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  • 1
    ISSN: 0168-9002
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, U.K. and Cambridge, USA : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Histopathology 37 (2000), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2559
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Neoangiogenesis is accompanied by an increase in endothelial surface, which can support infiltration by immune cells depending on adhesion molecule expression. Therefore, the expression of cell adhesion molecules on microvessels and epithelial cells was analysed in renal cell carcinomas as compared to tumour-free tissue.〈section xml:id="abs1-2"〉〈title type="main"〉Methods and resultsPECAM-1, CD34, ICAM-1, VCAM-1, VLA-4, P- and E-selectin, the macrophage antigens Ki-M1P and Mac-1, and lymphocyte function antigen LFA-1 were identified immunohistochemically. VCAM-1, ICAM-1, and E-selectin were equally or less expressed, whereas P-selectin was increased on microvessels in tumour tissue. The density of VCAM-1-positive tumour microvessels correlated positively with an advanced tumour stage and E- and P-selectin-positive tumour microvessels with the amount of associated macrophages. The expression of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 on neoplastic epithelia correlated with an increased density of macrophages and a minor degree of tumour differentiation.〈section xml:id="abs1-3"〉〈title type="main"〉ConclusionsThe positive correlation of macrophage infiltration and expression of cell adhesion molecules on tumour microvessels and epithelia with minor tumour differentiation and an advanced stage indicates that adhesion molecule expression is not associated with an effective antitumour function of macrophages
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Nuclear Physics, Section A 431 (1984), S. 545-557 
    ISSN: 0375-9474
    Keywords: Nuclear reactions
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 0370-2693
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1433-0563
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Prostatakarzinom ; Impulszytophotometrie ; Ploidie ; Überlebensrate ; Key words Prostatic carcinoma ; Flow cytometry ; Ploidy ; Survival
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary An aneuploid pattern of prostatic cancer defined by flow cytometry was shown to be of value in predicting progression rates and patient survival times. We evaluated the long-term value of DNA analysis in prostatic cancer in 61 patients with advanced disease. We performed flow cytometry on 61 fresh prostate specimens obtained from a transrectal needle biopsy or a transurethral resection. All patients received antihormonal therapy. Time until death was evaluated in all patients. Of the DNA histograms analyzed, 37 % showed a diploid pattern, 63 % an non-diploid pattern, and 37 % a tetraploid or hypertetraploid pattern. Kaplan-Meier plots were generated for analysis of the probability of survival. Mean survival time was 44 months for patients with diploid (range 1–126 months) and 40 months for patients with non-diploid tumors (range 1–96 months). This difference is not statistically significant. However, the combination of non-diploid and low-differentiated (G3) tumors reduced survival time significantly (mean 20 months, range 1–62 months). There was no patient with combination of a diploid and highly differentiated tumor.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung DNA-Analysen zur Bestimmung der Ploidie werden als Prognosefaktor für Progressionsrate und Überlebenszeit bei Patienten mit Prostatakarzinom diskutiert. Wir analysierten die Überlebenszeit von 61 Patienten mit primär metastasierten Prostatakarzinom, bei denen impulszytometrisch die DNA-Ploidie aus dem Prostatagewebe bestimmt wurde. Das Gewebe wurde dabei im Rahmen der Diagnosestellung durch Stanzbiopsie oder durch eine palliative TUR gewonnen. Alle Patienten wurden antiandrogen behandelt und bis zu ihrem Tod nachbeobachtet. 37 % der ausgewerteten DNA Histogramme zeigten ein diploides, 63 % ein non-diploides Verteilungsmuster. Die mittlere Überlebenszeit betrug für Patienten mit diploidem Tumor 44 (1–126) Monate, die Patienten mit non diploidem Tumor lebten durchschnittlich 40 (1–96) Monate. Dieser Unterschied ist nicht statistisch signifikant. Die Kombination von non-diploidem und niedrig differenziertem (G3-) Tumor reduzierte allerdings die Überlebenszeit signifikant [20 (1–62) Monate]. Eine Korrelation von Grading und Ploidie wurde nicht nachgewiesen. Keiner der untersuchten Patienten zeigte die Kombination eines diploiden und hoch differenzierten Karzinoms. Deshalb erlaubt die gemeinsame Betrachtung von Ploidie und Grading eine differenzierte Tumorbetrachtung.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1433-0563
    Keywords: Key words Treosulfan • Spheroids • Advanced renal cell carcinoma ; Schlüsselwörter Treosulfan • Sphäroide • Chemotherapie des Nierenzellkarzinoms
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung In der Therapie des fortgeschrittenen Nierenzellkarzinoms werden vielfältige Wege beschritten. Innovative Therapieansätze neben der Zytokintherapie sind erforderlich, neue Therapien müssen bezüglich ihrer Wirksamkeit überprüft werden. In der vorliegenden Untersuchung wird die Toxizität von Treosulfan, einem bifunktionalen Alkylans, derjenigen von Vinblastin in vitro gegenübergestellt. Dies wurde in Abhängigkeit der P-Glycoproteinexpression – eine der Hauptursachen der Multi drug Resistance – durchgeführt. Hierbei wurden Sphäroide – dreidimensionale Tumorzellverbände – von 8 Nierenzellkarzinomkulturen mit ansteigenden Dosen der beiden Medikamente inkubiert. Die Toxizität wurde mittels MTT-Test und Trypan-Blaufärbung bestimmt. Es zeigte sich eine signifikant höhere Proliferationshemmung der Zellen durch Treosulfan im Vergleich zu Vinblastin. Die toxische Wirkung von Treosulfan ist darüber hinaus unabhängig von der P-Glycoproteinexpression der Zellen. Diese Ergebnisse sind unseres Erachtens ermutigend, so daß eine Phase-II-Studie zur Wirksamkeit von Treosulfan beim fortgeschrittenen Nierenzellkarzinom initiiert wurde.
