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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Antispasmodic ortho-Substituted Phenoxyalkylamines (1966)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of medicinal chemistry 9 (1966), S. 804-809 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-4804
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jm00324a002
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Insulin treatment of the insulin-dependent diabetic patient undergoing minor surgery (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Anaesthesia 43 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2044
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: In a prospective randomised study in 20 insulin-dependent diabetics who had minor surgery under general anaesthesia we compared the metabolic responses to intravenous glucose-insulin-potassium infusion with those who had conventional subcutaneous insulin administration. The former treatment resulted in lower blood glucose levels both during the infusion period (p 〈 0.05) as well as the entire observation period (operative, first and second postoperative days; p 〈 0.01). More blood glucose values were within the intended range of 5 to 10 mmol/litre in the glucose-insulin-potassium as compared to the conventional group (48% versus 24%; p 〈 0.01). The levels of lactate, 3-hydroxybutyrate, glycerol, alanine, glucagon, insulin and growth hormone did not differ between the two groups. The infusion regimen resulted in better glycaemic control both peri-and postoperatively than the conventional subcutaneous insulin regimen in insulin-dependent diabetic patients who have minor surgery.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2044.1988.tb06681.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dual effects of calcitonin gene-related peptide on insulin secretion in the perfused dog pancreas
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Regulatory Peptides 27 (1990), S. 149-157 
    Details
    ISSN: 0167-0115
    Keywords: Calcitonin gene-related peptide ; Dog pancreas ; Glucagon secretion ; Insulin secretion ; Somatostatin secretion
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0167-0115(90)90213-G
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cyclopiazonic acid production by submerged cultures of Penicillium and Aspergillus strains (1984)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 21 (1984), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract 62 isolates of Penicillium and Aspergillus were screened for cyclopiazonic acid (CPA) production by surface and submerged culture on different media. The production of this mycotoxin was restricted to Penicillium camembertii group II (and its domesticated form P. camembertii), P. griseofulvum, and Aspergillus flavus (and its domesticated form A. oryzae). The best yield of CPA was obtained by a strain of P. griseofulvum, but several strains of P. camembertii group II were also good producers. Propionic acid (500 and 1000 mg/l medium) did not enhance the production of CPA. The best yields of CPA were obtained in submerged culture, but in some cases growth and CPA production only occured in surface culture. A simplified procedure for isolation of CPA is described.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1984.tb00220.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pancreatic polypeptide, glucagon and insulin secretion from the isolated perfused canine pancreas (1978)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 14 (1978), S. 413-417 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Isolated perfused canine pancreas ; VIP ; GIP ; caerulein ; gastrin ; secretin ; glucagon ; bombesin ; acetyl choline ; adrenaline ; release of insulin ; release of glucagon ; release of PP
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The release of pancreatic polypeptide (PP) by gut hormones, acetyl choline and adrenaline was investigated in an isolated perfused pancreas preparation. PP was potently released by 1 nmol/l caerulein (186±12%, p〈0.001) and gastric inhibitory peptide (GIP) (211±31%, p〈0.005) as well as by 1 [νmol/l acetyl choline (1097±59%, p〈0.001). A significant two-fold release of PP was also evoked by 1 nmol/l vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) (129±38%, p〈0.02 and gastrin (108±25% p〈0.01). Insulin release, induced by high glucose concentration was enhanced by both GIP (210 ±38%, p〈(0.01) and VIP (48±5%, p〈0.001). In addition GIP enhanced the release of glucagon by 179±18% (p〈0.001) at 1.4 mmol/l glucose and by 127±24% (p〈0.005) at 8.3 mmol/l glucose. Thus no simple inter-relationship appears to exist between the control of the three circulating islet hormones.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01228136
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dual action of Mn++ upon the secretion of insulin and glucagon from the isolated, perfused canine pancreas (1978)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 15 (1978), S. 475-479 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Manganese ; magnesium ; calcium ; insulin release ; glucagon release ; isolated ; perfused pancreas
