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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 388 (1980), S. 349-360 
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Synovial sarcoma ; Abdominal wall ; Ultrastructural cytology ; Histochemistry of synovial sarcoma ; Biphasic cellular pattern
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A synovial sarcoma of the abdominal wall in a 56-year old woman showed the typical features of this tumor type. Histologically a characteristic biphasic cellular pattern with epithelium-like cell complexes and sarcomatous spindle cell areas was found. The histochemical examination revealed that tumor cells synthesize glycoproteins and weakly acid glycosaminoglycans (mainly hyaluronic acid). Electron microscopically the tumor cells in epithelium-like cell islets were sometimes arranged in gland-like formations with microvilli at the luminal side, specialized intercellular junctions and a peripheral basement membrane-like condensation of the ground substance. There was no fundamental cytological difference between cells of epithelium-like and spindle cell areas. Generally the tumor cells imitated cells of the synovial membrane and we found no evidence for origin from cells of the nerve sheath. Because of the submicroscopic relationship and histochemical similarities of synovial sarcomas and mesotheliomas we suggest that they should be united in a group of sarcomas with possible biphasic cellular pattern, while preserving their clinicopathologic definition.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 388 (1980), S. 361-368 
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Vulva ; Bartholin's gland ; Leiomyoma ; Fibroma-like-pattern ; Smooth muscle cells ; Pseudoelastin ; Collagen
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A unique case of a 71-year old woman with an unusual fibromalike leiomyoma of the vulva in the region of the left Bartholin's gland is reported. Light microscopically the tumor resembled a fibroma, but electron microscopically the cells corresponded to modified smooth muscle cells. The great number of vessels and their intimate relation to the tumor cells is remarkable. In the intercellular space granular and fibrillar pseudoelastic material was found and thus the presence of collagen type III in addition to type I is suggested. In the region of the right Bartholin's gland a mesenchymal proliferation with similar histological features was seen but there was more resemblance to a conventional leiomyoma. The histogenesis remains obscure so that the designation of these lesions should include light microscopic and electron microscopic appearances as well as the localization.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 359 (1973), S. 213-222 
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary This investigation was performed in order to determine textural similarities and differences between variable amyloid types. Alzheimer fibrils and collagen were also compared with these structures. For this reason we used tissue specimens of secondary amyloid (so-called perireticular amyloid), primary amyloid (so-called pericollagen amyloid), senile plaques, Alzheimer cells and collagen of tendons, scars, atherosclerotic aortes, rheumatic synovial membranes and of a dura mater cerebri, and examined these fibre types by polarization optical-histochemical methods. The findings allowed the conclusion that the texture of primary and secondary amyloid is not the same, because of differences in the fibrillar texture and probably of a distinctive interfibrillar substance in each case. Senile plaques seem to be a further variant of amyloid; some behaved as primary, and some as secondary amyloid. Alzheimer fibrils showed structural resemblance on senile plaques, although they contain no amyloid fibrils. The staining features of collagen clearly revealed that there is no structural relationship with amyloid, and therefore a direct transformation of collagen to amyloid and vice versa must be refuted. The collagen fibre types showed a variable texture because of their different mucopolysaccharide content. An important result is the changed hyaluronic acid metabolism of the rheumatic collagen fibres reported by other investigators.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 391 (1981), S. 323-335 
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Malignant fibrous histiocytoma ; Bone ; Ultrastructural cytology ; Myoblastic differentiation ; Undifferentiated mesenchymal stem cell ; Relationship to osteosarcoma
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH) of bone is a well-defined tumor by light microscopy but no agreement has been achieved concerning its histogenesis. We present the light and electron microscopic findings of four cases of MFH of bone. In case 1 multiple bone tumors were observed and in case 4 the tumor developed after irradiation. It was our aim to document the cytological variability and to arrange the findings in a histogenetic concept of primary intraosseous MFH. We observed some undifferentiated cells but mainly histiocyte- and fibroblast-like cells including intermediate forms, and several types of giant cells. We should emphasize the fact that there were also some large cells with a light microscopic resemblance to rhabdomyoblasts and with electron microscopic characteristics of myoblastic differentiation. From the ultrastructural point of view, therefore, MFHs seem to derive from a primitive mesenchymal stem cell rather than from the ordinary histiocyte. It is suggested that osteosarcoma and MFH of bone may have a common progenitor cell but it is important to make a clear clinico-pathological distinction between the tumors because of differing biological behavior.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 397 (1982), S. 215-226 