    Notes: Summary Therapy of advanced renal cell carcinoma remains difficult. New therapeutic schemes besides cytokine treatment should be evaluated. The following study analyzes the in vitro toxicity of treosulfan on spheroids of 8 primary cultures of renal cell carcinoma cells. These data were compared to the toxicity of vinblastine. All investigations were performed in regard to the P-glycoprotein (Pgp) expression of the cells, which is one of the main causes of multidrug resistance. Four Pgp positive and four Pgp negative spheroids were incubated with the drugs in increasing doses. Toxicity was measured using the MTT toxicity assay as well as trypan blue exclusion. Significantly higher toxicity of treosulfan compared to vinblastine could be demonstrated. In addition, the effects of treosulfan were not related to Pgp expression. These results are encouraging and a phase II study analyzing the efficacy of treosulfan in patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma has been initiated in our institution.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford [u.a.] : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 44 (1988), S. 2043-2045 
    ISSN: 1600-5759
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1432-0932
    Keywords: Biomécanique ; Rachis cervical ; Fracture de l'odontoïde ; Stabilité ; Ostéosynthèse de l'odontoïde par vis ; Biomechanics ; Cervical spine ; Odontoid fracture ; Stability ; Odontoid screw fixation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Fresh odontoid fractures of types II and III and in some cases nonunions of the odontoid can be repaired by direct anterior screw fixation preserving C1–C2 motion. The goal of this experimental study was to investigate the biomechanical stability of the fragment achieved by this direct odontoid osteosynthesis according to Böhler. Sixteen human C1–C2 segments with fractures of type II or type III were biomechanically tested in vitro under standardized conditions. Flexion and extension moments, anterior and posterior shear forces were applied, and the motion of the refixed odontoid fragment relative to C2 was determined. The results show that direct screw fixation of the odontoid under the experimental conditions provides sufficient stability for the dens fragment.
    Notes: Résumé Les fractures fraîches de l'odontoïde de type II et III et certains cas de pseudarthrose de l'odontoïde peuvent être réparés par une ostéosynthèse antérieure directe préservant la mobilité C1–C2. Le but de cette étude expérimentale était d'explorer la stabilité biomécanique permise par cette ostéosynthèse directe de l'odontoïde selon Böhler. 16 segments C1–C2 présentant des fractures de type II et III ont été testés in vitro dans des conditions bien définies. On a appliqué des moments de flexion et d'extension et des forces de cisaillement antérieur et postérieur et l'on a déterminé la mobilité du fragment odontoïdien refixé par rapport à C2. Les résultats ont montré que la fixation directe par vissage de l'odontoïde assure dans les conditions expérimentales une stabilité suffisante au fragment odontoïdien.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1432-0932
    Keywords: Biomécanique ; Rachis cervical ; Fracture de l'odontoïde ; Instabilité atlanto-axoïdienne ; Arthrodèse atlanto-axoïdienne postérieure ; Biomechanics ; Cervical spine ; Odontoid fracture ; Atlantoaxial instability ; Posterior atlantoaxial fusion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Unstable C1-C2 segments are generally treated surgically. Depending on the indication a direct screw fixation of the odontoid or a C1-C2 arthrodesis is a possible technique. In this experimental in vitro study the three different atlantoaxial fusion techniques by Gallie, Brooks, and Magerl were compared biomechanically. Sixteen human C1-C2 segments with odontoid fractures of type II and III were investigated under standardized conditions. Flexion and extension moments, anterior, and posterior shear forces, left and right torsional moments were applied, and the motion of C1 relative to C2 was determined. The results of this investigation show clearly that the segments treated with the technique by Magerl with transarticular screws achieved the highest stiffness, compared to the wiring methods of Brooks and Gallie. These differences were most evident for posterior shear forces and for torsional moments. For these load conditions the ratio of stiffness Magerl: Brooks: Gallie was about 10:2:1. Significant differences for the plastic deformation of the differently fixed C1-C2 segments were found within the first few load/unload cycles, which give information about the relationship between primary and long-term stability.
    Notes: Résumé L'instabilité C1-C2 est le plus souvent traitée chirurgicalement. Selon l'indication, peuvent être proposées soit une ostéosynthèse par vissage direct de l'odontoïde, soit une arthrodèse C1-C2. Dans cette étude expérimentale in vitro, on a comparé au plan biomécanique, les trois différentes techniques d'arthrodèse atlanto-axoïdiennes, selon Gallie, Brooks et Magerl. 16 segments C1-C2 présentant des fractures de type II et III ont été testés in vitro dans des conditions bien définies. On a appliqué des moments de flexion et d'extension, des forces de cisaillement antérieur et postérieur et des moments de torsion vers la droite et vers la gauche, et l'on a analysé la mobilité de C1-C2. Les résultats de cette investigation ont clairement démontré que les segments traités par la technique de Magerl avec des vis transarticulaires, présentaient la plus grande rigidité, en comparaison des méthodes de cerclage de Brooks et de Gallie. Ces différences étaient plus évidentes dans le cas du cisaillement postérieur et de la torsion. Dans ces conditions de contrainte, le rapport de rigidité Magerl/Brooks/Gallie était de 10/2/1. Des différences significatives de déformation plastique ont été retrouvées entre les différentes fixations C1-C2 au cours des premiers cycles de mise en charge et décharge, qui renseignent sur la relation entre la stabilité primaire et à long terme.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1063-7788
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The inclusive energy spectra and multiplicities of p, d, and t from the reactions 14N(Ag, X), X=p, d, t at E/A=52 MeV are measured. The experimental data are compared with the results obtained within the Dubna version of the cascade model and are analyzed on the basis of the moving-source model.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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