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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-0584
    Keywords: Key words Acute myeloid leukemia ; Myelodysplastic syndrome ; Secondary leukemia ; Interleukin-2 ; G-CSF
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Intensive chemotherapy followed by treatment with interleukin-2 (IL-2) was evaluated in a prospective, randomized, multicenter trial including 18 patients with refractory anemia with excess of blasts in transformation (RAEB-T), 86 patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) evolving from myelodysplastic syndromes, and six patients with secondary AML after previous chemotherapy. Median age was 58 years (range: 18–76 years). Forty-nine patients (45%) achieved a complete remission (CR) after two induction cycles with idarubicin, ara-C, and etoposide, 52% of them aged ≤60 years and 35% aged 〉60 years (p=0.06). After two consolidation courses, patients were randomized to four cycles of either high- or low-dose IL-2. Patients aged up to 55 years with an HLA-identical sibling donor were eligible for allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. The median relapse-free survival was 12.5 months, with a probability of ongoing CR at 6.5 years of 19%. Overall survival of all patients was 8 months, and 21 months for the CR patients. Median survival was significantly longer among patients aged ≤60 years than among the older patients (16 vs 6 months, p〈0.001). Median duration of survival and relapse-free survival were not statistically different in the two IL-2 treatment arms.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1433-0563
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Nierenzellkarzinom ; Metastasiert ; Immunchemotherapie ; Key words Renal cell carcinoma ; Metastasis ; Immunotherapy ; Chemotherapy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Interleukin-2 (IL-2) and interferon-α (IFN-α) were both administered subcutaneously (SC) in combination with intravenously (IV) applied 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) for the treatment of patients with metastasized renal cell carcinoma (RCC). The therapy protocol consisted of a treatment cycle of 8 weeks, which could be carried out in an outpatient regimen. The IFN-α was given in each of the 8 weeks (6–9 MU/m2 once to three times weekly SC) combined sequentially with IL-2 (5–20 MU/m2 three times weekly SC for 4 weeks) and 5-FU (750 mg/m2 IV weekly for 4 weeks). Among the 30 consecutive patients treated, in 2 cases a complete, and in 9 cases a partial, remission was achieved in patients with mostly lung and skeletal metastases, with an overall objective response rate of 37 %. Mean response duration was 8 months (range 3–18 months). A stable state of the disease lasting 3–18 months was observed in 10 cases. The side effects were only slight and corresponded to toxicity grade I (n = 2), grade II (n = 22) and grade III (n = 6), according to the WHO classification. In conclusion, this triple-drug biochemotherapy demonstrated significant clinical effectiveness comparable with that of an aggressive IL-2 treatment regimen (applied IV), but without its high toxicity.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Ziel dieser Untersuchung war es, die Effektivität und Toxizität einer Immunchemotherapie beim metastasierten Nierenzellkarzinom zu überprüfen. Die Zytokine Interleukin-2 (IL-2) und Interferon-α (IFN-α) – jeweils subkutan (sc) injiziert – wurden mit i. v.-appliziertem 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) kombiniert. Das Therapieschema bestand aus einem 8 wöchigen Behandlungszyklus. Dabei wurde IFN-α in jeder dieser 8 Wochen mit unterschiedlicher Dosierung (6-9 Mio. U/m2 Körperoberfläche (KO) 1- bis 3 mal pro Woche) appliziert. Zusätzlich erfolgte nacheinander jeweils für 4 Wochen die Gabe von IL-2 (5–20 Mio. IU/m2 KO 3 mal pro Woche) bzw. 5-FU (750 mg/m2 KO einmal wöchentlich). Bei Ansprechen der Therapie wurde dieser Zyklus ggf. 1- bis 2 mal wiederholt. 30 Patienten wurden nach diesem Schema behandelt. Die Nachbeobachtungszeit betrug durchschnittlich 11 (3–18) Monate. In 2 Fällen war eine komplette (CR: Dauer 3 und 9 Monate) und in 9 Fällen eine partielle Remission (PR: 3–14 Monate) überwiegend bei Lungen- und Skelettmetastasen nachzuweisen. Dies entspricht einer objektiven Ansprechrate (CR + PR) von 37 %. Bei 10 Patienten war für die Dauer von 3–18 Monaten ein stabiler Krankheitszustand zu beobachten. Die Nebenwirkungen waren gering und entsprachen einer Toxizität Grad I (n = 2), Grad II (n = 22) und Grad III (n = 6) nach der WHO-Klassifikation; 7 Patienten sind zwischenzeitlich an einer Progredienz der Erkrankung nach durchschnittlich 12 (4–18) Monaten verstorben. Zusammenfassend ist festzustellen, daß diese Immunchemotherapie eine ebenso hohe klinische Effektivität aufweist wie wesentlich aggressivere Therapieschemata mit i. v.-appliziertem IL-2, jedoch ohne deren ausgeprägte Toxizität.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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