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Predictive value of sperm morphology and movement characteristics in the outcome of in vitro fertilization of human oocytes (1989)

Chan, S. Y. W. ; Wang, C. ; Chan, S. T. H. ; [et al.]

Springer

Journal of assisted reproduction and genetics 6 (1989), S. 142-148

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ISSN: 1573-7330

Keywords: in vitro fertilization ; human sperm ; normal sperm morphology ; sperm movement characteristics

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Medicine

Notes: Abstract One hundred fourteen semen samples from Chinese males were analyzed for routine semen parameters including the semen volume, sperm count, percentage motility, and percentage normal morphology. Of these 114 samples, 54 also had movement characteristics of seminal and swim-up sperm evaluated by the computer image analyzer system (Cellsoft; Cryo Resources Co., New York). All semen samples were subjected to the swim-up procedure to harvest the motile sperm before inseminations of human oocytes. Fertilization was considered to have occurred when at least one oocyte was observed with two or more pronuclei. Semen samples were classified as infertile (0% fertilization rate;N=32) or fertile (〉0% fertilization rate;N=82) before statistical analyses. There was a significant difference (P〈0.005) in percentage normal morphology of seminal sperm between the fertile (mean±SE; 67.3±1.2%) and the infertile (59.3±2.2%) samples. The percentage normal morphology of seminal sperm correlated (r=0.3049;P〈0.002) with the fertilization rate and this parameter was selected by the multivariate stepwise discriminant analysis as the discriminator capable of predicting the fertilization rate with 57.9% accuracy. Statistical analyses of samples where sperm movement was also evaluated demonstrated that there was significant differences (P〈0.01) between the fertile (N=38) and the infertile (N=16) samples in percentage normal morphology of seminal sperm (67.8±1.8% vs 56.2±2.6%) and curvilinear velocity of swim-up sperm (89.2±3.5 vs 68.2±7.2 μm/sec). The fertilization rates correlated with the percentage normal morphology of seminal sperm (r=0.3868;P〈0.005) and velocity of swim-up sperm (r=0.3842;P〈0.005). Multivariate stepwise discriminant analysis demonstrated that these two sperm parameters in combination were capable of predicting the fertilization rate with 74.1% accuracy. Our results indicate that seminal sperm morphology, coupled with computerassisted image analysis of movement characteristics of swim-up sperm, can help to predict the outcome of in vitro fertilization of human oocytes.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01130778

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A little more on stabilized Q1Q1 for transient viscous incompressible flow (1995)

Gresho, P. M. ; Chan, S. T. ; Christon, M. A. ; [et al.]

Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell

International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids 21 (1995), S. 837-856

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ISSN: 0271-2091

Keywords: stabilized finite elements ; projection method ; approximate projections ; equal-order interpolation ; Engineering ; Engineering General

Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000

Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics

Notes: In an attempt to overcome some of the well-known ‘problems’ with the Q1P0 element, we have devised two ‘stabilized’ versions of the Q1Q1 element, one based on a semi-implicit approximate projection method and the other based on a simple forward Euler technique. While neither one conserves mass in the most desirable manner, both generate a velocity field that is usually ‘close enough’ to divergence-free. After attempting to analyse the two algorithms, each of which includes some ad hoc ‘enhancements’, we present some numerical results to show that they both seem to work well enough. Finally, we point out that any projection method that uses a ‘pressure correction’ approach is inherently limited to time-accurate simulations and, even if treated fully implicitly, is inappropriate for seeking steady states via large time steps.

Additional Material: 8 Ill.