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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of orthopaedic and trauma surgery 115 (1996), S. 240-242 
    ISSN: 1434-3916
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Benign schwannomas occur very rarely in the foot. We report a case of a 46-year-old patient with multiple benign schwannomas of the foot. Eighteen schwannomas associated with the medial plantar nerve present for at least 1 year were excised, with preservation of the involved nerve and disappearence of the patient's symptoms. No signs of von Recklinghausen's disease were found.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 12
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Berlin : Periodicals Archive Online (PAO)
    Kant-Studien. 76:2 (1985) 214 
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Histochemistry and cell biology 103 (1995), S. 103-109 
    ISSN: 1432-119X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract By light and electron microscopic immunocytochemistry the distribution is described of human pancreatic elastase 1 (E1) during ontogenesis, in adults, in cases of acute and chronic panceatitis, acute pancreatic ischaemia as well as pancreatic tumours. E1-positive cells were first detected in ductal sprouts in the 14th gestational week. Complete acini expressing E1 could be found from the 17th to the 20th week of gestation onwards. Scattered distinct E1-positive epithelia could be found in the ducts of fetal and adult pancreas. By immunoelectron microscopy, E1 was localized in rough endoplasmic reticulum, condensing vacuoles, zymogen granules of acinar epithelia and in acinar lumina. E1 appeared to be distributed homogeneously in zymogen granules. As specific markers of acinar cells, both monoclonal antibodies under study identified heterotopic pancreatic acini in peribiliar glands of the liver and also helped to visualize different damage patterns in pancreatitis. The acinar epithelia surrounding acute lipolytic necroses initially reacted more intensely with the E1-antibodies than undamaged pancreatic tissue. In acute ischaemia, acinar cells which are dissociated from intercalated ducts lost their immunocytochemical reactivity for E1. Pancreatic parenchyma involved in advanced acute pancreatitis as well as in chronic inflammation was detected only weakly by both E1-antibodies. However, atrophic lobules in post-inflammatory scars were stained more intensely by the E1-antibodies than normal parenchyma. Pancreatic tumours (adenomas, adenocarcinomas, solid-cystic tumours and islet cell tumours) were not labelled by these antibodies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Der Pathologe 21 (2000), S. 433-440 
    ISSN: 1432-1963
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörterα1-Antitrypsin-Mangel PiZ ; Lebermorphologie ; Immunhistochemie ; “Single-strand conformational polymorphism” ; DNA-Sequenzierung ; Keywords Alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency PiZ ; Liver morphology ; Immunohistochemistry ; Single-strand conformational polymorphism ; DNA sequencing
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract Whether heterozygotes with alpha-1-antitrypsin (AAT) deficiency type PiZ bear an increased risk for chronic liver disease is controversial. On the basis of liver tissue from 1,030 autopsies (autopsy series), 1,847 biopsies (biopsy series) and 317 primary liver carcinomas (tumor series), we analysed the effect of heterozygous state PiZ for the development of liver diseases. The PiZ status was screened immunohistochemically and verified in selected cases by SSCP analysis and by sequencing DNA extracted from paraffin embedded tissue. The PiZ frequency in the biopsy series (3.4%) and tumor series (5.99%) was significantly higher than in the autopsy series (1.8%). Hepatic PiZ deposits in heterozygotes sometimes were as extensive as in homozygotes. The amount of PiZ deposits correlated positively with the inflammatory activity and stage of fibrosis, as well as with the age of patients. Patients with concurrent liver disease such as hepatitis and alcoholic liver disease showed significantly higher scores of inflammatory activity, stage of fibrosis and amount of PiZ deposits than those without additional liver disease. Cholangiocarcinomas and combined hepato-cholangiocarcinomas were seen significantly more frequently in patients with PiZ-associated liver carcinoma than in genetic healthy individuals (p=0.004). Three out of 19 PiZ-associated liver carcinomas had developed in cirrhotic liver tissue. Heterozygotes of type PiZ have an enhanced risk for chronic liver disease including primary liver carcinoma. PiZ-associated liver diseases will become clinically manifest in middle or old aged adults. Rarely this genetic defect causes liver cirrhosis even without concurrent liver disease. PiZ-associated liver carcinomas are frequently characterized by cholangiocellular differentiation and may develop often in non-cirrhotic liver tissue. Immunohistochemistry is a specific method to detect hepatic PiZ deposits.