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  • Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes  (3)
  • myocardial infarction  (3)
  • cerebrovascular disease  (2)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A prospective study of mortality among middle-aged diabetic patients (the London cohort of the WHO Multinational Study of Vascular Disease in Diabetics) I: causes and death rates (1990)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 33 (1990), S. 538-541 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Mortality ; Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes ; Type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes ; standardised mortality ratio ; myocardial infarction ; ischaemic heart disease
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The 497 members of the London Cohort of the WHO Multinational Study of Vascular Disease in Diabetics have been followed for mortality from 1975 to 1987. During this period 92 patients died. The most common cause of death was myocardial infarction: 36 (39.1%) deaths, heart disease was responsible for 51.1% of deaths and all cardiovascular disease for 55.4%. Neoplastic disease accounted for 25% of the deaths and diabetic nephropathy for 5.4%. Age-standardised mortality rates were higher in men than in women in both Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes and Type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes. Standardised mortality ratios for the first and second five year follow-up periods were higher for men than for women in Type 2 diabetes but were higher for women than men in Type 1. The results suggest that the female survival advantage seen in the general population may persist in Type 2 but not in Type 1 diabetes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00404141
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Changes in renal function in response to protein restricted diet in Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetic patients (1987)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 30 (1987), S. 154-159 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Glomerular filtration rate ; albumin clearance ; dietary protein ; Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Glomerular filtration rate, renal plasma flow and urinary albumin excretion rate were measured during insulin-induced euglycaemia in 12 male Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetic patients after a 3-week period of low protein diet (45 g/day) or a similar period on unchanged conventional diet (103 g/day). No changes in glycaemic control, indicated by home blood glucose profiles and serum fractosamine concentration, or in arterial pressure, were noted on either diet. On low protein diet, glomerular filtration rate was lower (p〈0.001) in all patients, but there was no difference in renal plasma flow between low protein diet and normal protein diet; filtration fraction fell significantly on low protein diet (p〈0.001). Fractional clearance of albumin was also lower (p〈0.05) on low protein diet. This study suggests that reduction of dietary protein induces, independently of changes in plasma glucose and arterial pressure, modifications in glomeralar filtration rate, filtration fraction and fractional clearance of albumin, which may be associated with a beneficial effect on the evolution of diabetic renal disease.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00274220
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Incidence of macrovascular disease in diabetes mellitus: the London cohort of the WHO Multinational Study of Vascular Disease in Diabetics (1991)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 34 (1991), S. 584-589 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus ; non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus ; ischaemic heart disease ; myocardial infarction ; electrocardiography ; cerebrovascular disease ; peripheral vascular disease ; incidence
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary We report on the incidence of new macrovascular disease among the 497 members of the London Cohort of the WHO Multinational Study of Vascular Disease in Diabetics (aged 35–54 years at recruitment) over a mean 8.33 year follow-up period. Overall at the end of the follow-up period the prevalence of macrovascular disease in the cohort was 45%; 43% of the subjects showed evidence of ischaemic heart disease, 4.5% of cerebrovascular disease and 4.2% of peripheral vascular disease. The incidence rates for new disease in those subjects who were free at baseline expressed per 1000 patient years of follow-up were: ischaemic ECG abnormality 23.6 (patients with insulin-dependent diabetes 19.8, patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes 28.1), myocardial infarction 17.6 (patients with insulin-dependent diabetes 16.5, patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes 18.8), all ichaemic heart disease 31.7 (patients with insulin-dependent diabetes 30.3, patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes 33.4), cerebrovascular disease 5.9 and peripheral vascular disease 5.2. Incidence rates were generally similar among men and women except for myocardial infarction in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes where men had a significantly higher incidence rate. Macrovascular disease is a major problem in patients with diabetes and in this age group is mainly manifested as ischaemic heart disease.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00400278
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Risk factors for macrovascular disease in diabetes mellitus: the London follow-up to the WHO Multinational Study of Vascular Disease in Diabetics (1991)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 34 (1991), S. 590-594 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus ; non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus ; ischaemic heart disease ; myocardial infarction ; electrocardiography ; cerebrovascular disease ; peripheral vascular disease ; risk factors
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary We have examined the relationship between baseline variables and the incidence of new macrovascular complications amongst the 497 members of the London cohort of the WHO Multinational Study of Vascular Disease in Diabetics over a mean 8.33-year follow-up. In univariate logistic regression analysis the incidence of new ischaemic electrocardiographic abnormality was significantly associated with systolic and diastolic blood pressure, diabetes duration and hypertension in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes, and with smoking in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes. New myocardial infarction was associated with systolic blood pressure, plasma cholesterol, proteinuria and smoking in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes; there were no significant associations among patients with insulin-dependent diabetes. All new ischaemic heart disease was associated with hypertension in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes, and plasma cholesterol and smoking in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes. New cerebrovascular disease was associated with systolic and diastolic blood pressure, ECG abnormality and hypertension. New peripheral vascular disease was associated with smoking. Multivariate analysis showed the following significant associations 1) in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes: ECG abnormality; hypertension, myocardial infarction; smoking, ischaemic heart disease; hypertension, diabetes duration and smoking, 2) in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes: ECG abnormality; smoking, myocardial infarction; serum cholesterol, proteinuria and smoking, ischaemic heart disease; smoking. For new cerebrovascular disease, proteinuria and ECG abnormality were significant predictors in multivariate analysis. Patients with diabetes share many of the established risk factors for non-diabetic subjects, in addition proteinuria may be of significance in the prediction of macrovascular disease in diabetes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00400279
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A prospective study of mortality among middle-aged diabetic patients (the London cohort of the WHO Multinational Study of Vascular Disease in Diabetics) II: associated risk factorin (1990)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 33 (1990), S. 542-548 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Mortality ; Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes ; Type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes ; risk factors ; hypertension ; proteinuria
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Potential risk factors have been examined for association with mortality over a 10–12 year follow-up of the patients of the London Cohort of the WHO Multinational Study of Vascular Disease in Diabetics (aged 35–54 year in at entry to the study). Proteinuria has the strongest association with all-cause mortality in univariate analysis being significant in patients of both sexes with Type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus and in women with Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus; both systolic blood pressure (men) and hypertension (both sexes) (as a categorical variable) are significant in Type 1 diabetes. Hypertension is also significantly associated with all-cause mortality in multivariate analysis in both sexes with Type 1 diabetes as proteinuria is in women with Type 2 diabetes. There is an unexpected negative association between plasma creatinine and all-cause mortality in men with Type 2 diabetes. Systolic blood pressure and hypertension are also significantly linked with cardiovascular mortality in Type 1 diabetes, hypertension having an estimated relative risk of 18.6 in multivariate analysis. Serum cholesterol and proteinuria showed the strongest associations with cardiovascular mortality in Type 2 diabetes. Proteinuria is associated with non-cardiovascular mortality in both types of diabetes in univariate but not multivariate analysis. In multivariate analysis hypertension (Type 1 diabetes) and diabetes duration (Type 2 diabetes) are associated with non-cardiovascular mortality. Hypertension and proteinuria have the most consistent associations with mortality in the different analyses with the effect of hypertension appearing stronger in Type 1 diabetes and proteinuria in Type 2 diabetes. Some other proven risk factors in non-diabetic populations had inconstant or absent associations in this group: other, as yet undefined, factors may be important in diabetes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00404142
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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