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Since Mn++ apparently interferes with excitation-contraction coupling by both reducing inward movement of Ca++ across the cell membrane and by displacing Ca++ from an intracellular store, studies were performed in the isolated, perfused canine pancreas to elucidate the existence of a similar effect in stimulus-secretion coupling and to draw comparisons with the effect of Mg++, which antagonizes Ca++ at the cell membrane. The results show: 1. that Mn++ (0.05, 0.125, and 0.25 mmol/l) inhibits the release of insulin and glucagon in a dose-dependent fashion during the first 3–4 min of infusion followed by a dose-dependent increase in hormone release, the ‘escape phase’. 2. The inhibitory action of Mn++ (0.25 mmol/l) upon release of both hormones is progressively counteracted when perfusate calcium is increased from 0.7 to 1.3 to 5.0 mmol/l. 3. Mg++ (5 mmol/l) inhibits the release of both hormones with no sign of an ‘escape phase’. 4. Mn++ (0.5 mmol/l) during calcium depletion causes a gradual stimulation of the release of both hormones. The dual action of Mn++ upon hormone release from the endocrine pancreas suggests that Mn++ can cross the cell membrane and can interfere with stimulus-secretion coupling both at the membrane level, by competitively inhibiting the Ca++ influx, and at some intracellular level by releasing calcium from an intracellular store.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02342873
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Early recognition of autonomic dysfunction in microalbuminuria: significance for cardiovascular mortality in diabetes mellitus? (1994)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 37 (1994), S. 788-796 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Key words Autonomic function, diabetes mellitus, 24-h heart rate variability, microalbuminuria, sudden cardiac death, vagal function, autonomic neuropathy.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The appearance of microalbuminuria in diabetic patients predicts development of macroalbuminuria and coronary heart disease. Autonomic dysfunction in ischaemic heart disease is related to an increased incidence of arrhythmic deaths. To assess sympathovagal balance in relation to microalbuminuria we performed 24-h spectral analysis of RR interval oscillations in 37 insulin-dependent diabetic patients. Patients were divided according to urinary albumin excretion as normo-(〈20 µg/min) (n =12), micro-(〉20 and 〈200 µg/min) (n =14) and macro-albuminuria (〉200 µg/min) (n =11). None had symptoms or signs of ischaemic heart disease at clinical examination or during stress testing. Fourteen matched healthy subjects served as controls. Overall RR interval variability was calculated as the 24-h standard deviation. The square root of power of the low-frequency (0.04–0.15 Hz) and high-frequency (0.15–0.40 Hz) component were considered indices of the sympathovagal interaction and vagal function, respectively. Patients with micro and macroalbuminuria had, compared to control subjects, significantly reduced 24-h standard deviation, a much smaller day/night difference in mean RR level and a significantly reduced amplitude of the low frequency and high frequency oscillations, which were even more reduced in macroalbuminuria. The differences in vagal function were also present after correction for mean RR level, and differences in physical training level and smoking. Insulin-dependent diabetic patients who develop microalbuminuria have significantly impaired vagal function and abnormal sympathovagal interaction, which is further deranged in macroalbuminuria. This early autonomic dysfunction may later contribute to a increased risk for sudden cardiac death. [Diabetologia (1994) 37: 788–796]
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00404336
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterisation of the abnormal pancreatic D and A cell function in streptozotocin diabetic dogs: Studies with D-glyceraldehyde, dihydroxyacetone, D-mannoheptulose, D-glucose, and L-arginine (1981)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 21 (1981), S. 489-494 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Pancreas ; diabetes ; somatostatin ; glucagon ; insulin ; D-glyceraldehyde ; dihydroxyacetone ; mannoheptulose ; glucose ; arginine ; isolated perfused pancreas
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Pancreatic D and A cell function is deranged in streptozotocin diabetes. To investigate this, the effect of D-glyceraldehyde, dihydroxyacetone, D-mannoheptulose and glucose variations during arginine stimulation on the release of somatostatin and glucagon from the isolated pancreas of normal and streptozotocin diabetic dogs was studied. Concentrations of the trioses, D-glyceraldehyde (1.25 and 2.5 mmol/l) and dihydroxyacetone (11 mmol/l), which normally stimulate D cells, did not influence the release of somatostatin in the diabetic dog. However, the higher concentration of D-glyceraldehyde (5 mmol/l) suppressed D cell secretion in the diabetic animals at 0 and 8.3 mmol/l glucose. A cell secretion was significantly suppressed at the higher glucose level in response to both 2.5 and 5 mmol/l of the