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  • In vivo microdialysis  (1)
  • Key words: Attenuation, crust, frequency dependence, high-frequency seismic waves, quality factor.  (1)
  • Keywords Insulin gene  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Frequency-dependent Attenuation of High-frequency P and S Waves in the Upper Crust in Western Nagano, Japan (1998)
    Springer
    Pure and applied geophysics 153 (1998), S. 489-502 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9136
    Keywords: Key words: Attenuation, crust, frequency dependence, high-frequency seismic waves, quality factor.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract —Borehole seismograms from local earthquakes in the aftershock region of the 1984 western Nagano Prefecture, Japan earthquake were analyzed to measure the frequency-dependent characteristics of P- and S-wave attenuation in the upper crust. The records from a three-component velocity seismometer at the depth of 145m exhibit high S/N-ratio in a wide frequency range up to 100 Hz. Extended coda normalization methods were applied to bandpass-filtered seismograms of frequencies from 25 to 102 Hz. For the attenuation of high-frequency P and S waves, our measurements show Q P -1≃ 0.052ƒ-0.66 and Q S -1≃ 0.0034ƒ-0.12 respectively. The frequency dependence of the quality factor of S waves is very weak as compared with that of P waves. The ratio of Q P -1/Q S -1 is larger than unity in the entire analyzed frequency range.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s000240050205
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    GGAAAT motifs play a major role in transcriptional activity of the human insulin gene in a pancreatic islet beta-cell line MIN6 (1996)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 39 (1996), S. 1462-1468 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Keywords Insulin gene ; GG motif ; transcription ; pancreatic islet ; MIN6.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The insulin gene is specifically expressed in pancreatic islet beta cells. Various cis-acting DNA elements in the 5 ′-flanking region of the human insulin gene were examined for their contribution to the transcriptional activity using sensitive human growth hormone (hGH) reporter plasmids. The hGH constructs, having successively deleted human insulin promoter sequences, were transfected to a pancreatic islet beta-cell line MIN6. The deletion of two GGAAAT (GG) motifs, GG2 at –145 to –140 bp and GG1 at –134 to –129 bp, decreased the transcriptional activity to 6.5 % of that of the promoter sequence from –156 to + 1 bp. The selective mutations in both GG motifs also decreased the transcriptional activity to 5.5 %. One-base mutations of GG2 and GG1 decreased the transcriptional activity to 82 and 11 %, respectively. The two-base mutations between GG2 and GG1 affected the transcriptional activity more strongly than those just outside the GG motifs. A single set of GG motifs in the upstream of thymidine kinase promoter increased the transcriptional activity to 216 % compared to that of thymidine kinase promoter alone in MIN6 cells. With an electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA), a nuclear factor in MIN6 cells was shown to bind the DNA fragments containing two GG motifs. This factor did not bind to another GGAAAT-like sequence at –313 to –305 bp in the human insulin gene. These results suggested that the GG motifs contributed to the cell-specific transcription of the human insulin gene in association with the binding of the sequence-specific nuclear factor. [Diabetologia (1996) 39: 1462–1468]
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001250050599
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Regulation of nucleus accumbens dopamine release by the dorsal raphe nucleus in the rat (1992)
    Springer
    Neurochemical research 17 (1992), S. 401-407 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6903
    Keywords: In vivo microdialysis ; dopamine ; serotonin ; nucleus accumbens ; dorsal raphe nucleus ; microinfusions
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The effects of microinfusingl-glutamate, serotonin (5-HT), (±)-8-hydroxy-2-(di-N-propylamino) tetralin (8-OH DPAT; a 5-HT1A agonist), and muscimol (a GABAA agonist) into the dorsal raphe nucleus on the extracellular levels of 5-HT, dopamine (DA) and their metabolites in the nucleus accumbens were studied in unanesthetized, freely moving, adult male Wistar rats, using the technique of microdialysis coupled with small-bore HPLC. Administration of 0.75 μgl-glutamate produced a 25–50% increase (P〈0.05) in the extracellular levels of both 5-HT and DA. On the other hand, infusion of 8-OH DPAT and, to a lesser extent, 5-HT produced a significant (P〈0.05) decrease in the extracellular levels of both 5-HT and DA. Muscimol (0.25 or 0.50 μg) had little effect on the extracellular concentrations of 5-HT or DA following its administration. In general, the extracellular levels of the major metabolites of 5-HT and DA in the nucleus accumbens were not altered by microinfusion of any of the agents. The data indicate that (a) the 5-HT neurons projecting to the nucleus accumbens from the dorsal raphe nucleus can be activated by excitatory amino acid receptors and inhibited by stimulation of 5-HT1A autoreceptors, and (b) the dorsal raphe nucleus 5-HT neuronal system may regulate the ventral tegmental area DA projection to the nucleus accumbens.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00969884
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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