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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The glomerular hyperfiltration of diabetes is not associated with elevated plasma levels of glucagon and growth hormone (1985)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 28 (1985), S. 718-721 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Insulin-dependent diabetes ; glomerular filtration rate ; glucagon ; growth hormone ; plasma glucose
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Plasma concentrations of glucagon, growth hormone and glucose were measured hourly during an ordinary treatment day in 11 Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetic patients with high glomerular filtration rate, 11 Type 1 diabetic patients with normal glomerular filtration rate matched for age, diabetes duration and sex, and five healthy control subjects, simultaneously with the measurement of the glomerular filtration rate using 51Cr EDTA clearance. Plasma glucagon profiles were not statistically distinguishable (p = 0.49) from control values in either group, although they were somewhat lower in the hyperfiltering group. Plasma growth hormone values were higher than control (p=0.07) in both diabetic groups, but were not different between these two groups (p = 0.94). All indices of glycaemic control (glycosylated haemoglobin, urinary glucose excretion, and plasma glucose concentration) were higher in the hyperfiltering group, although no single index reached statistical significance. No correlations between concentrations of these substances and glomerular filtration rate were found. Elevated plasma concentrations of glucagon and growth hormone do not characterise those diabetic patients with high glomerular filtration rate.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00265017
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Increased glomerular permeability to albumin induced by exercise in diabetic subjects (1978)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 14 (1978), S. 293-300 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Diabetic nephropathy ; albumin ; β 2-microglobulin ; exercise ; hyperglycaemia ; microangiopathy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The urinary excretion of albumin was measured in insulin-dependent diabetics under ordinary conditions of life and in response to exercise. Possible mechanisms of exercise induced albuminuria in diabetics were also investigated. Under ordinary conditions of life the insulin-treated diabetics, as a group, had a higher mean urinary albumin excretion than normal controls; however, half of the diabetics had albumin excretion rates within the control range. A given exercise load (600 kpm/min for 20 min) produced an exaggerated albumin excretion in diabetics, particularly evident in the post-exercise period. The elevated urinary albumin excretion was due to an increased transglomerular passage of albumin, not to reduced tubular reabsorption. The increase was not associated with differences in blood pressure or urine flow between controls and diabetics. This exercise test has proved to be a suitable provocation test to unmask abnormalities in the glomerular handling of albumin that might not be recognisable at rest.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01223019
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Early functional and morphologic vascular renal consequences of the diabetic state (1980)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 18 (1980), S. 173-175 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00290498
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Book reviews (1982)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 23 (1982), S. 460-460 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00260965
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of metergoline, a powerful and long-acting antiserotoninergic agent, on insulin secretion in normal subjects and in patients with chemical diabetes (1975)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 11 (1975), S. 165-167 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Serotonin ; 5-hydroxytryptamine ; metergoline ; arginine ; antiserotoninergic drugs ; insulin secretion ; glucose tolerance test
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The effect of metergoline on insulin secretion has been evaluated in normal subjects and in patients with chemical diabetes. The repeated administration of metergoline, 2 mg at four-hour intervals to give a total of 24 mg, has enhanced insulin secretion in response to i. v. glucose in normal subjects but not in chemical diabetics. No changes in blood glucose pattern were observed. Under similar conditions, metergoline administration caused a slight but significant decrease in arginine-induced insulin release, both in normal subjects and in chemical diabetics. These results support the concept of a serotoninergic control of insulin secretion and suggest that serotonin exerts different effects on insulin release according to the different stimuli.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00429842
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Antibodies to human albumin epitopes in Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus (1988)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 31 (1988), S. 639-646 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Diabetic microangiopathy ; non-enzymatic glycosylation ; anti-albumin autoantibodies ; glucitollysine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The presence of antibodies to glycosylated albumin was studied by means of a newly developed sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in 29 long-standing Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetic patients with microvascular complications and in 20 normal subjects. Two types of antibody reactivity were detected. One directed against glucitol-albumin expressing G and M isotypes. The second, predominantly belonging to the IgG class, reacted with an epitope shared by non-glycosylated albumin and the ketoamine adduct of albumin glycosylation. Both types of antibodies, with affinity constant ranging from 104 to 107 (mol/l)−1 were found in normal and diabetic subjects, but higher litres were significantly more prevalent in the diabetic patients. These antibodies may represent the result of immune tolerance breakdown or, alternatively, be natural antibodies. Although their function remains to be established, their raised prevalence in Type 1 diabetes may be relevant to diabetic microvascular disease.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00278745
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of fish-oil on the remission of Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes in newly diagnosed patients (1989)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 32 (1989), S. 765-765 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00274540
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Glucose-induced changes in renal haemodynamics in proteinuric Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetic patients: inhibition by acetylsalicilic acid infusion (1993)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 36 (1993), S. 622-627 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Diabetic nephropathy ; renal haemodynamics ; Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus ; lysine-acetyl-salicilate ; hyperglycaemia
