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  • Keywords Aldose reductase inhibitor, polyol pathway, diabetic macroangiopathy, galactose.  (1)
  • aldose reductase inhibitor  (1)
  • carotid artery  (1)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An aldose redutase inhibitor prevents the intimal thickening in coronary arteries of galactose-fed beagle dogs (1999)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 42 (1999), S. 1404-1409 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Keywords Aldose reductase inhibitor, polyol pathway, diabetic macroangiopathy, galactose.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Aims/hypothesis. Although increased polyol pathway activity has been implicated in the pathogenesis of diabetic microangiopathy, the relation with diabetic macroangiopathy remains unclear. Galactose feeding is known to stimulate the polyol pathway and to develop abnormalites similar to those in diabetic microangiopathy. Our study was conducted to investigate whether an activation of polyol pathway by long-term treatment with galactose produced morphological changes in coronary arteries of dogs and the effect of an aldose reductase inhibitor, epalrestat, was also studied.¶Methods. Dogs received either normal chow or chow containing 30 % galactose with or without epalrestat given orally (20 or 50 mg · kg–1). After 44 months, morphometric analyses of coronary arteries were carried out and the galactitol contents in aortas were measured.¶Results. The ratio of areas of the intimal layer to those of the medial layer, an indicator of intimal thickening, was statistically significantly increased in galactose-fed dogs compared with control dogs. Galactose-fed dogs had a remarkable accumulation of galactitol in their aortas. These morphological and biochemical deficits were reduced by treatment with epalrestat.¶Conclusion/interpretation. This report morphologically shows diabetes-like macrovascular abnormalities in galactosaemic animals, suggesting that polyol pathway hyperactivity is closely related to the development of diabetic macroangiopathy, which could be prevented by aldose reductase inhibition. [Diabetologia (1999) 42: 1404–1409]
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001250051310
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The incidence and characteristics of silent cerebral infarction in elderly diabetic patients: association with serum-soluble adhesion molecules (1998)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 41 (1998), S. 911-917 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Keywords Silent cerebral infarction ; adhesion molecules ; ICAM-1 ; VCAM-1 ; E-selectin ; carotid artery ; diabetes mellitus.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between complications arising from silent cerebral infarction (SCI) and changes in the levels of serum-soluble adhesion molecules in 82 elderly diabetic patients aged 60 years and older. SCI was found in 43 % of the 82 patients, with incidence increasing in relation to age. The prevalence of SCI was higher in subjects with hypertension, poor metabolic control and increased fibrinolysis. The levels of soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (sVCAM-1) and E-selectin (sE-selectin) were higher in diabetic patients than in non-diabetic subjects (p 〈 0.05, p 〈 0.001, and p 〈 0.05, respectively). Also, sICAM-1 and sVCAM-1 were found at increased levels in diabetic patients with SCI compared to those without SCI (p 〈 0.01 and p 〈 0.05, respectively). In particular, the level of sICAM-1 was increased in patients with SCI due to perforating arterial occlusion, while the level of sVCAM-1 was increased in patients with SCI due to cortical arterial occlusion. However, no significant difference was found in sE-selectin levels. Overall average of the intima and media thickness (IMT) of the common carotid arteries increased with age. IMT proved to be greater in patients with SCI than in patients without SCI (p 〈 0.05), and showed a weak but significant positive correlation with sVCAM-1, while no correlation was found with either sICAM-1 or sE-selectin levels. In conclusion, measurement of serum adhesion molecules may be useful for diagnosing the early stages of brain damage and for prophylactic treatment which may prevent the onset or progression of SCI. [Diabetologia (1998) 41: 911–917]
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001250051007
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of a fructose-rich diet and the aldose reductase inhibitor, ONO-2235, on the development of diabetic neuropathy in streptozotocin-treated rats (1985)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 28 (1985), S. 176-180 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Fructose-rich diet ; aldose reductase inhibitor ; ONO-2235 ; diabetic neuropathy ; polyol pathway ; sorbitol ; sciatic nerve ; retina ; erythrocyte
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Streptozotocin-diabetic rats were maintained on a 72% fructose diet for 4 weeks and some were treated with an aldose reductase inhibitor (either alrestatin: 0.9 g · kg−1 · day−1 or ONO-2235: 50 mg · kg−1 · day−1). Fructose feeding significantly influenced the development of impaired motor nerve conduction velocity in the diabetic rats and this effect was positively correlated with sorbitol accumulation in the sciatic nerve of diabetic rats maintained on a fructose-rich diet. Treatment with ONO-2235, a new aldose reductase inhibitor, prevented both slowing of motor nerve conduction velocity and elevation of nerve sorbitol concentration. On the other hand, erythrocyte sorbitol levels were significantly correlated to those of the sciatic nerve (r=0.86, p〈0.001) and the retina (r=0.91, p〈0.001) in these animals. Thus, our findings suggest that increased polyol pathway activity may be related to the pathogenesis of diabetic neuropathy and erythrocyte sorbitol concentrations may prove a useful indicator for the presence of diabetic complications.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00273868
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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