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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of shock-loading of heavy metals on total organic carbon and phosphate removal in an anaerobic-aerobic activated sludge process (1994)
    Springer
    World journal of microbiology and biotechnology 10 (1994), S. 308-312 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0972
    Keywords: Cadmium ; copper ; phosphate ; shock loading ; total organic carbon ; toxicity ; zinc
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract The effect of shock-loading of zinc, copper and cadmium ions on the removal of total organic carbon (TOC) and phosphate in an anaerobic-aerobic activated sludge process was investigated. TOC removal was not sensitive to shock-loading of Zn2+ and Cd2+ ions, and complete removal was achieved even at 20 mg Zn2+/l and 20 mg Cd2+/l. However, with over 1 mg Cu2+/1 TOC removal efficiency decreased. PO inf4 sup3- removal, in contrast, was extremely sensitive to these metal ions, with the threshold being 1 mg Zn2+/l and 1 mg Cd2+/l. Higher concentrations adversely affected PO inf4 sup3- removal. Copper again proved detrimental; no PO inf4 sup3- removal was achieved even at 1 mg Cu/l. These results highlight the sensitivity of the removal efficiencies of TOC and PO inf4 sup3- to shock loadings of these heavy metals.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00414870
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Uptake of cadmium and zinc by the alga Chlorella vulgaris: II. Multi-ion situation (1991)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 37 (1991), S. 445-455 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: synergism antagonism ; metal uptake ; Chlorella vulgaris ; cadmium ; zinc ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Many microorganisms are capable of sequestering and concentrating heavy metals from their aqueous environment. While much research has beep carried out on the uptake of single species of metal ions, little attention seems to have been given to the study of multimetal ion systems. A mathematical model has previously been developed to describe the uptake of individual metal species by a microorganism. The model proposes two sequential processes: an initial rapid uptake due to cellular surface adsorption and a subsequent slow uptake due to membrane transport of the metal into the cells. This article extends the treatment by considering the uptake of two metal species together, cadmium and zinc, under different experimental conditions. The results are discussed in terms of possible mechanistic interactions.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260370506
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bioremediation of oil contaminated beach sediments using indigenous microorganisms in singapore (1999)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 19 (1999), S. 225-233 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The potential of using indigenous microorganisms in beach sediments to degrade petroleum hydrocarbons emanating from marine oil spillages in the Straits of Singapore was investigated. A field trial was conducted using oil contaminated beach sediments from Pulau Semakau - a small island 15 km south of Singapore. The results clearly show that the addition of inorganic nutrients to beach sediments significantly enhanced the activity of indigenous microorganisms (measured using the dehydrogenase enzyme assay and viable cell count techniques), as well as the removal of total recoverable petroleum hydrocarbons (TRPH) over a 50-day study period (with up to 44% in the case of nutrient addition). The potential of exploiting in-situ bioremediation techniques for oil spill clean-up operations in tropical marine environments is discussed.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370190309
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Advanced primary treatment of waste water using a bio-flocculation-adsorption sedimentation process (2000)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 20 (2000), S. 53-64 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: An advanced primary treatment process for a municipal waste water was systematically studied, using a bio-flocculation-adsorption, sedimentation and stabilzation process (BSS). It was shown that the organic removal efficiency was higher than that of the traditional primary treatment processes but lower than that of the traditional secondary treatment processes. Both adsorption and bio-flocculation played an important role in the removal of pollutants. The activated sludge within the bio-flocculation-adsorption tank could be considered a bio-flocculent which improved the quality of the effluent from the primary treatment process. As the effluent of the BSS process did not meet the requirements for a typical secondary effluent, the process may be regarded as an advanced (or enhanced) primary treatment process, suitable for waste water containing a high concentration of suspended solids and colloidal particles.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370200109
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Innovative use of Thiobacillus ferrooxidans for the biological machining of metals (2000)
    Berlin : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Biotechnologica 20 (2000), S. 87-96 
    Details
    ISSN: 0138-4988
    Keywords: Life Sciences ; Life Sciences (general)
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Preliminary results on the novel use of the bacterium Thiobacillus ferrooxidans (ATCCJ 3598 and ATCC33020) for the micro-machining (or biomachinig) of metals are reported. Biomachning is a controlled microbiological process to selectively form microstrucutures on a metal work-piece by metal removal (or dissolution) using microorganisms. Applying copper and mild steel as work-pieces, it was shown that the mass removed increased proportionately with machining time. In another experiment, the work-pieces were coated with organic photo-resistive materials to mask (i.e. protect) certain regions of the metlas, thereby defining the microstructure to be formed. The unmasked regions were successfully biomachined; the final machined profile was shown to be similar to the coating image on the original metal. Although biomachining proceeded at a slower rate than chemical machining, the undesired leaching of the metal in the region under the masked area (termed undercutting) was not as severely encountered when compared with the latter. This work demonstrates the potential use of microorganisms for the biomachining of metals. As a “green process”, the innovative use of T. ferrooxidans for the micro-machining of metals opens up the possibility of biomachining as an alternative to conventional metal processing.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/abio.370200202
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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