triose. This inhibition may be explained by a non-specific effect induced by the high dose of this triose. The addition of 5 mmol/l mannoheptulose, which normally reduces glucose-induced somatostatin secretion and stimulates glucagon release, did not affect hormone secretion. In both the diabetic and the normal animals, arginine (5 mmol/l) stimulated somatostatin and glucagon secretion. Although arginine was able to stimulate D and A cell secretion in the diabetic dogs, it was however unable to restore the response to changes in glucose concentration between 1.4 and 8.3 mmol/l to normal. These results demonstrate that the abnormal pancreatic D and A cell function in streptozotocin diabetes is characterised by an impaired response to glucose and certain glucose metabolites and probably results from a specific defect in glucose recognition.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00257791
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Differential glycaemic effects of potato, rice and spaghetti in Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetic patients at constant insulinaemia (1986)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 29 (1986), S. 358-361 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Type 1 diabetes ; blood glucose ; artificial pancreas ; diet
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The blood glucose responses to cooked potato, rice and spaghetti were studied in six Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetic patients who had attained euglycaemia by the artificial pancreas prior to the meal intake. The amount of potato (raw weight 200 g), parboiled rice (raw weight 50 g), and spaghetti (raw weight 50 g) had approximately identical caloric content (range 203–225 kcal) and amount of available carbohydrate (range 39.4–43.4g). The postprandial blood glucose response areas after cooked potato and cooked parboiled rice were similar (180 min values: cooked potato: 1190 ±110 mmol/l x min, cooked rice: 1160 ± 140 mmol/l x min and 240min values: cooked potato: 1690 ± 140 mmol/l x min, cooked rice: 1740 ± 210 mmol/l x min). In contrast, the response after cooked spaghetti was slower and less pronounced (180 min value: 830 ± 80 mmol/1 x min and 240 min value: 1320 ± 120 mmol/1 x min), and was significantly smaller than those of cooked potato (180 min: 2p 〈 0.01 and 240 min: 2p 〈 0.01) as well as cooked rice (180 min: 2p 〈 0.01 and 240 min: 2p 〈 0.02). Our study emphasizes the importance of determining the glycaemic response of foodstuffs under conditions of isoinsulinaemia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00903344
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Urinary albumin excretion rate and 24-h ambulatory blood pressure in NIDDM with microalbuminuria: effects of a monounsaturated-enriched diet (1995)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 38 (1995), S. 1069-1075 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Key words Non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus; microalbuminuria ; blood pressure ; monounsaturated fat diet ; olive oil ; diet ; metabolic control.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Previous studies have shown that unsaturated fat-enriched diets may have a beneficial effect on blood pressure in non-insulin-dependent diabetic (NIDDM) patients, whereas little is known about the effects on albuminuria. In a 3-week cross-over design we compared the effects of a currently recommended high-carbohydrate diet (50 % carbohydrate, 30 % fat [10 % monounsaturated fat]) vs a diet rich in monounsaturated fat (30 % carbohydrate, 50 % fat [30 % monounsaturated fat]) on urinary albumin excretion rate, 24-h ambulatory blood pressure and metabolic control in ten NIDDM patients with persistent microalbuminuria. The 24-h ambulatory blood pressure was similar before and after both the high-carbohydrate diet (mean ± SD: 145/78 ± 25/10 vs 143/79 ± 19/10 mmHg (NS) and the monounsaturated fat diet: 140/78 ± 16/8 vs 143/79 ± 15/8 mmHg (NS). No changes were observed in day or night-time blood pressures. Urinary albumin excretion rate was unaffected after 3 weeks' treatment by the diets: from (geometric mean ×/7 tolerance factor) 32.4 ×/72.1 to 36.0 ×/7 1.9 μg/min (NS) vs from 34.2 ×/7 1.9 to 32.1 ×/7 2.1 μg/min (NS). Fasting plasma glucose, serum fructosamine and HbA1c as well as lipid and lipoprotein concentrations were stable during both diets. Compared to the high-carbohydrate diet a reduction in the LDL/HDL cholesterol ratio was observed during the monounsaturated fat diet (p 〈 0.03). In conclusion, compared to a high-carbohydrate diet, 3 weeks' treatment with a monounsaturated fat diet did not affect the levels of 24-h ambulatory blood pressure or albuminuria in microalbuminuric NIDDM patients. Moreover, glycaemic control and lipoprotein levels were unchanged, although a potential beneficial effect on the LDL/HDL-cholesterol ratio was noted. Monounsaturated fat represents an alternative in the diets of NIDDM patients especially when caloric intake is not a concern. [Diabetologia (1995) 38: 1069–1075]
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00402177
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