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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Journal of Chromatography A 353 (1986), S. 201-206 
    ISSN: 0021-9673
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 107 (1976), S. 249-256 
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Antibiotic derivatisation ; Yeast antibiotic ; Tryptanthrin ; Tryptophan metabolism ; Candia lipolytica
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Candida lipolytica synthetisiert das Antibioticum Tryptanthrin aus 1 Mol Tryptophan und 1 Mol Anthranilsäure. Bei Verfütterung von Tryptophan und substituierter Anthranilsäure, bzw. substituiertem Tryptophan und Anthranilsäure, konnten die zu erwartenden Tryptanthrinderivate isoliert und identifiziert werden. Die Enzyme der Tryptanthrinbiosynthese wiesen in bezug auf diese Substrate, mit Ausnahme von Bromtryptophan, keine Spezifität auf. Parallel zu diesen Versuchen wurden durch chemische Synthese substituierte Tryptanthrine hergestellt. Die Dierivate wurden auf ihre antibiotische Wirksamkeit geprüft; als besonders wirksam erwiesen sich die halogenierten Verbindungen.
    Notes: Abstract Candida lipolytica synthesizes the antibiotic tryptanthrin from 1 mole tryptophan and 1 mole anthranilic acid. When feeding tryptophan and substituted anthranilic acids, or substituted tryptophans and anthranilic acid, we could isolate and identify the expected derivatives of tryptanthrin. The enzymes of the biosynthesis of tryptanthrin, with the exception of bromotryptophan, had no specifity for these substrates. In addition to these experiments substituted tryptanthrines were chemically synthesized. We checked them for antibiotic action; the halogen compounds turned out to be especially effective.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of industrial microbiology and biotechnology 19 (1997), S. 280-285 
    ISSN: 1476-5535
    Keywords: Keywords: Amycolatopsis orientalis; EDDS; cation chelator; synthetic medium; fed-batch fermentation; metal ions
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The production of EDDS (ethylene-diamine-disuccinic acid), a potential substitute for EDTA, has been optimized up to a product concentration of 20 grams per litre in fermentations of Amycolatopsis orientalis. Decisive steps for the increase in productivity were variation of the synthetic medium composition, investigation of the influence of metal ions on product formation, controlled feeding of carbon and nitrogen sources in fed-batch fermentations and improvement of the downstream processing steps.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 14
    ISSN: 1573-6776
    Keywords: amino acid consumption ; antibiotic ; gallidermin production ; Staphylococcus gallinarum
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract The correlation between the consumption of amino acids and the production of the polypeptide antibiotic gallidermin by Staphylococcus gallinarum Tü 3928 was investigated by on-line determination of amino acids and pulse experiments. A prolonged production phase together with an increase in gallidermin formation of about 25% was obtained during pulse and fed-batch experiments with the amino acids glutamic acid, glycine, serine and threonine.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Biotechnology letters 22 (2000), S. 123-128 
    ISSN: 1573-6776
    Keywords: antibiotic ; gallidermin production ; scale-up procedure ; Staphylococcus gallinarum
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract A scale-up strategy into 200 l pilot-scale for the production of the antibiotic gallidermin by Staphylococcus gallinarum Tü 3928 was developed. Large-scale fermentations were simulated by consecutive liquid cultures of smaller scale. Afterwards, optimised cultivation conditions were transferred to pilot-scale. Best results were achieved by addition of Maltose during the late production phase leading to a final concentration of 330 mg gallidermin per litre. Compared to the concentrations found in a non-pulsed pilot-scale fermentations this is an increase of 20–30%.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Biotechnology letters 19 (1997), S. 1063-1065 
    ISSN: 1573-6776
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract Decreased O supply during the fermentative production of gallidermin by Staphylococcus gallinarum decreased biomass formation by 65% compared to that obtained with optimal oxygen supply. However the antibiotic, gallidermin, increased by more than 50% at the same time. This effect was used in a process strategy, that allows biomass formation under oxygen saturation first and then switches to a prolonged production phase after a carefully directed shift to oxygen limitation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 17
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: preparative HPLC ; Hydrophilic antibotics ; Adsorption effects
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary Preparative reversed-phase HPLC techniques for the separation of different hydrophilic fermentation products have been developed to shorten the comples and time-consuming isolation procedure. Separations were performed with low adsorptive reversed-phase packings and, additionally with strong acidic volatile modifiers to prevent adsorption, especially of the basic polypeptide antibotics epidermin and gallidermin on the stationary phases. The complex nature of the crude products required a particle size of 10 micron to separate the substances in a purity between 94% and 100%. The loading was limited to 100mg per injection on a 16 mm i.d. column, which corresponds to 4×10−3 g/g stationary phase.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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