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  • Intestinal ecology  (1)
  • Key words: Hands-on training course — Minimal invasive surgery — Laparoscopic anterior interbody spine fusion — Porcine model  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Surgical endoscopy and other interventional techniques 13 (1999), S. 118-122 
    ISSN: 1432-2218
    Keywords: Key words: Hands-on training course — Minimal invasive surgery — Laparoscopic anterior interbody spine fusion — Porcine model
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background: Although it is widely proposed that surgeons, before introducing a novel laparoscopic technique in man, should practice in an appropriate animal model for acquisition of the necessary technical skills, the effectiveness of those hands-on training courses are rarely documented. Methods: In 1995 we have organized eight hands-on training courses for laparoscopic anterior interbody spine fusion in an in vivo porcine model. A total of 72 colleagues from 50 different centers of 12 countries participated, including orthopedic, trauma, visceral, neuro-, and vascular surgeons. Quality and effectiveness of the course were evaluated by a questionnaire after a 1.5- to 2.5-year period. Results: During this time, 42.2% of the participating centers had applied the new technique successfully in man. Centers which participated in the course with a team that included a skilled laparoscopic surgeon and an orthopedic or trauma surgeon introduced the technique more frequently to clinical practice (57.9%) than those represented by only one participant (30.8%). Moreover, there was a tendency toward a more frequent introduction of the technique to clinical practice in centers associated with university hospitals (57.1% vs. 29.2%), indicating the requirement of a particular infrastructure for this complex interdisciplinary procedure. Almost all participants (98.3%) agreed that for novel surgical techniques requiring advanced technical skills, there should first be training in a large animal model before the technique is applied in man. Conclusions: Complex laparoscopic procedures (i.e., laparoscopic spine surgery) can be successfully learned by in vivo hands-on training courses. We propose that for refinements and modifications of the technique (e.g., the lumboscopic approach), there should also first be training in a large animal model before these are applied in man.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1435-2451
    Keywords: Intestinal ecology ; Muscular sphincter-replacement ; Ultrasonic tissue fragmentation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Experimentell wurde em intestinaler Neosphinkter (INS) aus 3 Muskelschichten konstruiert. Dazu wurde das Prinzip der ileokolischen Nippel-Valve-Anastomose dahingehend abgewandelt. daß die kontaktierende Serosa des Ileums und die korrespondierende Mukosa von Ileum und Kolon durch Ultraschallfragmentation entfernt werden. Die dadurch beabsichtigte kompakte Verheilung der Muskelschichten wurde histomorphologisch kontrolliert. Die Funktion des intestinalen Neosphinkters als Ileozäkalklappenersatz wurde im intraindividuellen Vergleich bei 6 Hunden überprüft. Morphologisch waren die Neosphinkteren nach 3 Monaten ohne verstärkte Fibrosebildung stabil verheilt. Die Referenzwerte der Keimbesiedlung im terminalen Ileum lagen bei der physiologischen Ileozäkalklappe für aerobe und anaerobe Keime im Median deutlich um mehr als 2 Zehnerpotenzen niedriger als im Kolon, wobei dieser Unterschied nur bei den anaeroben Keimzahlen statistisch signifikant war (p〈0,05). Während nach Resektion der Ileozäkalklappe und Anlage einer End-zu-End-Anastomose qualitativ und quantitativ die bakterielle Kolonisation des Ileums nachgewiesen wurde, führte die danach erfolgte Interposition des Neosphinkters wieder zur mikrobiellen Clearance des terminalen Ileums. Die medianen aeroben Keimzahlen sanken um 6 Zehnerpotenzen gegenüber dem Kolon, die anaeroben um 3 Zehnerpotenzen. Obwohl die mediane Keimreduzierung im terminalen Ileum beim Neosphinkter damit besser war als bei der physiologischen Ileozäkalklappe, konnte eine statistische Signifikanz wegen großer Streubreiten der Einzelwerte nicht gesichert werden. Die trotzdem nachweisbare Clearance des terminalen Ileums wird durch die absolut stagnationsfreie orthograde Durchgängigkeit und die relative (his 100 cm Bariumsäule) retrograde Druckkompetenz des Neosphinkters erklärt. Mit Hilfe der Ultraschallfragmentation von Serosa und Mukosa des Darmes läßt sich ein mehrschichtiger muskulärer intestinaler Neosphinkter herstellen, der eine bakterielle Milieutrennung zwischen verschiedenen Darmabschnitten erzeugt. Vor klinischer Einführung als Ileozäkalklappenersatz bei Kurzdarmsyndrom sollte die Integration in die intestinale Motilität durch weitere experimentelle Studien erhärtet werden.
    Notes: Abstract In an experimental study an intestinal neosphincter (INS) was constructed by modifying the principle of the ileocolic nipple-valve anastomosis by means of ultrasonic tissue fragmentation of the contacting serosa of the ileum and the corresponding mucosa of the ileum and colon. The healing of the muscle layers was studied histologically. The function of the INS was investigated in six dogs and compared intraindividually with that of the ileocecal valve and conventional end-to-end anastomosis. Morphologically the neospincters healed within 3 months without major fibrosis. The reference values of the aerobic and anaerobic bacterial counts in the terminal ileum were more than 2 logs lower than in the colon with the normal ileocecal valve, and after ileo-colonic end-to-end anastomosis bacterial colonization of the terminal ileum was found both qualitatively and quantitatively. Subsequent interposition of the INS led to bacterial clearance of the terminal ileum. The median aerobic bacterial counts were lower by six logs and the an aerobic bacterial counts by 3 logs than in the colon. However, differences were not statistically significant owing to the wide variation in the individual values. Nevertheless, the demonstrable clearance of the terminal ileum could be explained by the orthograde passage with absolutely no stagnation and the relative competence of the INS in resisting retrograde pressure competence. In conclusion, ultrasonic fragmentation of the serosa and mucosa of the bowel allows construction of an INS from three muscle layers, which acts as a bacteriological barrier. Before it is introduced into the clinical setting its integration into the intestinal motility should be evaluated by further studies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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