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  • 11
    ISSN: 1434-0879
    Keywords: Paclitaxel ; Gallium nitrate ; MTT test Chemotherapeutics ; Bladder tumor cell line
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In this study sensitivity of human transitional cancer cells to the anticancer agent paclitaxel, an antimicrotubular drug, and to gallium nitrate, a group IIIa metal, was compared. to that of the standard MVAC (methotrexate, vinblastine, doxorubicin and cisplatin) drugs. The reduction of cell proliferation was evaluated after 48 h of incubation of six different cell lines with each agent using the mean transit time (MTT) assay. We investigated both monolayers and spheroids. Paclitaxel showed significantly higher growth inhibitory effects on monolayers than vinblastine, both agents targeting the antimicrotubular apparatus. This could not be reproduced on spheroids, where a survival fraction of 50% was observed even at high concentrations (10 μM). High concentrations of gallium nitrate were needed to achieve sufficient toxicity. These concentrations are beyond the concentration achievable by systemic application. Our findings suggest that paclitaxel may be a clinically useful agent for systemic and intravesical use in bladder cancer.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 12
    ISSN: 1434-0879
    Keywords: Key words Renal cell carcinoma ; Vinblastine ; Therapy ; Multidrug resistance ; DNA parameters ; MTT assay
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The purpose of this study was to investigate how the vinca alkaloid vinblastine influences DNA parameters and the mechanisms of multidrug resistance in renal cell carcinoma. After exposing cell cultures of human renal carcinoma to progressively increasing concentrations of vinblastine the cell lines were examined by flow cytometric DNA analysis to assess the S-phase and G2/M-phase fraction and by a modified MTT assay. It was shown that the exposed cells became P-glycoprotein-positive by staining the cells with a monoclonal antibody (JSB-1). The flow cytometric analysis revealed, with prolonged vinblastine exposure, correlated increases in the S-phase and G2/M-phase fractions (P = 0.0001). When vinblastine-free medium was used for culturing, the changed DNA characteristics returned to their original values. Comparing the DNA parameters with the IC50 (concentration when cell growth is inhibited by 50%) we found a strong correlation between these parameters (P = 0.0001). In conclusion, DNA analysis of long-term vinblastine exposure may provide insight into events leading to multidrug resistance. Furthermore, analysis of the DNA profile might also be an important investigation before planning therapy with vinblastine for renal cell carcinoma.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Czechoslovak journal of physics 33 (1983), S. 465-468 
    ISSN: 1572-9486
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Czechoslovak journal of physics 36 (1986), S. 1143-1169 
    ISSN: 1572-9486
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The γ-radiation from145Eu has been studied by means of an anti-Compton spectrometer, the construction and operation of which are described. Altogether 91 γ-transitions have been observed, 20 of them for the first time. A decay scheme of145Eu has been constructed incorporating 85 γ-transitions. Low-lying excited states in145Sm have been analysed within the quasiparticle-phonon nuclear model as well as within the interacting boson-fermion model. Some systematic features in the positions of low-lying positive parity levels inN=83 nuclei have been revealed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Czechoslovak journal of physics 45 (1995), S. 545-552 
    ISSN: 1572-9486
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Short overview of the flow phenomenon from the low upto relativistic heavy ion energies is given. Strict difference between spectator and participant flow is emphased. The latter is described by the modification of the nuclear blast model. Thermal source expanding in a plane perpendicular to the line connecting the centers of projectile and target is assumed. Observed dependences of squeeze-out, side-splash and of mean transverse-energy in relativistic heavy-ion collisions on the particle's mass are reproduced. Partioning of initial projectile energy into thermal and compressional parts in209Bi(1 GeV/u)+208Pb and197Au(150–800 MeV/u)+197Au collisions is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 16
    ISSN: 1063-7788
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The inclusive energy spectra and multiplicities of p, d, and t from the reactions 14N(Ag, X), X=p, d, t at E/A=52 MeV are measured. The experimental data are compared with the results obtained within the Dubna version of the cascade model and are analyzed on the basis of the moving-source model.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 17
    ISSN: 1432-0932
    Keywords: Biomécanique ; Rachis cervical ; Fracture de l'odontoïde ; Stabilité ; Ostéosynthèse de l'odontoïde par vis ; Biomechanics ; Cervical spine ; Odontoid fracture ; Stability ; Odontoid screw fixation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Fresh odontoid fractures of types II and III and in some cases nonunions of the odontoid can be repaired by direct anterior screw fixation preserving C1–C2 motion. The goal of this experimental study was to investigate the biomechanical stability of the fragment achieved by this direct odontoid osteosynthesis according to Böhler. Sixteen human C1–C2 segments with fractures of type II or type III were biomechanically tested in vitro under standardized conditions. Flexion and extension moments, anterior and posterior shear forces were applied, and the motion of the refixed odontoid fragment relative to C2 was determined. The results show that direct screw fixation of the odontoid under the experimental conditions provides sufficient stability for the dens fragment.