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Inverted papilloma ; Low malignancy ; Multilayered basement membrane ; Myofibroblastic cells ; Filament accumulations
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary 10 cases of inverted papillomas of nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses were examined electron microscopically with particular regard to the epithelial-stromal interface. The papilloma cells were clearly demarcated from the stromal tissue by a basement membrane-like material. However, this structure mainly consisted of two or more layers, occasional breaks in the basement membrane were visible. Within the basal epithelial cells resting on the basement membrane accumulations of actinlike microfilaments could sometimes be observed. Furthermore, in the stromal tissue some myofibroblasts were present in the vicinity of the papillomatous cell complexes and capillary vessels also demonstrated several layers of basement membrane. All the changes presented here are considered to be the result of a permanent interaction between aggressive forces of papilloma cells and the defence mechanism of stromal tissue. The results allow the conclusion that inverted papillomas of nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses are true neoplasms with very low malignancy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 16
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Fibronectin isoforms ; Laminin isoforms ; Basement membrane ; Tumour stroma ; Differentiation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract This review deals with biological and pathological aspects of various isoforms of the matrix molecules fibronectin and laminin. They are generated by different molecular mechanisms: ED-A+ and ED-B+ fibronectin by alternative splicing of pre mRNA, de novo-glycosylated fibronectin by alternative post-translational O-linked glycosylation of the IIICS region, and the laminin isoforms by exchange of single chains of the heterotrimeric molecule. In contrast to the “common” fibronectin, the distribution of ED-B+ and de novo-glycosylated fibronectin is restricted to embryonic tissues; they subsequently reappear in granulation tissue, in fibrosing processes and in tumour stroma. The expression of these so-called oncofetal fibronectins is stimulated by growth factors (TGFβ). The association of the ED-B+ fibronectin with proliferative activity and newly formed vessels identifies this fibronectin variant as a marker of cellular activity in the process of fibrosis and as a suitable agent for the evaluation of tumour angioneogenesis. Initial results suggest a correlation between the amount of ED-B+ and de novo-glycosylated fibronectin in tumour stroma and the behaviour of carcinomas with regard to their invasiveness and propensity for metastatic dissemination. The current nomenclature of the laminin molecule family is presented. The laminin chain constitution of basement membranes switches from embryonic or proliferatively active to adult terminally differentiated tissues [disappearance of the laminin β2 (s) chain] and depends on the tissue type. The discrepancy between the loss of basement membranes (multiple basement membrane defects) in carcinomas and the recently reported increased laminin chain synthesis in these tumours may be explained by abundant laminin chain deposition outside the basement membrane in the carcinoma invasion front, possibly associated with enhanced adhesion of budding tumour cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 404 (1984), S. 403-411 
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Neuroendocrine carcinoma of the skin ; Merkel cell tumour ; Multiple tumour nodules
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Two neuroendocrine carcinomas of the skin (so-called Merkel cell tumours) are presented. In both cases multiple tumour nodules developed within the course of the disease. The light and electron microscopic observations correspond with the findings reported in other neuroendocrine carcinomas. As a variable morphological and clinical pattern for these tumours seems to exist we consider our two cases with their unique clinical picture to be an obviously infrequent variant of this tumour disease, we propose for it the term “multiple neuroendocrine carcinoma syndrome”.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of orthopaedic and trauma surgery 117 (1998), S. 399-401 
    ISSN: 1434-3916
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Primary non-Hodgkin lymphoma (PHL) occurs very rarely in bone. We report a case of a 63-year-old patient with PHL of the spine and an unusual postoperative complication leading to the development of a perforation of the transverse colon. After right hemicolectomy the patient recovered fully and was further treated with chemo- and radiotherapy. We emphasise the importance of an immunohistochemical analysis to exclude misdiagnosis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 19