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Bisher ist umstritten, ob heterozygote Patienten mit α1-Antitrypsin (AAT)-Mangel Typ PiZ ein erhöhtes Risiko für Lebererkrankungen aufweisen. An Leberproben von 1030 Autopsien (Autopsie-Serie), 1847 Biopsien (Biopsie-Serie) und 317 primären Leberkarzinomen (Tumor-Serie) sollte der Einfluss des heterozygoten PiZ-Status auf die Leber untersucht werden. Die PiZ-Bestimmung erfolgte immunhistochemisch, teilweise ergänzt durch SSCP-Analyse und DNA-Sequenzierung von DNA-Extrakten aus paraffineingebettetem Material. Die PiZ-Häufigkeit der Biopsie-Serie (3,4%) und der Tumor-Serie (5,99%) war signifikant höher als die der Autopsie-Serie (1,8%). PiZ-Ablagerungen waren bei manchen heterozygoten Merkmalsträgern ebenso umfangreich wie bei homozygoten. Ihr Ausmaß korrelierte positiv mit Entzündungsaktivität und Fibrosegrad der Leber sowie mit dem Patientenalter. Patienten mit konkurrierenden Lebererkrankungen wie Hepatitis oder Alkoholschädigung wiesen eine signifikant stärkere Entzündung, Fibrose und mehr PiZ-Ablagerungen auf als diejenigen ohne zusätzliche Lebererkrankungen. Cholangiokarzinome und kombinierte Hepatocholangiokarzinome traten signifikant häufiger bei Patienten mit PiZ-Mutation als bei genetisch Gesunden (p=0,004) auf. Nur 3 der 19 PiZ-assoziierten Leberkarzinome waren in einer Leberzirrhose entstanden. Patienten mit heterozygotem AAT-Mangel Typ PiZ tragen nach den hier vorgestellten Ergebnissen ein erhöhtes Risiko für chronische Lebererkrankungen einschließlich primärer Leberkarzinome. Wenn überhaupt, manifestiert sich dieser genetische Defekt erst in mittlerem oder höherem Lebensalter. Er kann in seltenen Fällen selbst ohne konkurrierende Lebererkrankung zur Zirrhose führen. PiZ-assoziierte Leberkarzinome sind häufig cholangiozellulär differenziert und entstehen mehrheitlich ohne Leberzirrhose. Hepatische PiZ-Ablagerungen lassen sich immunhistochemisch zuverlässig identifizieren.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 15
    ISSN: 1432-1963
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Angiosarkom ; Littoralzelldifferenzierung ; Littoralzelle ; Littoralzellsarkom ; Milz ; Key words Angiosarcoma ; Littoral cell ; Littoral cell sarcoma ; Spleen
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary A case of primary splenic angiosarcoma with involvement of two accessory spleens is presented. The tumor cells are immunoreactive for endothelial markers (CD 31, CD 34, factor VIII associated antigen) and express also histiocytic antigens (CD 68, lysozyme, Cathepsin D, alpha-1-antitrypsin, alpha-1-antichymotrypsin) as well as CD 8. This marker profile suggests that the presented angiosarcoma originates from sinus cells with histiocytic and endothelial differentiation and may be regarded as the malignant variant of littoral cells angioma.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Es wird über ein diffus wachsendes Angiosarkom der Milz mit Befall zweier Nebenmilzen berichtet. Die Tumorzellen exprimieren neben endothelialen Markern (CD 31, CD 34, Faktor VIII assoziiertes Antigen), auch histiozytäre Antigene (CD 68, Lysozym, Cathepsin D, Alpha-1-Antitrypsin, Alpha-1-Antichymotrypsin) und CD 8. Die Koexpression endothelialer und histiozytärer Marker sowie der T-Zell-assoziierten Antigene CD 4 und CD 8 charakterisiert Sinusendothelien der Milz. In Analogie zu dem Littoralzellangiom der Milz sind Sinusendothelien mit histiozytären Eigenschaften auch als Ursprungszellen des hier vorgestellten Angiosarkoms zu vermuten.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Der Internist 38 (1997), S. 928-936 
    ISSN: 1432-1289
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Leberzirrhose ; Präkanzerose ; Virushepatitis ; Präkanzerose ; Hämochromatose ; Leberzirrhose ; Alpha1-Antitrypsinmangel ; Leberzirrhose ; Präkanzerose ; Primär sklerosierende Cholangitis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Zum Thema Leberzirrhosen unterschiedlichster Genese prädisponieren zur Bildung maligner Tumoren der Leber und der Gallengänge. Die Entstehung und Einwirkung von reaktiven Sauerstoffmediaten scheint ein gemeinsamer Pathomechanismus zu sein, der zu Schäden an DNA, Lipiden und Proteinen der Leber- und Gallezellen führt. Darüber hinaus spielen spezifische molekulare Mechanismen für die maligne Entartung bei alkoholinduzierter, posthepatitischer oder stoffwechselbedingter Leberzirrhose sowie primär sklerosierender Cholangitis eine Rolle.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 350 (1994), S. 599-604 
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Keywords: Key words: Anterior hypothalamic area – Bed nucleus – Histamine release – Muscarinic acetylcholine receptors – M1– Push-pull cannula – H3 receptors
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. The modulation of histamine release by histamine and muscarinic acetylcholine receptors was investigated by using the push-pull technique. The anterior hypothalamic area of the conscious, freely moving rat was superfused through the push-pull cannula with CSF or with CSF containing drugs and the release of endogenous histamine was determined in the superfusate.   Hypothalamic superfusion with tetrodotoxin (10 μmol/l) led to a pronounced and sustained decrease in the histamine release rate. Superfusion with compound 48/80 (100 mg/l) was ineffective. Hypothalamic superfusion with the H3 agonist (R)-α-methylhistamine inhibited, while superfusion with the H3 antagonist thioperamide enhanced the release of histamine. The release of histamine was inhibited on hypothalamic superfusion with the muscarinic receptor agonists carbachol or oxotremorine. Histamine release was enhanced by atropine, and this release-enhancing effect was abolished by oxotremorine. The selective M1 antagonist pirenzepine (100 μmol/l) and 4-diphenylacetoxy-N-methylpiperidine (4-DAMP, 10 μmol/l), which blocks M1 and M3 receptors, also enhanced the release rate of histamine. On the other hand, 50 and 100 μmol/l methoctramine (M2 receptor antagonist) 10 and 100 μmol/l p-fluoro-hexahydro-siladifenidol (p-F-HHSiD, a M3 receptor antagonist) were ineffective.   