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  • Keywords: L-arginine, L-glutamate, L-citrulline, nitric oxide, nitrate, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, multiple system atrophy, cerebrospinal fluid, biopterin.  (1)
  • Multiple sclerosis  (1)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Limited duration of the effect of methylprednisolone on changes on MRI in multiple sclerosis (1994)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 36 (1994), S. 382-387 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Multiple sclerosis ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Corticosteroid ; Gadolinium
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Treatment with methylprednisolone reduces the duration and severity of clinical relapses in multiple sclerosis (MS), while reducing the number of gadolinium-enhancing lesions on T1-weighted MRI. We performed serial MRI imaging after methylprednisolone treatment to see whether suppression of enhancement persists and whether related abnormalities on T2-weighted images disappear at follow-up. Thirteen patients with definite MS received a total of 31 courses of methylprednisolone over an average period of 50 weeks. Gadolinium-enhanced MRI was obtained before and after treatment, then at monthly intervals, using a standardised repositioning and imaging protocol. Two experienced readers in conference defined the number of active (gadolinium-enhancing and new or enlarging nonenhancing) lesions. We detected 609 active lesions on 195 examinations. Directly after treatment the reduction in the number of enhancing lesions was 78%, indicating restoration of the BBB and suppression of inflammation. It was uncommon for a lesion which stopped enhancing to show enhancement on a subsequent examination. No beneficial effect was observed on the rate of disappearance of related abnormalities on T2-weighted images, indicating persistent change such as oedema, cellular infiltration or demyelination. Moreover, in 89% of cases, an increase in the number of active lesions was observed before new clinical activity, if any, was observed (on average 52% earlier). MRI enabled us to demonstrate that the duration of the effect of methylprednisolone treatment is temporary (on average 9.7 weeks).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00612124
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    L-Glutamate, L-arginine and L-citrulline levels in cerebrospinal fluid of Parkinson's disease, multiple system atrophy, and Alzheimer's disease patients (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of neural transmission 107 (2000), S. 183-189 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1463
    Keywords: Keywords: L-arginine, L-glutamate, L-citrulline, nitric oxide, nitrate, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, multiple system atrophy, cerebrospinal fluid, biopterin.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary. Alterations in neuronal nitric oxide (NO) production may play a role in the pathophysiology of Parkinson's disease (PD) Alzheimer's disease (AD), and multiple system atrophy (MSA). The biosynthesis of NO is dependent on the availability of L-arginine, the substrate for NO-synthase (NOS), and on L-glutamate, which stimulates NO synthesis via the NMDA receptor. In this process L-citrulline is formed. We measured the levels of these amino acids in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of 108 PD patients, 12 AD patients, 15 MSA patients and 21 healthy subjects. A slight but statistically significant elevation of CSF L-citrulline was found in MSA patients, while CSF L-glutamate was found to be significantly decreased in AD patients. We found no significant changes in L-arginine levels. Although the relation between the CSF levels of these amino acids and neuronal NO production is still unclear, our findings suggest that AD is associated with a decrease in NO synthesis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s007020050016
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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