    Notes: Résumé Les fractures fraîches de l'odontoïde de type II et III et certains cas de pseudarthrose de l'odontoïde peuvent être réparés par une ostéosynthèse antérieure directe préservant la mobilité C1–C2. Le but de cette étude expérimentale était d'explorer la stabilité biomécanique permise par cette ostéosynthèse directe de l'odontoïde selon Böhler. 16 segments C1–C2 présentant des fractures de type II et III ont été testés in vitro dans des conditions bien définies. On a appliqué des moments de flexion et d'extension et des forces de cisaillement antérieur et postérieur et l'on a déterminé la mobilité du fragment odontoïdien refixé par rapport à C2. Les résultats ont montré que la fixation directe par vissage de l'odontoïde assure dans les conditions expérimentales une stabilité suffisante au fragment odontoïdien.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 18
    ISSN: 1432-0932
    Keywords: Biomécanique ; Rachis cervical ; Fracture de l'odontoïde ; Instabilité atlanto-axoïdienne ; Arthrodèse atlanto-axoïdienne postérieure ; Biomechanics ; Cervical spine ; Odontoid fracture ; Atlantoaxial instability ; Posterior atlantoaxial fusion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Unstable C1-C2 segments are generally treated surgically. Depending on the indication a direct screw fixation of the odontoid or a C1-C2 arthrodesis is a possible technique. In this experimental in vitro study the three different atlantoaxial fusion techniques by Gallie, Brooks, and Magerl were compared biomechanically. Sixteen human C1-C2 segments with odontoid fractures of type II and III were investigated under standardized conditions. Flexion and extension moments, anterior, and posterior shear forces, left and right torsional moments were applied, and the motion of C1 relative to C2 was determined. The results of this investigation show clearly that the segments treated with the technique by Magerl with transarticular screws achieved the highest stiffness, compared to the wiring methods of Brooks and Gallie. These differences were most evident for posterior shear forces and for torsional moments. For these load conditions the ratio of stiffness Magerl: Brooks: Gallie was about 10:2:1. Significant differences for the plastic deformation of the differently fixed C1-C2 segments were found within the first few load/unload cycles, which give information about the relationship between primary and long-term stability.
    Notes: Résumé L'instabilité C1-C2 est le plus souvent traitée chirurgicalement. Selon l'indication, peuvent être proposées soit une ostéosynthèse par vissage direct de l'odontoïde, soit une arthrodèse C1-C2. Dans cette étude expérimentale in vitro, on a comparé au plan biomécanique, les trois différentes techniques d'arthrodèse atlanto-axoïdiennes, selon Gallie, Brooks et Magerl. 16 segments C1-C2 présentant des fractures de type II et III ont été testés in vitro dans des conditions bien définies. On a appliqué des moments de flexion et d'extension, des forces de cisaillement antérieur et postérieur et des moments de torsion vers la droite et vers la gauche, et l'on a analysé la mobilité de C1-C2. Les résultats de cette investigation ont clairement démontré que les segments traités par la technique de Magerl avec des vis transarticulaires, présentaient la plus grande rigidité, en comparaison des méthodes de cerclage de Brooks et de Gallie. Ces différences étaient plus évidentes dans le cas du cisaillement postérieur et de la torsion. Dans ces conditions de contrainte, le rapport de rigidité Magerl/Brooks/Gallie était de 10/2/1. Des différences significatives de déformation plastique ont été retrouvées entre les différentes fixations C1-C2 au cours des premiers cycles de mise en charge et décharge, qui renseignent sur la relation entre la stabilité primaire et à long terme.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Knee surgery, sports traumatology, arthroscopy 7 (1999), S. 81-84 
    ISSN: 1433-7347
    Keywords: Key words Arthroscopy ; Partial ; meniscectomy ; Osteoarthritis ; Results
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Sports Science
    Notes: Abstract In a retrospective study, 100 patients underwent a clinical and radiological follow-up examination after a minimum of 7 years (range 7.0–9.3 years) following an arthroscopic partial medial meniscectomy. None of these patients had associated intra-articular lesions, apart from minor chondral damage (max. grade 2 Outerbridge classification; 〈 1 cm2) of the medial compartment at the time of the primary arthroscopy. According to the modified Marshall score, the follow-up evaluation showed excellent clinical results in 96%. Nevertheless, the radiological outcome, as measured by comparing preoperative and postoperative X-rays, demonstrated a development or progression of the osteoarthritis of the affected knee joint in 33%, with a statistically significant correlation between the radiological and clinical outcomes (P 〈 0.05). The age of the patients at the time of operation and any angular deformity of the knee joint did not influence the radiological results. Women had a statistically significantly higher risk of developing gonarthrosis after partial medial meniscectomy than men (P 〈 0.05). The arthroscopic partial medial meniscectomy led to excellent subjective and functional results but could not prevent the increase or development of late degenerative changes in the medial knee compartment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 20
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Keywords: 25.70.Jj ; 23.20.-g
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The spectra of theKX-rays of reaction products were observed in coincidence with high energy gamma-rays (E γ≧10 MeV) in thenatSn+40Ar (E Ar=300 MeV) and68Zn +64Zn (E Zn=290 MeV) reactions. Two groups ofKX-rays can be clearly identified in the spectra. The first one corresponds to the evaporation residue of the compound nucleus and the second one to the target-like products of the reaction. The spectra of gamma transitions gated by theKX-rays of the evaporation residues were measured in both reactions. The relative yields and the positions of the broad shoulders observed at an energyE γ≧10 MeV in these spectra, differ drastically in the asymmetric and the symmetric systems. The ratio between the yields of gamma-rays emitted at angles of 0° and 90° to the beam direction was determined in thenatSn+40Ar reaction. It was found to be greater than unity only atE γ=(10–14) MeV. This experimental evidence may indicate the emission of high energy gamma-rays from the dinuclear system prior to the formation of the compound nucleus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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