It is concluded that histamine released in the hypothalamus originates predominantly from neurons. The release of histamine is modulated by H3 autoreceptors. The histamine release is also modulated by cholinergic neurons which modify histamine release from histaminergic neurons by stimulating M1 muscarinic acetylcholine heteroreceptors probably located on histaminergic neurons.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 350 (1994), S. 599-604 
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Keywords: Anterior hypothalamic area ; Bed nucleus ; Histamine release ; Muscarinic acetylcholine receptors ; M1 ; Push-pull cannula ; H3 receptors
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The modulation of histamine release by histamine and muscarinic acetylcholine receptors was investigated by using the push-pull technique. The anterior hypothalamic area of the conscious, freely moving rat was superfused through the push-pull cannula with CSF or with CSF containing drugs and the release of endogenous histamine was determined in the superfusate. Hypothalamic superfusion with tetrodotoxin (10 μmol/1) led to a pronounced and sustained decrease in the histamine release rate. Superfusion with compound 48/80 (100 mg/1) was ineffective. Hypothalamic superfusion with the H3 agonist (R)-α-methylhistamine inhibited, while superfusion with the H3 antagonist thioperamide enhanced the release of histamine. The release of histamine was inhibited on hypothalamic superfusion with the muscarinic receptor agonists carbachol or oxotremorine. Histamine release was enhanced by atropine, and this release-enhancing effect was abolished by oxotremorine. The selective M1 antagonist pirenzepine (100 μmol/I) and 4-diphenylacetoxy-N-methylpiperidine (4-DAMP, 10 μol/1), which blocks M1 and M3 receptors, also enhanced the release rate of histamine. On the other hand, 50 and 100 μmoI/I methoctramine (M2 receptor antagonist) 10 and 100 μmoI/l p-fluoro-hexahydro-siladifenidol (p-F-HHSiD, a M3 receptor antagonist) were ineffective. It is concluded that histamine released in the hypothalamus originates predominantly from neurons. The release of histamine is modulated by H3 autoreceptors. The histamine release is also modulated by cholinergic neurons which modify histamine release from histaminergic neurons by stimulating M1 muscarinic acetylcholine heteroreceptors probably located on histaminergic neurons.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology 236 (1998), S. 873-875 
    ISSN: 1435-702X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  · Background: The 2.5-year outcome of a 3-year-old girl with a primary intraconjunctival rhabdomyosarcoma treated by biopsy-controlled combined chemo- and brachytherapy is reported. · Methods: The patient presented with a conjunctival dermoid-like lesion which showed modest growth on 1-month follow-up. The first biopsy appointment was missed because of a viral illness. When she showed up 3 months later a further increase in size was obvious and several incisional biopsies were taken immediately. · Results: Light microscopy revealed an undifferentiated subepithelial small cell tumour. On immunohistochemistry the tumour reacted with vimentin and desmin antibodies. Thus, the diagnosis of an embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma was made. The patient underwent 9 cycles of polychemotherapy and the tumour mass disappeared macroscopically. However, immunohistochemistry of incisional biopsies showed residual tumour cells. The latter were eradicated by an individually shaped strontium-90 applicator. · Conclusion: At 2.5 years after biopsy-controlled combined chemotherapy and brachytherapy the patient is free of tumour at a manageable level of complications. This new approach appears to be a good alternative in the treatment of primary conjunctival rhabdomyosarcomas since it takes advantage of the unique location of this rare tumour and avoids hemifacial retardation, known to be induced by external beam radiation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 48 (1965), S. 1279-1288 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The solvolyses of optically pure (-)-anti-2-methyl-2-phenyl-butyrophenonoxime tosylate and anti-3-methyl-3-phenyl-2-pentanonoxime tosylate in methanol and chloroform have been studied. In methanol rearrangement to amide with retained configuration of the migrating group is accompanied by fragmentation to predominantly inverted 2-phenyl-2-methoxy-butane. N-Alkyl-nitrilium salts are common intermediates for rearrangement and fragmentation. Since the heterolysis of N-alkyl nitrilium ions is energetically related to SN1 reactions of alkyl halogenides or alkyl esters, the stereochemical course has been interpreted in terms of DOERING's mechanistic hypothesis for endothermic SN1 reactions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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