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Keywords: Antigen-induced arthritis ; Leflunomide ; Inflammation ; Tissue destruction ; Autoantibodies
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The effects of the new immunomodulating isoxazol derivative leflunomide, in comparison with cyclosporin A, on established antigen-induced arthritis in rats as well as serum antibody levels were determined. When treatment with leflunomide, at concentrations from 2.5 to 10 mg/kg/d, was started on day 3 of arthritis, the acute and chronic phases of arthritis were effectively inhibited. This was demonstrated by decreased joint swelling and reduced histopathological arthritis score at the end of experiment (day 26). Furthermore, the treatment resulted in a significantly reduced level of serum antibodies to the matrix components collagen type I, type II and proteoglycans. Neither leflunomide nor cyclosporin A, at doses of 1 mg/kg/d, had an effect on the severity of arthritis and antibody levels. However, when both drugs were used together, at these non-effective doses, the histopathological score of chronic arthritis was significantly reduced. The results of our experiments demonstrate that leflunomide has a strong suppressive effect on both acute and chronic phases of antigen-induced arthritis and formation of autoantibodies in rats. Furthermore, orally administered doses of leflunomide were as effective as doses of cyclosporin A given intraperitoneally. The combination of sub-effective doses of leflunomide and cyclosporin A resulted in significant inhibition of chronic arthritis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 20
    ISSN: 1432-1963
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Lipom ; Chondroides Lipom ; Liposarkom ; Chondrosarkom ; Weichgewebstumoren ; Key words Lipoma ; Chondroid lipoma ; Liposarcoma ; Chondrosarcoma ; Soft tissue tumours
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary A series of six cases of chondroid lipoma is reported in this paper. The age of the patients, four women and two men, ranged from 34 to 75 years. Four tumours arose in the lower and two in the upper extremities between 4.5 and 8 cm in size. Whereas two neoplasms were located in the subcutis, four lesions were seen in perifascial or intramuscular tissues. Histologically, all neoplasms were encapsulated and characterized by a somewhat lobular growth pattern. The neoplasms were composed of mature adipocytes, uni – and multivacuolated lipoblasts, and nests and strands of cells reminiscent to hibernoma cells or chondrocytes. Immunohistochemically and ultrastructurally the lipogenic nature of the latter type of cells was confirmed. Interestingly, focal immunopositivity of tumour cells for cytokeratin was found in two cases. Tumour cells were set in a myxohyaline matrix showing different degrees of degeneration. Chondroid lipoma represents a distinct entity in the spectrum of lipomatous lesions and has to be distinguished from benign and malignant neoplasms (extraskeletal chondroma, hibernoma, lipoblastoma, chondrolipoangioma, myoepithelioma, myxoid/round cell liposar-coma, and extraskeletal myxoid chondrosar-coma). Because they are easily misdiagnosed as malignant tumours, familiarity with the features of chondroid lipoma is of practical importance to avoid an overtreatment.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Es werden 4 weibliche und 2 männliche Patienten mit einem chondroiden Lipom vorgestellt. Das Alter der Patienten lag zum Zeitpunkt der Tumorexzision zwischen 34 und 75 Jahren, die Neoplasien waren im Extremitätenbereich lokalisiert (4mal untere, 2mal obere Extremität). Bei einer Tumorgröße von 4,5 bis 8 cm fanden sich 2 Geschwülste im subkutanen und 4 im tiefen, perifaszialen bzw. intramuskulären Weichgewebe. Alle Neoplasien wurden mit tumorfreien Resektionsrändern komplett exzidiert, bei keinem der Patienten trat ein Lokalrezidiv auf. Histologisch stellten sich in allen Fällen gekapselte und angedeutet lobulär konfigurierte Tumoren dar, die aus reifen Adipozyten, uni- und multivakuolären Lipoblasten sowie in Bändern oder Nestern angeordneten hibernom – oder knorpelzellähnlichen Tumorzellen bestanden. Immunhistochemisch und ultrastrukturell konnte die lipogene Natur der Tumorzellen abgesichert werden. Bemerkenswerterweise war bei zwei Tumoren immunhistochemisch eine fokale Zytokeratinpositivität zu finden. Die Tumorzellen waren in einer myxohyalinen Matrix mit unterschiedlich stark ausgeprägten, teilweise prominenten degenerativen Veränderungen gelagert. Das chondroide Lipom stellt eine distinkte Entität im Spektrum der Lipome des Weichgewebes dar, differentialdiagnostisch sind verschiedene benigne und maligne Tumoren zu bedenken (extraskeletales Chondrom, Hibernom, Lipoblastom, Chondrolipoangiom, Myoepitheliom, myxoid/rundzelliges Liposarkom, extraskeletales myxoides Chondrosarkom). Da eine Verwechslungsgefahr insbesondere mit malignen mesenchymalen Tumoren besteht, ist die Kenntnis des chondroiden Lipoms zwecks Vermeidung einer Übertherapie von erheblicher Bedeutung.
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