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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Schlagwort(e): Fibroblast growth factor (FGF) ; Basic FGF ; Angiogenesis ; Brain tumors ; Immunohistochemistry
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Fibroblast growth factor (FGF) is a potent angiogenic factor and a mitogen for a variety of mesoderm-and neuroectoderm-derived cell types (e.g., fibroblasts, endothelial cells, astrocytes, oligodendrocytes). After application of a monospecific polyclonal antiserum, we localized basic FGF on frozen sections of 73 human brain tumors using immunohisto-chemistry. FGF was present in a variable number of tumor cells (16/16 astrocytomas, 5/5 ependymomas, 0/3 benign and 4/7 anaplastic oligodendrogliomas, 11/12 glioblastomas, 11/11 meningiomas, 6/6 neurilemmomas, 0/3 pituitary adenomas, 2/2 choroid plexus papillomas, 0/1 neurocytoma, 2/2 benign fibrous histiocytomas, 2/5 metastatic carcinomas). FGF was detected in vascular cells of 59 tumors and in fibroblasts of connective tissue stroma from all papillomas and metastases. These results tend to indicate FGF involvement in the malignant progression of gliomas due to an autocrine or paracrine action. Histopathological aspects of malignant gliomas (e.g., pseudopalisading or pathological vessels) could be related to FGF activity.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Journal of bioeconomics 1 (1999), S. 95-113 
    ISSN: 1573-6989
    Schlagwort(e): code of ethics ; competition ; cooperation ; culture ; exchange ; ethnically homogeneous middleman group ; free-rider ; identity ; kinship distance ; meme ; norms ; peacock's tail ; reciprocity ; reputation ; rules of the game ; transaction costs ; trustworthiness
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Wirtschaftswissenschaften
    Notizen: Abstract New institutional economics (NIE) has been very successful in explaining the role of institutions such as the firm, money, and contract law in facilitating production and exchange in human societies. In this paper, I will show that the NIE approach, which so far has been used by economists to analyze institutions and organizations in human society, including the ethnically homogeneous middleman groups, can also be extended to explain the high degree of cooperation and coordination of activities of honeybees, ants, and schooling fish. In addition, the paper emphasize the importance of identity in nonhuman and human societies in eliciting cooperation and in detecting cheaters or fakers. This paper thus contribute to the integration/consilience of economics and biology by providing a more unified view of aspects of the bioeconomics of nonhuman and human societies.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Journal of bioeconomics 1 (1999), S. 269-284 
    ISSN: 1573-6989
    Schlagwort(e): ethnically homogeneous middleman group ; Confucian code of ethics ; culture ; cultural group selection theory ; cultural transmission unit ; group competition ; identity ; infrastructure ; institution ; moral systems ; public good externalities ; transaction costs ; trust ; within-group cooperation
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Wirtschaftswissenschaften
    Notizen: Abstract Overseas Chinese dominate merchant roles in the economies of Southeast Asia. Chinese merchant success has generated envy and hatred by indigenous populations, resulting in episodes of racial violence toward the Chinese. In order to understand the economic basis of inter-ethnic conflict and violence, it is necessary to understand the economic basis of success of Chinese merchants in Southeast Asia. The paper presents an economic theory of Chinese middleman success. Central to the theory is the idea that the Confucian code of ethics which emphasize the importance of mutual aid/reciprocity among kinsmen, fellow-villagers and those speaking the same dialect, enabled the Chinese to cooperate among members of their own dialect group to form a club-like ethnically homogeneous middleman group (EHMG) for the provision of infrastructure, essential for middleman entrepreneurship. Chinese merchants embedded in the EHMG were able to economize on transaction costs, and this gave them a differential advantage to out-compete other ethnic groups to appropriate merchant roles. The EHMG functions also as a 'cultural transmission unit' transmitting Confucian ethics to future generations of Chinese middlemen, hence maintaining Chinese merchant roles over time. The paper draws on some key concepts in the New Institutional Economics literature as well as modern evolutionary biology.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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