa mit Veränderung der Mikrozirkulation eine entscheidende Rolle. Diese Faktoren bewirken durch vermehrte Speicherung und gesteigerten Abbau eine Verminderung der Thrombozytenzahlen im peripheren Blut.
    Notes: Summary Thrombocytopenia is often one of the first signs of vinylchloride disease. Morphological investigations showed that it is caused by splenic alterations. Besides splenomegaly, there are significant structural changes in the red pulp cords affecting the microcirculation. These quantitative and qualitative alterations cause increased platelet pooling and increased destruction of platelets, which result in a decrease in thrombocytes in the peripheral blood.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Human spleen ; Sinus lining cells ; Pulp veins ; Histochemistry ; Electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Sinus and venous walls of normal human spleens were studied with enzyme histochemical and electron microscopic methods. Particular attention was paid to the connections between sinuses and veins. Histochemically the sinus lining cells revealed a distinct naphthol-AS-acetate-esterase activity but no reaction for alkaline phosphatase. Venous endothelial cells were positive for the latter but negative for the former enzyme. In the sinusvenous junctional area there were no endothelial cells with reactivity for both enzymes. Electron microscopically both the sinus lining cells and the venous endothelial cells could be clearly characterized and therefore easily distinguished from one another on morphological grounds. There were no clear ultrastructural indications of transitional forms between sinus lining cells and venous endothelial cells in the sinus-venous area. According to these findings, sinus lining cells represent a specialized endothelium, but one with practically no morpholgical similarities to the venous endothelium.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 151 (1974), S. 337-342 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Spleen ; Sinus lining cells ; Desmosomes ; Intercellular junctions
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary 13 normal and pathological human spleens were studied by electron microscopy. In four cases (1 chronic myeloid leukemia, 1 haemolytic anaemia, 1 idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, 1 traumatic capsular lesion) intercellular junctions between sinus lining cells were found. These included tight junctions, “close junctions”, and intermediate junctions. There were no desmosomes. Such intercellular junctions have not been observed previously in human spleens and occur only rarely. They are thus unevenly distributed. This indicates that they probably do not impede the migration of cells through the sinus wall.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 184 (1977), S. 225-236 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Human spleen ; Splenic innervation ; Electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The innervation of four normal human spleens was investigated by electron microscopy. Unmyelinated nerve fibers accompanied the arterial vascular system up to the arterioles of the red pulp. Neither myelinated nerve fibers nor ganglion cells were seen in the splenic hilum or in the splenic tissue itself. The nerve fibers terminated against the smooth muscle cells of the blood vessels in a manner that is typical of the autonomic nervous system. The terminal axons contained small and large granular vesicles and thus were adrenergic nerve fibers. In contrast to the results of previous studies using silver impregnation methods innervation of the red or white pulp could not be demonstrated. The findings on human spleens agree with those on mammalian spleens obtained by other authors using ultrastructural and fluorescence histochemical methods.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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