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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 356 (1997), S. 671-677 
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Keywords: Key words Rat anococcygeus muscle ; Muscarinic ; receptor subtypes ; Muscarinic agonists ; Muscarinic ; antagonists ; M3 receptors ; Stereoselectivity ; Hexahydro-difenidol
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The present study was designed to characterize the postjunctional muscarinic receptors mediating contraction in rat anococcygeus muscle by means of a series of muscarinic agonists and subtype-preferring key muscarinic antagonists. Cumulative addition of muscarinic agonists elicited concentration-dependent contractions with the following rank order of potency (pD2 values): (+)-muscarine (6.36) ≥ oxotremorine M (6.21) ≥ arecaidine propargyl ester (APE) (6.18) 〉 carbachol (5.68)=(±)-methacholine (5.65) 〉 4-(4-chlorophenyl-carbamoyloxy)-2-butynyltrimethylammonium chloride (4-Cl-McN-A-343) (4.28) 〉 4-(3-chlorophenylcarbamoyloxy)-2-butynyltrimethylammonium chloride (McN-A-343) (3.89). (+)-Muscarine, oxotremorine M, carbachol and (±)-methacholine behaved as full agonists, whereas APE, 4-Cl-McN-A-343 and McN-A-343 displayed partial agonism. The contractile responses of the rat anococcygeus muscle to (±)-methacholine were competitively antagonized by pirenzepine (pA2=6.92), 11-[[4-[4-(diethylamino)butyl]-1-piperidinyl]acetyl] 5,11-dihydro-6H-pyrido(2,3-b)(1,4)-benzodiazepine-6-one (AQ-RA 741; pA2=6.75), himbacine (pA2=7.11), (±)-p-fluoro-hexahydro-sila-difenidol (p-F-HHSiD; pA2=7.68) and the (R)- and (S)-enantiomers of hexahydro-difenidol [(R)-HHD: pA2=8.52; (S)-HHD: pA2=6.06]. A comparison of the pA2 values derived from studies of contraction in rat anococcygeus muscle with literature binding (pKi values) and functional affinities (pA2 values) obtained at native M1-M4 receptors strongly suggests that the postjunctional muscarinic receptors mediating contraction in rat anococcygeus muscle are of the M3 subtype.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Sila-Pharmaca, 371). - Preparation and Properties of tbe Enantiomers of the Antimuscarinic Agents Sila-Procyclidine and Sila-Tricyclamol Iodide: optically Active Silanols with Silicon as the Centre of Chirality2)The enantiomers of sila-procyclidine (R)-1b and (S)-1b [ 〉 97% ee (NMR), 99.7% ee (DSC)] were obtained by resolution with L-(+)- and D-(-)-tartaric acid, respectively. Starting from (R)-1b and (S)-1b, the hydrochlorides (R)-2b and (S)-2b were prepared and the enantiomers of sila-tricyclamol iodide (R)-3b and (S)-3b [ 〉 96% ee (NMR)] were synthesized by reaction with CH3I. The optically active silanols show configurational stability in the crystalline state and in inert solvents, whereas they racemize in aqueous solution (3b faster than 1b). By analogy with the stereoselectivity of antimuscarinic action of the enantiomers of the carbon analogues procyclidine (1a) and tricyclamol iodide (3a), the (R) enantiomers of 1b and 3b show a greater affinity for the ileal M2β and atrial M2α muscarinic receptors of the guinea pig than the corresponding (S) antipodes. All silicon compounds exhibit a greater antimuscarinic potency than their carbon analogues, whereas the stereoselectivity of action is more pronounced for the carbon compounds. The differences in affinity for (R)-1b and (S)-1b for ileal and atrial muscarinic receptors confirm the present concept of heterogeneity in muscarinic M2 receptors (M2α: atrial type; M2β: ileal type).
    Notes: Durch Racematspaltung mit L-(+)- bzw. D-(-)-Weinsäure wurden die Enantiomere des Sila-Procyclidins (R)-1b und (S)-1b erhalten [〉 97% ee (NMR), 99.7% ee (DSC)]. Daraus wurden die Hydrochloride (R)-2b und (S)-2b und durch Umsetzung mit CH3I die Enantiomere des Sila-Tricyclamol-iodids (R)-3b und (S)-3b [ 〉 96% ee (NMR)] hergestellt. Die optisch aktiven Silanole sind in kristalliner Form und in inerten Lösungsmitteln konfigurationsstabil, während sie in wässeriger Lösung racemisieren (3b schneller als 1b). In Analogie zur Stereoselektivität der antimuskarinischen Wirkung der Enantiomere der Kohlenstoff-Analoga Procyclidin (1a) und Tricyclamol-iodid (3a) besitzen die (R)-Enantiomere von 1b und 3b eine größere Affinität zu den ilealen M2β- und atrialen M2α- Muskarinrezeptoren des Meerschweinchens als die (S)-Antipoden. Alle Silicium-Verbindungen sind stärker antimuskarinisch wirksam als ihre Kohlenstoff-Analoga, deren Stereoselektivität jedoch stärker ausgeprägt ist. Die Unterschiede in der Affinität von (R)-1b und (S)-1b zu den ilealen und atrialen Muskarinrezeptoren bestätigen das Konzept der Heterogenität muskarinischer M2-Rezeptoren (M2α: atrialer Typ; M2β: ilealer Typ).
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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