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The effect of hyperglycaemia on renal function in diabetic nephropathy remains poorly understood. We investigated the renal haemodynamic response to an acute plasma glucose rise from sustained euglycaemia to sustained hyperglycaemia in eight persistently proteinuric Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetic patients. Studies were performed in a double-blind cross-over manner after i.v. injection of 450 mg lysine acetylsalicilate (equivalent to 250 mg acetylsalicilic acid) or equal volume of 0.9% NaCl (isotonic saline). In the isotonic saline experiments hyperglycaemia produced a significant rise, by approximately 35%, in glomerular filtration rate in all patients from 41.5±5.2 to 55±6 ml·min−1·1.73 m−2 (p〈0.005) and an increase in sodium paraminohippurate clearance from 178±22.7 to 220±20.0 ml·min−1·1.73 m−2 (p〈0.05). These changes took place within the first 30 min of glucose infusion and were maintained for a 90 min hyperglycaemic period. Filtration fraction did not change significantly. Infusion of lysine acetylsalicilate lowered baseline glomerular filtration rate (isotonic saline vs lysine acetylsalicilate 41.5±5.2 vs 30.0±5.7 ml·min−1·1.73 m−2; p〈0.05) and significantly blunted the rise in glomerular filtration rate during hyperglycaemia (glomerular filtration rate increment: saline vs lysine acetylsalicilate: 13.6±2.8 vs 5.3±1.8 ml·min−1 ·1.73 m−2; p〈0.005). The effects on renal plasma flow were similarly blunted. In five additional patients, time- and volume-controlled isotonic saline experiments during sustained euglycaemia showed no significant changes in glomerular filtration rate and sodium paraminohippurate clearance. In Type 1 diabetic patients with advanced renal failure, acute hyperglycaemia induces a significant elevation in glomerular filtration rate and renal plasma flow which is likely to be mediated by renal prostaglandin production.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00404071
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    LDL subclasses in IDDM patients: relation to diabetic nephropathy (1994)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 37 (1994), S. 681-688 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Key words IDDM, diabetic nephropathy, microalbuminuria, proteinuria, lipid metabolism, small dense LDL
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary To answer the question whether the elevation of LDL-cholesterol in IDDM patients with incipient and established diabetic nephropathy is accompanied by changes in LDL size or composition, we studied distribution of LDL particles in 57 normoalbuminuric [AER 7 (1–19) µg/min, median and range], in 46 microalbuminuric [AER 50 (20–192) µg/min] and in 33 proteinuric [AER 422 (233–1756) µg/min] IDDM patients as well as in 49 non-diabetic control subjects with normoalbuminuria. The three diabetic groups were matched for duration of diabetes and glycaemic control. The mean particle diameter of the major LDL peak was determined by nondenaturing gradient gel electrophoresis. Composition and density distribution of LDL were determined in the subgroups of each patient group by density gradient ultracentrifugation. Normoalbuminuric IDDM patients had larger LDL particles than non-diabetic control subjects (260 Å vs 254 Å, p 〈0.05). LDL particle diameter was inversely correlated with serum triglycerides in all groups (p 〈0.05 for normoalbuminuric and p 〈0.001 for other groups). Triglyceride content of LDL was higher in three IDDM groups compared to control group (p 〈0.05). The elevation of LDL mass in microalbuminuric and proteinuric IDDM groups compared to normoalbuminuric IDDM group (p 〈0.05 for both) was mainly due to the increment of light LDL (density 1.0212–1.0343 g/ml). There were no significant changes in the density distribution or composition of LDL between the three diabetic groups. In conclusion the increase of LDL mass without major compositional changes suggests that the elevation of LDL in incipient and established diabetic nephropathy is primarily due to the increased number of LDL particles. The prevalence of atherogenic small dense LDL particles in IDDM patients with microalbuminuria and proteinuria is closely dependent on plasma triglyceride concentration. [Diabetologia (1994) 37: 681–688]
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00417692
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    High prevalence of risk factors for cardiovascular disease in parents of IDDM patients with albuminuria (1997)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 40 (1997), S. 1191-1196 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Keywords Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus ; proteinuria ; insulin resistance ; hyperlipidaemia ; cardiovascular disease.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Life expectancy is shorter in the subset of insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) patients who are susceptible to kidney disease. Familial factors may be important. In this study the prevalence of cardiovascular disease mortality and morbidity and of risk factors for cardiovascular disease was compared in the parents of 31 IDDM patients with elevated albumin excretion rate (AER 〉 45 μg/min; group A) with that of parents of 31 insulin-dependent diabetic patients with normoalbuminuria (AER 〈 20 μg/min; group B). The two diabetic patient groups were matched for age and duration of disease. Information on deceased parents was obtained from death certificates and clinical records and morbidity for cardiovascular disease was ascertained using the World Health Organization questionnaire and Minnesota coded ECG. Hyperlipidaemia was defined as serum cholesterol higher than 6 mmol/l and/or plasma triglycerides higher than 2.3 mmol/l and/or lipid lowering therapy; arterial hypertension as systolic blood pressure higher than 140 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure higher than 90 mmHg and/or antihypertensive treatment. The percentage of dead parents was similar in the two groups (26 vs 20 % for parents of group A vs group B, respectively), but the parents of the diabetic patients with elevated AER had died at a younger age (58 ± 10 vs 70 ± 14 years; p 〈 0.05). Parents of diabetic patients with nephropathy had a more than three times greater frequency of combined mortality and morbidity for cardiovascular disease than that of the parents of diabetic patients without nephropathy (26 vs 8 %; odds ratio 3.96, 95 % CI 1.3 to 12.2; p 〈 0.02). Living parents of group A had a higher prevalence of arterial hypertension (42 vs 14 % p 〈 0.01) and hyperlipidaemia (49 vs 26 % p 〈 0.05) as well as higher levels of lipoprotein (a) [median (range) 27.2 (1–107) vs 15.6 (0.2–98) mg/dl; p 〈 0.05]. They also had reduced insulin sensitivity [insulin tolerance test: median (range) Kitt index: 3.7 (0.7–6.2) vs 4.8 (0.7–6.7)% per min; p 〈 0.05]. In the families of IDDM patients with elevated AER there was a higher frequency of risk factors for cardiovascular disease as well as a predisposition to cardiovascular disease events. This may help explain, in part, the high prevalence of cardiovascular disease mortality and morbidity in those IDDM patients who develop nephropathy. [Diabetologia (1997) 40: 1191–1196]
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001250050806
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